List of enclaves and exclaves

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In political geography, an enclave is a piece of land belonging to one country (or region etc.) that is totally surrounded by another country (or region). An exclave is a piece of land that is politically attached to a larger piece but not physically contiguous with it (connected to it) because they are completely separated by a surrounding foreign territory or territories. Many entities are both enclaves and exclaves.

Each enclave listed in this section has an administrative level equivalent to that of the one other entity that entirely surrounds it. Each enclave is also a part of a main region; hence, it is an exclave of that region.

NameArea (km2) Exclave of Enclaved within Coordinates NotesApipé Islands The mainland of Papua New Guinea is only 6 km from Boigu. Jungholz 7.05 (Tyrol state – Reutte District) (Bavaria state – Swabia administrative region) Connected at a quadripoint at the summit of the mountain Sorgschrofen (1636 m); accessible only through Germany. Vinokurov (2007) states, "For all purposes, a connection in a single point does not mean anything. It is just like being completely separated. One cannot pass through a single point, nor is it possible to transport goods. It is not even possible to lay a telephone line. "Baarle Hertog (22 parcels) 2.3448 (Antwerp province – Baarle Hertog municipality) (North Brabant province – Baarle Nassau municipality) (H1) A group of 22 Belgian enclaves in the southern Netherlands. Enclaves H1 and H2 are connected at a single point. Međurečje 3.9584 (Republika Srpska – Rudo municipality) (Zlatibor District – Priboj municipality) Homeland of Bosnia Herzegovina is to the north. Sastavci is the name of the neighbouring village in Serbia. West Kowloon Port (aka. Mainland Port Area) 0.11 (Guangdong province – Futian district) (Yau Tsim Mong district) China's immigration/customs border crossing that is located within Hong Kong; compartments of operating passenger trains on the rail link in Hong Kong are also considered part of Mainland Port Area. It is not contiguous with the rest of China. Effectively ceded to China in 2018 for a token HK$1,000 per year. Quitasueño 3,577, including water area (San Andrés y Providencia Department) (QS32) It deemed one of the bank's 54 features to be an island at high tide (elevation 70 cm, area 1 m2) and created enclaves as an equitable solution. The area of the bank, excluding the 12 mile zone, is ~290 km2. Colombia decried the loss of maritime areas and creation of "'enclaves' around Quitasueño and Serrana that could restrict" access. A second enclave lies within 300 metres of the first. It was created on 29 June 2017 when the Permanent Court of Arbitration decided that a disputed 2.4 ha parcel is part of Slovenia and that the border follows Slovenian cadastral limits, thus completing the encirclement of the second Croatian enclave. Croatia has stated that it will ignore the arbitration decision. Ormidhia 1.694 (Larnaca District) Sovereign Base Area Small exclave surrounded by Dhekelia, a British Overseas Territory in southeastern Cyprus. The degree of sovereignty and legitimacy of the Sovereign Base Areas is disputed by the Republic of Cyprus. Xylotymbou 0.947 Small exclave surrounded by Dhekelia, a British Overseas Territory. "Electricity Authority of Cyprus" Refugee Settlement ~0.28 North of Dhekelia Power Station from which it is separated by a British road; the closest point between the two territories is 21 metres. Dhekelia Power Station ~0.161 Partially borders the coast but enclosed by UK land and waters disputed between Cyprus and the UK; the power station is owned by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC); no permanent population. Münsterbildchen 1.826 (North Rhine Westphalia state – Aachen district – Roetgen municipality) (Liège province – Raeren municipality) West of Vennbahn trackbed; northernmost German enclave, mainly home to industrial and warehouse structures. Lammersdorf 9.98 (North Rhine Westphalia state – Aachen district – Roetgen and Simmerath municipalities) (Liège province) Western part of de, southern part of Roetgen, and intervening forest (Forst Rötgen); west and south of Vennbahn trackbed. From 1922 to 1958, the center portion (between Grenzweg and a boundary with three turning points west of the Schleebach stream) was Belgian territory. Until 1949, the east–west road that connected the two outer (German) portions was also German territory; therefore, the German land formed one oddly shaped enclave (that also included the road to Konzen). In 1949, it was split into two enclaves when Germany ceded the roads to Belgium; in 1958, Belgium returned the east–west road and also ceded the centre section of the current enclave to Germany. Rückschlag (Monschau) 0.016 (North Rhine Westphalia state – Aachen district – Monschau town) (Liège province – Eupen municipality) Part of city of Monschau, west of Vennbahn trackbed; smallest German exclave, consisting of a house and a garden. Mützenich 12.117 (Liège province) West of Belgium's Vennbahn trackbed. de 0.937 Part of city of Monschau, west of Vennbahn trackbed; southernmost Vennbahn enclave after 1949 (when Belgium annexed the de enclave). Büsingen am Hochrhein 7.62 (Baden Württemberg state – Konstanz district) At its closest, less than from Germany proper (to the east). Part of Swiss customsCampione d'Italia 1.6 (Lombardy region – Province of Como) (Canton Ticino – Lugano District) Uses the Swiss franc, Former part of Swiss customs (until 2020). Separated by less than 1 km, at the shortest distance, from the rest of Italy by Lake Lugano and mountains, but the terrain requires a 14 km road journey to reach the nearest Italian town, Lanzo d'Intelvi. Barak (de facto) 2.07 (Kara Suu District – Osh Region) (Andijan Region) Kyrgyzstan's 1991 pre independence border is the de jure international border, but much of it is hotly disputed with its neighbors. In August 1999, the area around Barak was occupied by Uzbekistan, cutting it off from Kyrgyz territory. Uzbek forces dug up and blockaded the road to Ak Tash while also allegedly seizing large areas of Kyrgyz land that had been loaned in the Soviet era but never returned. They entrenched themselves within much of Kyrgyz border territory and refused to leave. Barak became a de facto enclave only 1.5 km from the shifted main border. Four Uzbek enclaves and Barak are major sticking points in delimitation talks, and disputes have centered on the areas of Barak, Sokh, Gava and Gavasay (stream). (Map) In August 2018 Kyrgyz and Uzbek authorities agreed to a land swap that would eliminate the exclave. The exchange process may take up to two years. Likoma Island 130.0 (incl a territorial water area) (Northern Region – Likoma District) (Niassa Province – Lago District) Lacustrine enclave, including smaller islets, with territorial water border in Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa); only ~5 kilometres from the Mozambique shore; combined land area of Likoma Is. and the smaller Chizumulu Is. is 18 km2. Chizumulu Island (incl Lundu Is., Papia Is., Ngkyvo Is.) 101.4 (incl 2 NM territorial water area) Lacustrine enclave with territorial water border in Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa); Malawian mainland is 46 km away. Baarle Nassau (8 parcels) 0.150684 (North Brabant province – Baarle Nassau municipality) (Antwerp province – Baarle Hertog municipality) (N8) Seven of the eight Dutch enclaves are counter enclaves inside two Belgian enclaves (H1 and H8); one is in the main body of Belgium (N8). Laguna Los Portillos and beach ~0.46 (Río San Juan Department) (Limón Province) On 2 Feb 2018, the ICJ rendered a decision in a border dispute between Nicaragua and Costa Rica regarding es. Nicaragua was left with just the Laguna Los Portillos and its short strip of beach. The court also decided that the sea just outside of the lagoon would be Costa Rican waters. The ICJ concluded that the whole beach is Costa Rican except for the part directly between the lagoon and the Caribbean Sea – now a tiny enclave of Nicaraguan territory separated from the rest of the country. Madha ~75 (Musandam Governorate) Halfway between the Omani fragment on the Musandam Peninsula and the rest of Oman; surrounds the UAE counter enclave of Nahwa. San'kovo Medvezh'e 4.54 (Bryansk Oblast – Zlynkovsky District) (Gomel Region – Dobrush Raion) Contains two small villages that have been depopulated since the 1986 Chernobyl disaster in Ukraine. Llívia 12.84 (Catalonia autonomous community – Province of Girona/Cerdanya comarca) (Occitania region – Pyrénées Orientales department) To the east of Andorra, separated from the rest of Spain by a corridor about 2 km wide containing the French communes of Ur and Bourg Madame. Vorukh ~96.7 (Sughd Province – Isfara District) (Batken Province – Batken District) South of the mountain Ak Tash; population is 95% Tajik and the rest Kyrgyz. "Lolazor" ~0.88 (Batken Province – Leilek District) Near the railway station of Stantsiya Kayragach, next to the Kyrgyz–Tajik border; also referred to as "Western Qal'acha" due to proximity to the Tajik town of Qal'acha; apparently there is no named settlement. Sarvan (also Sarvaksoi, Sarvaki bolo) 8.4 (Sughd Region – Asht District) (Namangan Region – Pop district) Long, narrow territory located in the Fergana and Isfara valleys region where Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan meet. Nahwa ~5.2 (Sharjah emirate) (Musandam Governorate) A counter enclave surrounded by Madha, reported to consist of around forty houses. (5 islands) ~23 (Río Negro Department) (Entre Ríos Province – Gualeguaychú and Uruguay departments) Five adjacent islands (Isla Filomena Grande, Isla Filomena Chica, Isla Palma Chica, Isla Bassi, Isla Tres Cruces) with territorial water borders in the Uruguay River. Uninhabited islands that form part of the Esteros de Farrapos National Park. Sokh ~234 (Fergana Region – Sokh district) (Batken Region) Large enclave with 99% Tajik population, the rest Kyrgyz and almost no ethnic Uzbeks. Chon Qora or Qalacha (the 2 Uzbek villages in the enclave)~3Tiny enclave lying on the Sokh River, immediately north of Sokh; measures about 3 km long by 1 km wide, with the Uzbek villages of Chon Qora (or Chongara ) and Qalacha at either end; the Kyrgyz village of Chong Kara (or Chon Kara ) lies 2 km northwest. [Note: The Kyrgyz Cyrillic alphabet contains three characters not present in the Uzbek alphabet. One of these characters is romanised from Kyrgyz as the digraph ng, which is not present in romanised Uzbek words. ]Jani Ayil (also Jangy ayyl or Khalmion) ~0.8 (Fergana Region – Fergana district) (Batken Region – Kadamjay District) Tiny enclave north northwest of the Shakhimardan enclave; within 1 km of the Uzbek main border; the Kyrgyz towns of Jangy Ayyl and Khalmion lie outside opposite edges of this enclave. ~21 Baku Absheron Rayon • Divanalılar and • Yuxarı Veysəlli ~1.3 and ~4.3 Füzuli Rayon Xocavənd Rayon , Yuxarı Məzrə ~3.1 Jabrayil District Khojavend District • Yeni Qaralar and • (near Muğanlı) ~0.25 and ~1.7 Khojaly District Aghdam District , Ağbaş ~17 Shabran District Siyazan District de jure• (includes Aşağı Quşçular, Yuxarı Quşçular, Malıbəyli) and • (southeast of Khojaly) ~9.3 and ~3.6 Şuşa Rayon Xocalı Rayon , Located near Xankəndi (Stepanakert), which includes parts of Şuşa and Xocalı Rayons. (, , ) • (northeast of Deşdahat, north of Başarat) ~5.3 Xocavənd Rayon Qubadlı Rayon Map showing exclave. • (main part of the city)• Minsk National Airport• Жылы раён Сокал, Мінск 409.5 Minsk Minsk Region (Minsk and Smalyavichy Raions) , , • (1 parcel) ~0.11 Minsk Region (Minsk Raion) Minsk (Maskowski District) (south of Arjo village) ~17 Benishangul Gumuz Region (Kamashi Zone – Belo Jegonfoy) Oromia Region (northeast of Uke) (2 parcels) Oromia Region (East Welega Zone – Guto Gida district) , • (includes Gardères, Luquet) and • (includes Séron, Escaunets, Villenave près Béarn) 42.02 Occitania (Hautes Pyrénées – Arrondissement of Tarbes – Canton of Ossun and Canton of Vic en Bigorre) Nouvelle Aquitaine (Pyrénées Atlantiques – Arrondissement of Pau) , Séron is less than 300 metres from the neighbouring enclave to its south that includes Gardères and Luquet; they, along with Séron, are part of Canton d'Ossun. Escaunets and Villenave près Béarn are in the same enclave with Séron, but unlike Séron, they are part of Canton de Vic en Bigorre. Canton of Valréas 124.91 Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur (Vaucluse – Arrondissement of Avignon) Auvergne Rhône Alpes (Drôme – Arrondissement of Nyons) Known as the Enclave des Papes, it was part of the possessions of the Pope in France near Avignon; it was attached to Vaucluse when annexed after the départements were created (see Comtat Venaissin). (2 parcels) ~0.043 Baden Württemberg (Karlsruhe — Rhein Neckar Kreis — Laudenbach) Hesse (Darmstadt — Bergstraße — Heppenheim) One of these is a counter enclave. • Hansestadt Bremen (south) and • Hansestadt Bremen (north) 408 Freie Hansestadt Bremen Lower Saxony Bremerhaven and Überseehafengebiet comprise Bremen's northern part, which is 60 km downstream of Bremen's larger southern part on the River Weser. Both parts of Hansestadt Bremen are enclaves within Lower Saxony, as well as exclaves of each other. Fehrmoor (part) ~0.57 Freie Hansestadt Bremen (Bremerhaven Stadt – Nord Stadtbezirk – Leherheide (Bremerhaven) Stadtteil – Fehrmoor Ortsteil) Lower Saxony (Cuxhaven) Fehrmoor is a part of Leherheide, which is a sub division of Bremerhaven. Part of Fehrmoor is separated by a narrow strip of Lower Saxony from the rest of Bremerhaven, making it an exclave of the city and of the state. Ober Laudenbach (part) ~0.58 Hesse (Darmstadt — Bergstraße — Heppenheim) Baden Württemberg (Karlsruhe — Rhein Neckar Kreis — Laudenbach) Contains a counter enclave. Choto Pokalagi 0.549 Assam (Dhubri district) West Bengal (Cooch Behar district) A national level enclave prior to the incorporation of Cooch Behar into India in 1949 Gobrarkuthi 0.149 A national level enclave prior to the incorporation of Cooch Behar into India in 1949 Ramrayerkuthi 0.084 A national level enclave prior to the incorporation of Cooch Behar into India in 1949 Dadra ~26 Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (Dadra and Nagar Haveli district) Gujarat (Valsad district) Dadra was part of the former Portuguese India. Maghval
Gujarat (Valsad district — Kaparada Taluka) Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (Dadra and Nagar Haveli district – Nagar Haveli taluka) Formerly "Bombay Enclave," Maghval was a British counter enclave within the Portuguese enclave within British India until independence. Yanam district 20 Puducherry Andhra Pradesh (East Godavari district) The four districts of Puducherry (Pondicherry, Mahe, Yanam and Karaikal) constituted a French colony until 1954. • Cherukallayi and • (includes Palloor, Chalakkara, Pandakkal) Puducherry (Mahe district) Kerala (Kannur district) , Mahe district consists of these two true enclaves and Mahé municipality. • Bahour PS Karaiyambuthur OP (3 enclaves), • Dhanvantry Nagar PS Alankuppam OP, • Thirubuvanai PS/Thirukkanur PS (part), • Kattery Kuppam PS/Thirukkanur PS (part), • Nettapakkam PS (west), • Mangalam PS (part), • Thirukkanur PS (part) Puducherry (Pondicherry district) Tamil Nadu (Cuddalore and Viluppuram districts) (the largest part) These 9 parcels along with three coastal pene exclaves comprise all of Pondicherry district. Kilinjikuppam and Singirikudi (part) ~7.4 Tamil Nadu (Cuddalore district — Cuddalore taluk) Puducherry (Pondicherry district) This enclave is surrounded by one of the three coastal pene exclaves in Pondicherry district. Bara Lowkuthi 5.47 West Bengal (Cooch Behar district) Assam (Kokrajhar district) A national level enclave prior to the incorporation of Cooch Behar into India in 1949 it (includes Santa Sofia Marecchia and Ortale) ~15 Tuscany (Province of Arezzo – Badia Tedalda) Emilia Romagna (Province of Rimini) One enclave it 2.7 Umbria (Province of Perugia – Città di Castello) Marche (Province of Pesaro and Urbino) This enclave consists of hills, cropland and few structures. Lama Superiore and Valle Inferiore ~0.29 and ~0.11 Emilia Romagna (Province of Piacenza – Corte Brugnatella) Lombardy (Province of Pavia) , Two tiny rural enclaves very close to each other. There is just one house in Valle Inferiore and none in Lama. it Emilia Romagna (Province of Modena – Frassinoro) Tuscany (Province of Lucca – Castiglione di Garfagnana) Enclave including part of the village of San Pellegrino in Alpe. map San Pio (1 parcel) ~0.18 Lombardy (Province of Pavia – Pieve del Cairo) Piedmont (Province of Alessandria) The enclave is a small plot of cropland Iesce Basilicata (Province of Matera – Matera) Apulia (Province of Bari – Altamura) The enclave is a small plot of cropland (1 parcel) Saitama Prefecture (Fukaya) Gunma Prefecture (Isesaki) (2 parcels) Tokyo (Machida) Kanagawa Prefecture (Sagamihara) Nishiōizumimachi 0.002 Tokyo (Nerima Ward) Saitama Prefecture (Niiza) The enclave is a small street. Wes Planken Schaan One of the 4 exclaves of Planken (map) Brunnenegg Schaan Planken One of the 4 exclaves of Schaan (map) Rüttistein Vaduz Planken One of the 6 exclaves of Vaduz (map) Forst Vaduz Schaan One of the 6 exclaves of Vaduz (map) (2 parcels) Dubăsari District Transnistrian controlled Dubăsari District , Transnistria is de facto independent, but not recognised by any member states of the United Nations. Control of two highways (east of Roghi, west of Vasilievca) by Transnistria in this frozen conflict created these two neighbouring enclaves. Condrița Chișinău municipality Strășeni District (Scoreni commune) Văduleni, Chișinău Chișinău municipality Criuleni district ~0.24 Călărași District (Bahmut commune) Ungheni District (Hîrcești commune) ~0.96 Ocnița District (Unguri commune) Dondușeni District ~0.45 Călărași District (Vărzăreștii Noi commune) Strășeni District ~2.1 Orhei District (Peresecina commune) Criuleni District Central Ulaanbaatar 3944 Ulaanbaatar Töv Province Ulaanbaatar is divided into three sections, of which two are enclavesBagakhangai140 Sambú 1296.4 Comarca Emberá Wounaan Darién Province (Chepigana District) El Bale Ngäbe Buglé Comarca (Ñürüm) Veraguas Province (Cañazas District) • Cerro Pelado and • (near El Piro) Ngäbe Buglé Comarca (Müna) Veraguas Province (Las Palmas District) , The unnamed parcel is a crescent shaped forested area bordered by streams. • Bakama and • (includes Trinidad) Ngäbe Buglé Comarca (Müna) Chiriquí Province (Tolé District) , The village of Trinidad appears to be the only population center in the unnamed parcel. LomopogSoccsksargen (Cotabato — Midsayap)BangsamoroA barangay that became enclaved when its neighboring barangays seceded from Midsayap to join Bangsamoro as the new municipalities of Kadayangan and Nabalawag. Southwestern PikitSoccsksargen (Cotabato — Pikit)BangsamoroConsists of barangays Damalasak, Katilacan, Kolambog, Paidu Pulangi, Pamalian, Punol, and Silik that became enclaved when their neighboring barangays seceded from Cotabato to join Bangsamoro as the new municipality of Tugunan. Northeast Kapalawan Old KaabakanBangsamoro (Special Geographic Area)Soccsksargen (Cotabato)Consists of barangays Buluan, Kitulaan, Langogan, Manarapan, Nanga an, Pebpoloan, Pedtad, Simbuhay, Simone, and Tamped that seceded from Cotabato to join Bangsamoro. Some of these barangays are now the northeastern part of the new municipality of Kapalawan, while the rest are almost all the barangays of the new municipality of Old Kaabakan. SanggadongBangsamoro (Special Geographic Area)Soccsksargen (Cotabato)A barangay that seceded from Kabacan, Cotabato to join Bangsamoro. It is now part of the new municipality of Old Kaabakan. Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug 37.22 Moscow Moscow Oblast Vostochny (2 parcels) 3.20 Moscow (Eastern Administrative Okrug – Vostochny District) Moscow Oblast (Балашиха (городской округ)) , These two enclaves within Moscow Oblast are separated only by the width of the road between them. Акулово (Восточный административный округ) (2 parcels) ~0.16 and ~0.024 Moscow (Eastern Administrative Okrug – Vostochny District) Moscow Oblast , Two small enclaves Мачихино (деревня) Moscow (Troitsky Administrative Okrug – Поселение Киевский) Moscow Oblast (Naro Fominsky District – Городское поселение Наро Фоминск) Machikhino became part of "Расширение территории Москвы (2011—2012)" on 1 July 2012. Рублёво Архангельское (2 parcels) Moscow (Western Administrative Okrug – Kuntsevo District) Moscow Oblast (Krasnogorsky District) , Arkhangelsky became part of "Расширение территории Москвы (2011—2012)" on 1 July 2012. The smaller parcel has an area of 2.33 km2. Конезавод, ВТБ (i. e., "Stud Farm, VTB") 27.18 Moscow (Western Administrative Okrug – Kuntsevo District) Moscow Oblast (Odintsovsky District) This enclave became part of "Расширение территории Москвы (2011—2012)" on 1 July 2012, with bizarrely twisting borders that touch Krasnogorsky and Odintsovsky Districts and Zvenigorod Urban Okrug. Two landowners, MKZ "Moscow Stud Farm N1" (about 1100 hectares) and VTB Bank with 1,082 hectares, own nearly all of it. (2 parcels) ~1.7 Tatarstan (Agryzsky District) Udmurtia (Kiyasovsky District – Мушаковское (сельское поселение)) , Two enclaves Новый Кокшан ~3.0 Tatarstan (Mendeleyevsky District – Монашевское сельское поселение) Udmurtia (Grakhovsky District – Новогорское (сельское поселение)) Lies on the Кокшанка (4 parcels) Tatarstan (Drozhzhanovsky District) Chuvashia (Shemurshinsky District – Шемуршинское сельское поселение) , , , Four enclaves upper Inesh valley ~2.4 Tatarstan (Kaybitsky District) Chuvashia (Yantikovsky District) Новое Байдеряково ~10 Chuvashia (Yalchiksky District – Лащ Таябинское сельское поселение) Tatarstan (Buinsky District) Chuvashskiye Entugany – Максим Горький (Чувашия) ~1.2 Chuvashia (Shemurshinsky District – Чепкас Никольское сельское поселение) Tatarstan (Buinsky District) Канаш (Шемуршинский район) Chuvashia (Shemurshinsky District – Шемуршинское сельское поселение) Tatarstan (Drozhzhanovsky District) west of Malaya Tsilna (3 parcels) Chuvashia (Krasnochetaysky District – Атнарское сельское поселение) Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Pilninsky District) , , Three enclaves (4 parcels) Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Pilninsky District) Chuvashia (Krasnochetaysky District – Атнарское сельское поселение) , , , Four enclaves (3 parcels) ~55 Omsk Oblast (Krutinskiy District) Tyumen Oblast (Abatskiy District) , , Three enclaves (2 parcels) ~13 Tyumen Oblast (Abatskiy District – Коневское сельское поселение (Тюменская область)) Omsk Oblast (Krutinskiy District) , Two enclaves (1 parcel) Kemerovo Oblast (Novokuznetskiy District) Altai Krai (Yeltsovsky District – Пуштулимский сельсовет) One enclave (1 parcel) Tatarstan (Arsky District – Новокинерское сельское поселение) Mari El Republic (Morkinsky District – Шоруньжинское сельское поселение) One enclave (1 parcel) Tyumen Oblast (Nizhnetavdinsky District) Sverdlovsk Oblast (Slobodo Turinsky District – Слободо Туринское сельское поселение) One enclave (1 parcel) ~1.0 Penza Oblast (Mokshansky District) Mordovia (Insarsky District – Сиалеевско Пятинское сельское поселение) One enclave (1 parcel) Mordovia (Kovylkinsky District) Penza Oblast (Narovchatsky District – Новопичурский сельсовет) One enclave (1 parcel) Mordovia (Tengushevsky District – Дачное сельское поселение) Ryazan Oblast (Kadomsky District – Кущапинское сельское поселение) One enclave Муханов (посёлок) Ryazan Oblast (Kadomsky District – Кущапинское сельское поселение) Mordovia (Tengushevsky District – Дачное сельское поселение) One enclave (1 parcel) Kaluga Oblast (Mosalsky District – Сельское поселение «Деревня Людково») Smolensk Oblast (Ugransky District – Всходское сельское поселение) One enclave Porzhala tract Arkhangelsk Oblast (Kargopolsky District – Ухотское сельское поселение) Vologda Oblast (Vytegorsky District – Сельское поселение Кемское (Вытегорский район)) One enclave (1 parcel) Sverdlovsk Oblast (Achitsky District) Perm Krai (Suksunsky District) One enclave (3 parcels) Kirov Oblast (Verkhnekamsky District – Лесное городское поселение) Perm Krai (Gaynsky District) , , Чурсья ~0.8 Kirov Oblast (Oparinsky District – Опаринское городское поселение) Komi Republic (Priluzsky District – Ношуль (сельское поселение)) Khoseda Khardsky 5.12 Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Zapolyarny District) Komi Republic (Инта (городской округ)) Хвойный (Красное Село) Saint Petersburg (Krasnoselsky District – Krasnoye Selo) Leningrad Oblast (Gatchinsky District – Таицкое городское поселение) (1 parcel) ~31 Samara Oblast (Kinel Cherkassky District) Orenburg Oblast (Buguruslansky District – Пилюгинский сельсовет) (1 parcel) ~1.5 Ulyanovsk Oblast (Starokulatkinsky District – Старокулаткинское городское поселение) Saratov Oblast (Khvalynsky District – Елшанское муниципальное образование (Хвалынский район)) (1 parcel) Udmurtia (Sarapulsky District – Октябрьское (сельское поселение, Сарапульский район)) Perm Krai (Чайковский городской округ) • Киргисуль and • Юферовское Krasnoyarsk Krai (Sharypovsky District) Khakassia (Ordzhonikidzevsky District – Орджоникидзевский сельсовет (Хакасия)) , (1 parcel) Astrakhan Oblast (Limansky District) Kalmykia (2 parcels) Kalmykia (Chernozemelsky District – Нарынхудукское сельское муниципальное образование) Astrakhan Oblast (Limansky District) , Cerca de Villaño 0.0036 Basque Country (Biscay – Orduña Urduña) Castile and León (Province of Burgos – Valle de Losa) Castile and León (Province of Palencia – Pomar de Valdivia) Cantabria (Valderredible) , Two enclaves Dehesa de la Cepeda ~14 Community of Madrid (Santa María de la Alameda) Castile and León On the northern slopes of Sierra de Guadarrama Los Barrancos 1.26 Castile La Mancha (Province of Guadalajara – Torrejón del Rey) Community of Madrid 27.55 Navarre Aragon (Province of Zaragoza) , Petilla de Aragón is a municipality in northern Spain formed by these two enclaves. 3.5 Castile and León (Province of Burgos – Miranda de Ebro) La Rioja , Two enclaves Treviño 279.58 Castile and León (Province of Burgos) Basque Country (Álava) Valle de Villaverde 19.53 Cantabria Basque Country (Biscay) Fahr Abbey 0.0148 Aargau (Baden District – Würenlos) Canton of Zurich (Dietikon District – Unterengstringen) From 1803 through 2007 this Benedictine convent was not part of a municipality. Grimmenstein monastery Appenzell Innerrhoden (Oberegg District) Appenzell Ausserrhoden (Walzenhausen) Wonnenstein Friary Appenzell Innerrhoden (Schlatt Haslen) Appenzell Ausserrhoden (Teufen) Münchenwiler 2.5 Canton of Bern (Bern Mittelland) Canton of Fribourg (See District) • Surpierre and • Vuissens 10.43 Canton of Fribourg (Broye District) Vaud , Surpierre includes the villages of Surpierre, Villeneuve, Cheiry and Prèvond avaux. de 1.4 Canton of Fribourg (See District – Gurmels) Canton of Bern (Bern Mittelland) La Grande/La Petite Coudre (Céligny) Canton of Geneva (Céligny) Vaud (Nyon District) The municipality of Céligny consists of two exclaves of the Canton of Geneva within the Canton of Vaud. The smaller of the two is enclaved within Vaud. The larger one also has a water border with France and thus is not an enclave. Steinhof 1.64 Canton of Solothurn (Wasseramt District – Aeschi) Canton of Bern (Oberaargau) Slavutych 2.53 Kyiv Oblast Chernihiv Oblast Kotsiubynske 0.87 Kyiv Oblast (Irpin) Kyiv (Sviatoshyn) • the above water part of Liberty Island and • the original portion of Ellis Island not created by landfill 0.0785 New York (New York City – Manhattan) New Jersey (Hudson County – Jersey City) , The size of the original portion of Ellis Island and its environs is 4.68 acres (0.0189 km2 ) of the overall area of 27.5 acres. From a 1998 U. S. Supreme Court decision it follows that a seawall that was completed in 1914 made the original Ellis Island a true enclave within New Jersey. • (main part of city), • Ulugbek 334.8 Tashkent Tashkent Province , • (includes Khanabad and others) Tashkent Province (Zangiata District) Tashkent

Each enclave listed in this section has a legal status equivalent to the one other entity that entirely surrounds it. None of the enclaves has a separate main region of which it is a part.

Some enclaves are sovereign states, completely surrounded by another one, and therefore not exclaves. Three such sovereign countries exist:

The same logic applies to many of the sub national enclaves listed immediately following. CountryArea (km2) Enclaved within Coordinates Notes 30,355 61.2 0.44 (Metropolitan City of Rome Capital – Rome)

Name Area (km2) Parent Country Enclaved within Coordinates Notes Australian Capital Territory 2358 New South Wales Vienna 414.65 Lower Austria Vienna was the capital of Lower Austria until 1922, when it became a province of its own. Between 1922 and 1986, Lower Austria did not have its own capital, and the province's administration had its seat in Vienna. Mingachevir 47 Yevlakh District Naftalan 3.57263 Goranboy District Shaki 9 Shaki District Khankendi/Stepanakert 29.12 Khojaly District/Askeran Province Yevlakh 95 Yevlakh District Brussels 161.38 Flemish Region (Flemish Brabant) Phnom Penh 678.46 Kandal Province Prague 496 Central Bohemian Region City serves as Region's capital Frederiksberg 8.7 Copenhagen Addis Ababa 527 Oromia Region (Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne) Harari Region 334 Oromia Region (East Hararghe Zone) Berlin 891.7 Brandenburg Budapest 525.2 Pest County City serves as County's capital. Almaty 682 Almaty Province Astana 710.2 Akmola Province Baikonur 57 Kyzylorda Province Bishkek 127 Chüy Region Daugavpils 72.48 Augšdaugava Municipality City serves as Municipality's capital Jelgava 60.56 Jelgava Municipality City serves as Municipality's capital Rēzekne 17.48 Rēzekne Municipality City serves as Municipality's capital Kuala Lumpur 243 Selangor Putrajaya 49 Selangor (Sepang District) Bamako 245 Koulikoro Region (Kati Cercle) Darkhan Uul Province 3275 Selenge Province Niamey 239.3 Tillabéri Region Taipei 271.8 New Taipei City Bucharest 228 Ilfov County Adygea 7600 Krasnodar Krai Gwangju 501.24 South Jeolla Province Damascus Governorate 1599 Rif Dimashq Governorate Dushanbe 124.6 Districts of Republican Subordination City serves as Region's capital Arima 12 Tunapuna–Piarco Kyiv 839 Kyiv Oblast City serves as Oblast's capital Amanat Al Asimah Governorate 126 Sana'a Governorate City of Sana'a serves as capital of both Governorates

An exclave must always be grouped with a main region of which it is a legal part. In the case of international waters, the main region consists of all international waters not in EEZs. All potential paths of travel from the exclave to its main region must cross one or more different administrative territorial regions having the equivalent legal level. Each exclave listed in this section borders on more than one other region.

NameArea (km2) Exclave of Coordinates Notes Nakhichivan Autonomous Republic 5,500 Bounded by Armenia, Iran, and Turkey Strovilia (de facto) Borders the British Sovereign Base Area (SBA) of Dhekelia and the de facto independent Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), which is unrecognised internationally. The TRNC has occupied and controlled the exclave; on 30 June 2000 the TRNC unilaterally absorbed it, despite United Nations condemnation and lack of recognition. Gulf of Fonseca outer tridominium ~190 Honduras, El Salvador and Nicaragua border the Gulf of Fonseca, a closed sea under international law. Each enjoys a 3 nautical mile littoral zone of sovereignty along its shores and islands in the gulf. The remaining water area in the gulf comprises a tridominium that is shared in common among all three nations. The littoral zones (territorial waters) abut each other in a way that forms two separate areas of tridominium waters in the gulf. The outer area opens directly to the Pacific Ocean and is separated from the inner area by the territorial waters of Salvadoran and Nicaraguan islets. The inner area is bordered by the waters of all three countries. The larger outer area is bordered only by the waters of El Salvador and Nicaragua and the closing line of the gulf, such that one cannot travel within the gulf from Honduras to the outer area except by passing through El Salvadoran and Nicaraguan waters. Therefore, the outer water area is an exclave of Honduras that is shared territorially with two other countries. All three nations are "entitled outside the closing line to territorial sea, continental shelf and exclusive economic zone. Whether this situation should remain in being or be replaced by a division and delimitation into three separate zones is, as inside the Gulf also, a matter for the three States to decide." "Banana Hole", High Seas ~310,000 Surrounded by the EEZs of Norway (including Svalbard), Faeroe Islands, Greenland, Jan Mayen (Norway) and Iceland "Eastern Gap", High Seas ~20,000 Surrounded by the EEZs of Mexico (EEZ defined by Cape Catoche and Scorpion Reef in the Gulf of Mexico), the United States (EEZ defined by Loggerhead Key and the Gulf coast) and Cuba (EEZ extends northwest from Cayo Ines de Soto)

In Canada: In Newfoundland and Labrador, the town of Petty Harbour–Maddox Cove is a semi enclave in the city of St. John's. In Japan, the village of Hiezu, Tottori is surrounded by the city of Yonago and Miho Bay (Sea of Japan). In the United States of America: In California, the city of Santa Monica borders the Pacific Ocean on one side and is otherwise completely surrounded by the city of Los Angeles.

Angola: Cabinda is bounded by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo and the Atlantic Ocean. Croatia: The southern portion of Dubrovnik Neretva County, including the historic city of Dubrovnik, is bounded by Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and the Adriatic Sea. Neum, Bosnia and Herzegovina's only sea access, is sandwiched between the two portions of this county. This semi exclave relies on national territorial waters as its only alternative connection to the rest of the country. It is accessible to Croatia's much larger region to the north by an 8 km road a short distance from and parallel to the Adriatic coastline, crossing Bosnia via Neum. The Pelješac Bridge, which opened July 2022, is a 2.3 km bridge to a Croatian peninsula that bypasses the Bosnian transit. Cyprus (de facto): The Greek Cypriot controlled portion of Famagusta District, along with the easternmost exclave of Larnaca District, together are a semi exclave, bounded by the U. N. buffer zone, Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area and the Mediterranean Sea. Equatorial Guinea: continental Río Muni is surrounded by Gabon, Cameroon and the Atlantic Ocean and can only be accessed from the capital by boat or plane. France: French Guiana (an Overseas Department), in South America, is bounded by Suriname, Brazil and the Atlantic Ocean. Russia: Kaliningrad Oblast is bounded by Lithuania, Poland and the Baltic Sea.

Sometimes land is ceded temporarily to another country as a form of legal fiction. Suite 212 at Claridges Hotel in London was ceded by the United Kingdom to Yugoslavia on 17 June 1945 to allow Crown Prince Alexander, whose parents were in exile, to be born on Yugoslav soil, though the story may be apocryphal, as there exists no documentary record of this. To establish jurisdiction, Camp Zeist, a former United States Air Force base in the Netherlands, was, in 2000, temporarily declared sovereign territory of the United Kingdom, in order to allow the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial to take place. In 1943, the maternity ward at the Ottawa Civic Hospital in Canada was temporarily extraterritorial so that Princess Juliana's daughter Princess Margriet would only have Dutch (by parents' nationality) and not dual nationality, because of her potential birth on Canadian soil. Dual nationality would have excluded her from the royal succession. In 1979, at Sender Zehlendorf, East Germany, an area of 300 metres in radius around a radio tower construction site was made an exclave of the Soviet Union. After a Soviet fighter plane had earlier collided with a radio transmission mast at the facility, causing it to collapse, the Soviet Union agreed to rebuild the mast. So that the stricter German safety regulations would not slow the construction progress, the area was declared a Soviet exclave for the duration of the work.

Crimea – after the 2014 invasion of the peninsula and a controversial referendum on the territory's ascension to the Russian Federation as the federal subjects of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol, Crimea became a de facto pene exclave of the country separated by both Ukraine and the Kerch Strait. Most countries still internationally recognise the peninsula as fully part of Ukraine. Palanca Marshes – potential Vennbahn type enclave of Moldova surrounded by Ukraine: Under a 2001 treaty between the two nations, Moldova is to transfer to Ukraine not only the asphalt (as it has already done), but also the real property under 7.7 kilometres of road (a portion of the 300 km road between Odesa and Reni), and to clarify the sovereignty of that land, which under that treaty is to be transferred to Ukraine.