Euonymus alatus

Species of plant

Euonymus alatus, known variously as winged spindle, winged euonymus, or burning bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae, native to central and northern China, Japan, and Korea. The common name "burning bush" refers to its bright red fall color. It is a popular ornamental plant in gardens and parks due to its bright pink or orange fruit and attractive fall color. The cultivars 'Compactus' and 'Fire Ball' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

This deciduous shrub grows to tall, often wider than tall. As with the related Euonymus phellomanus, the stems are notable for their four corky ridges or "wings". The word alatus (or alata, used formerly) is Latin for "winged," in reference to the winged branches. These structures develop from a cork cambium deposited in longitudinal grooves in the twigs' first year, unlike similar wings in other plants. The leaves are long and broad, ovate elliptic, with an acute apex. The flowers are greenish, borne over a long period in the spring. The fruit is a red aril enclosed by a four lobed pink, yellow, or orange capsule

All parts of the plant are toxic by ingestion, causing severe discomfort.

Euonymus alatus is native to northeastern Asia and China. In the United States, it was first introduced in the 1860s. Common names: burning bush, wing burning bush, winged euonymus, and winged spindle tree. Besides central and eastern China, Euonymus alatus also appears in Korea, Japan, and the island of Sakhalin in Russia. In its native areas, it occurs in forests, woodlands, and scrublands from sea level to 2712.72 m elevation. It is currently considered an invasive species in 21 states.

Generally cultivated for its ornamental qualities, attraction to wildlife, and ability to adapt to urban and suburban environments. Sales across the United States are in the tens of millions of dollars every year. Chemicals that have been isolated from this plant include flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, lignans, cardenolides, phenolic acids, and alkaloids. and its importation and sale is prohibited in the states of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, Pennsylvania, and Vermont. A new seedless cultivar, named FIRE BALL SEEDLESS (Euonymus alatus 'NCEA1') has been developed by Dr. Thomas Ranney of North Carolina State University at the Mountain Horticultural Crops Research Station in Mills River, North Carolina.