10 октября в истории: События и даты

the municipality in Cuba

19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to leave the province. 680 – The Battle of Karbala marks the martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali. 732 – Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France. 1471 – Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with the help of farmers and miners, repels an attack by King Christian I of Denmark. 1492 – The crew of Christopher Columbus's ship, the Santa Maria, attempt a mutiny. 1575 – Roman Catholic forces under Henry I, Duke of Guise, defeat the Protestants, capturing Philippe de Mornay among others. 1580 – Over 600 Papal troops land in Ireland to support the Second Desmond Rebellion.

1760 – In a treaty with the Dutch colonial authorities, the Ndyuka people of Suriname – descended from escaped slaves – gain territorial autonomy. 1780 – The Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000–30,000 in the Caribbean. 1814 – War of 1812: The United States Revenue Marine attempts to defend the cutter Eagle from the Royal Navy. 1845 – In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School (later the United States Naval Academy) opens with 50 students. 1846 – Triton, the largest moon of the planet Neptune, is discovered by English astronomer William Lassell. 1868 – The Ten Years' War begins against Spanish rule in Cuba.

1903 – The Women's Social and Political Union is founded in support of the enfranchisement of British women. 1911 – The day after a bomb explodes prematurely, the Wuchang Uprising begins against the Chinese monarchy. 1913 – U. S. President Woodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike, completing major construction on the Panama Canal. 1918 – RMS Leinster is torpedoed and sunk by UB 123, killing 564, the worst ever on the Irish Sea. 1920 – The Carinthian plebiscite determines that the larger part of the Duchy of Carinthia should remain part of Austria. 1928 – Chiang Kai shek becomes Chairman of the Republic of China. 1933 – A United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation. 1935 – In Greece, a coup d'état ends the Second Hellenic Republic. 1938 – Abiding by the Munich Agreement, Czechoslovakia completes its withdrawal from the Sudetenland. 1945 – The Double Tenth Agreement is signed by the Communist Party and the Kuomintang about the future of China. 1954 – The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Sultanate of Muscat, Neil Innes, sends a signal to the Sultanate's forces, accompanied with oil explorers, to penetrate Fahud, marking the beginning of Jebel Akhdar War. 1957 – U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower apologizes to Ghanaian finance minister Komla Agbeli Gbedemah after he is refused service in a Delaware restaurant. 1957 – The Windscale fire results in Britain's worst nuclear accident. 1963 – France cedes control of the Bizerte naval base to Tunisia. 1963 – The Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty comes into effect. 1964 – The Tokyo Summer Olympics opening ceremony is the first to be relayed live by satellites. 1967 – The Outer Space Treaty comes into force. 1969 – King Crimson releases their debut album, In the Court of the Crimson King. 1970 – Fiji becomes independent. 1970 – Canada's October Crisis escalates when Quebec Vice Premier Pierre Laporte is kidnapped by members of the Front de libération du Québec. 1971 – Aeroflot Flight 773 is destroyed by a bomb over Moscow Oblast, killing 25. 1973 – U. S. Vice President Spiro Agnew resigns after being charged with evasion of federal income tax. 1975 – Papua New Guinea joins the United Nations. 1979 – The Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant began operations in Eurajoki, Satakunta, Finland. 1980 – The 7.1 El Asnam earthquake shakes northern Algeria, killing 2,633 and injuring 8,369. 1980 – The Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front is founded in El Salvador. 1985 – US Navy aircraft intercept an Egyptian airliner carrying the perpetrators of the Achille Lauro hijacking, and force it to land in Italy. 1986 – A 5.7 San Salvador earthquake shakes El Salvador, killing 1,500. 1997 – Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 2553 crashes and explodes in Uruguay, killing 74. 1998 – A Lignes Aériennes Congolaises jetliner is shot down by rebels in Kindu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing 41 people. 2002 – Iraq War: The United States Congress approves the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002. 2007 – Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor becomes the first Malaysian in space on board Soyuz TMA 11. 2009 – Armenia and Turkey sign the Zurich Protocols, intended to normalize relations. However, they are never ratified by either side. 2010 – The Netherlands Antilles are dissolved as a country. 2015 – Twin bomb blasts in the Turkish capital Ankara kill 109 and injure 500+. 2018 – Hurricane Michael makes landfall in the Florida Panhandle as a catastrophic Category 5 hurricane. It kills 57 people in the United States, 45 in Florida, and causes an estimated $25.1 billion in damage. 2022 – Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig are jointly awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.

AD 19 – Tiberius Gemellus, Roman son of Drusus Julius Caesar and Livilla; adoptive son of the Emperor Caligula (d. 38)
786 – Saga, emperor of Japan (d. 842)
867 – Li Siyuan, Chinese emperor (d. 933)
1332 – King Charles II of Navarre (d. 1387)
1344 – Mary of Waltham, duchess of Brittany (d. 1361)
1355 – Zhu Biao, Chinese prince (d. 1392)
1421 – John Paston, English politician (d. 1466)
1486 – Charles III, Duke of Savoy (d. 1553)
1554 – Arnold III, Count of Bentheim Steinfurt Tecklenburg Limburg and Lord of Rheda (d. 1606)
1560 – Jacobus Arminius, Dutch theologian (d. 1609)
1567 – Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain (d. 1597)
1584 – Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke (d. 1649)
1599 – Étienne Moulinié, French composer and director (d. 1676)

1629 – Richard Towneley, English mathematician and astronomer (d. 1707)
1646 – Françoise Marguerite de Sévigné, French noblewoman (d. 1705)
1656 – Nicolas de Largillière, French painter and academic (d. 1746)
1669 – Johann Nicolaus Bach, German organist and composer (d. 1753)
1678 – John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish general and politician, Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland (d. 1743)
1684 – Jean Antoine Watteau, French painter (d. 1721)
1700 – Lambert Sigisbert Adam, French sculptor and illustrator (d. 1759)
1731 – Henry Cavendish, French English chemist, physicist, and philosopher (d. 1810)
1780 – John Abercrombie, Scottish physician and philosopher (d. 1844)
1794 – William Whiting Boardman, American judge and politician (d. 1871)
1810 – Alfred Kennerley, English Australian politician, 10th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1897)
1813 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer and philanthropist (d. 1901)
1819 – Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger, German theologian and author (d. 1883)
1825 – Paul Kruger, South African soldier and politician, 5th President of the South African Republic (d. 1904)
1828 – Samuel J. Randall, American captain, lawyer and politician, 33rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1890)
1830 – Isabella II of Spain (d. 1904)
1834 – Aleksis Kivi, Finnish author and playwright (d. 1872)
1837 – Robert Gould Shaw, American colonel (d. 1863)
1842 – Emily Dobson, Australian philanthropist (d. 1934)
1858 – Maurice Prendergast, American painter and academic (d. 1924)
1861 – Fridtjof Nansen, Norwegian explorer, scientist, and humanitarian, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1930)
1864 – T. Frank Appleby, American businessman and politician (d. 1924)
1870 – Louise Mack, Australian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1935)
1872 – Dionysios Kasdaglis, Egyptian Greek tennis player (d. 1931)
1877 – William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, English businessman and philanthropist, founded Morris Motors (d. 1963)
1884 – Nikolai Klyuev, Russian poet and author (d. 1937)
1884 – Ida Wüst, German actress and screenwriter (d. 1958)
1885 – Walter Anderson, Belarusian German ethnologist and academic (d. 1962)
1885 – Jean Peyrière, French actor (d. 1965)
1889 – Han van Meegeren, Dutch painter and forger (d. 1947)
1895 – Alfred Neuland, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1966)
1895 – Fridolf Rhudin, Swedish actor (d. 1935)
1895 – Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen, German field marshal (d. 1945)
1898 – Lilly Daché, French American fashion designer (d. 1989)
1900 – Helen Hayes, American actress (d. 1993)

1659 – Abel Tasman, Dutch merchant and explorer (b. 1603)
1691 – Isaac de Benserade, French author and poet (b. 1613)
1708 – David Gregory, Scottish mathematician and astronomer (b. 1659)
1714 – Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert, French economist and academic (b. 1646)
1720 – Antoine Coysevox, French sculptor (b. 1640)
1723 – William Cowper, 1st Earl Cowper, English lawyer and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1665)
1725 – Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil, French politician, Governor of New France (b. 1643)
1747 – John Potter, English archbishop and academic (b. 1674)
1759 – Granville Elliott, English general (b. 1713)
1765 – Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1688)
1795 – Francesco Antonio Zaccaria, Italian historian and theologian (b. 1714)
1800 – Gabriel Prosser, American rebel leader (b. 1776)
1806 – Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (b. 1772)
1827 – Ugo Foscolo, Italian author and poet (b. 1778)
1837 – Charles Fourier, French philosopher and academic (b. 1772)
1857 – George Washington Parke Custis, American author and playwright (b. 1781)
1872 – William H. Seward, American lawyer and politician, 24th United States Secretary of State (b. 1801)
1875 – Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Russian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1817)
1876 – Charles Joseph Sainte Claire Deville, French geologist and meteorologist (b. 1814)
1893 – Lip Pike, American baseball player and manager (b. 1845)

1901 – Lorenzo Snow, American religious leader, 5th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints (b. 1814)
1913 – Adolphus Busch, German American brewer and businessman, co founded Anheuser Busch (b. 1839)
1913 – Katsura Tarō, Japanese general and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1848)
1914 – Carol I of Romania (b. 1839)
1918 – Henry Dobson, Australian politician, 17th Premier of Tasmania (b. 1841)
1922 – Andreas Karkavitsas, Greek physician and author (b. 1866)
1923 – Andrés Avelino Cáceres, Peruvian general, President of Peru (b. 1836)
1927 – August Kitzberg, Estonian author and playwright (b. 1855)
1927 – Gustave Whitehead, German American pilot and engineer (b. 1874)
1930 – Adolf Engler, German botanist and academic (b. 1844)
1935 – Gustave Loiseau, French painter (b. 1865)
1940 – Berton Churchill, Canadian American actor and singer (b. 1876)
1942 – Arnold Majewski, Finnish military hero of Polish descent (killed in action) (b. 1892)
1948 – Ted Horn, American race car driver (b. 1910)
1949 – Chikuhei Nakajima, Japanese engineer, businessman, and politician, founded Nakajima Aircraft Company (b. 1884)
1953 – Erima Harvey Northcroft, New Zealand general, lawyer, and judge (b. 1884)
1957 – Karl Genzken, German physician (b. 1885)
1962 – Stancho Belkovski, Bulgarian Polish architect (b. 1891)
1963 – Roy Cazaly, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1893)
1963 – Édith Piaf, French singer songwriter and actress (b. 1915)
1964 – Eddie Cantor, American singer songwriter, dancer, and actor (b. 1892)
1964 – Heinrich Neuhaus, Ukrainian Russian pianist and educator (b. 1888)
1966 – Charlotte Cooper, English Scottish tennis player (b. 1870)
1966 – Louise Thuliez, French school teacher, resistance fighter during World War I and World War II and author (b. 1881)
1970 – Édouard Daladier, French captain and politician, 105th Prime Minister of France (b. 1884)
1971 – John Cawte Beaglehole, New Zealand historian and scholar (b. 1901)
1973 – Ludwig von Mises, Ukrainian American economist and sociologist (b. 1881)
1974 – Joseph Wulf, German Polish historian (b. 1912)
1976 – Silvana Armenulić, Bosnian singer and actress (b. 1939)
1976 – Mirsada Mirjana Bajraktarević, Bosnian singer songwriter (b. 1951)
1977 – Angelo Muscat, Maltese English actor (b. 1930)
1978 – Ralph Marterie, Italian American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1914)
1978 – Ralph Metcalfe, American sprinter and politician (b. 1910)
1979 – Christopher Evans, English psychologist, computer scientist, and author (b. 1931)
1979 – Paul Paray, French organist, composer, and conductor (b. 1886)
1982 – Jean Effel, French painter and journalist (b. 1908)
1983 – Ralph Richardson, English actor (b. 1902)
1985 – Yul Brynner, Russian actor (b. 1920)
1985 – Orson Welles, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
1986 – Gleb Wataghin, Ukrainian Italian physicist and academic (b. 1899)
1987 – Behice Boran, Turkish Marxist politician, author and sociologist (b. 1910)
1990 – Tom Murton, American penologist and activist (b. 1928)
1990 – Nikolaos Pavlopoulos, Greek sculptor and academic (b. 1909)
1991 – Nickolaus Hirschl, Austrian wrestler, discus thrower, and shot putter (b. 1906)
1997 – Michael J. S. Dewar, Indian born American theoretical chemist who developed the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model (b. 1918)
1998 – Clark Clifford, American captain, lawyer, and politician 9th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1906)
1998 – Marvin Gay Sr., American minister (b. 1914)
1998 – Tommy Quaid, Irish hurler and manager (b. 1957)
2000 – Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (b. 1916)
2001 – Eddie Futch, American boxer and trainer (b. 1911)
2001 – Vasily Mishin, Russian engineer (b. 1917)
2003 – Eila Hiltunen, Finnish sculptor (b. 1922)
2003 – Eugene Istomin, American pianist (b. 1925)
2004 – Ken Caminiti, American baseball player (b. 1963)
2004 – Christopher Reeve, American actor, producer, and activist (b. 1952)
2004 – Arthur H. Robinson, American geographer and cartographer (b. 1915)
2004 – Maurice Shadbolt, New Zealand author and playwright (b. 1932)
2005 – Wayne C. Booth, American educator and critic (b. 1921)
2005 – Milton Obote, Ugandan politician, 2nd President of Uganda (b. 1925)
2006 – Michael John Rogers, English ornithologist and academic (b. 1932)
2006 – Ian Scott, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1934)
2008 – Kazuyoshi Miura, Japanese businessman (b. 1947)
2009 – Stephen Gately, Irish singer songwriter, dancer, and actor (b. 1976)
2010 – Solomon Burke, American singer songwriter and preacher (b. 1940)
2010 – Joan Sutherland, Australian Swiss soprano and actress (b. 1926)
2011 – Jagjit Singh, Indian singer songwriter (b. 1941)
2012 – Sam Gibbons, American captain and politician (b. 1920)
2012 – Alex Karras, American football player, wrestler, and actor (b. 1935)
2012 – Piotr Lenartowicz, Polish philosopher and educator (b. 1934)
2012 – Basil L. Plumley, American sergeant (b. 1920)
2012 – Mark Poster, American philosopher and educator (b. 1941)
2012 – Kyaw Zaw, Burmese commander and politician (b. 1919)
2013 – Scott Carpenter, American commander, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1925)
2013 – Jay Conrad Levinson, American author and educator (b. 1933)
2013 – Sohei Miyashita, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister of Defense (b. 1927)
2013 – Cal Smith, American singer and guitarist (b. 1932)
2014 – Olav Dale, Norwegian saxophonist and composer (b. 1958)
2014 – Damiana Eugenio, Filipino author and academic (b. 1921)
2014 – Valeri Karpov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1971)
2014 – Lari Ketner, American football and basketball player (b. 1977)
2014 – Pavel Landovský, Czech actor, director, and playwright (b. 1936)
2014 – Ed Nimmervoll, Austrian Australian journalist, historian, and author (b. 1947)
2015 – Diepreye Alamieyeseigha, Nigerian politician, Governor of Bayelsa State (b. 1952)
2015 – Hilla Becher, German photographer and educator (b. 1934)
2015 – Manorama, Indian (Tamil) actress (b. 1937)
2015 – Steve Mackay, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1949)
2015 – Sybil Stockdale, American activist, co founded the National League of Families (b. 1924)
2016 – Donn Fendler, American author and speaker (b. 1926)
2021 – Abdul Qadeer Khan, Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgical scientist (b. 1936)
2022 – Mulayam Singh Yadav, Indian politician, 15th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (b. 1939)