Исторические события и даты: Хроника событий

768 – Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned kings of the Franks. 1238 – James I of Aragon founds the Kingdom of Valencia. 1410 – The first known mention of the Prague astronomical clock. 1446 – The Hangul alphabet is published in Korea. 1594 – Troops of the Portuguese Empire are defeated on Sri Lanka, bringing an end to the Campaign of Danture.

1604 – Kepler's Supernova is the most recent supernova to be observed within the Milky Way. 1635 – Roger Williams is banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony after religious and policy disagreements. 1701 – The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook. 1708 – Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya. 1740 – Dutch colonists and Javanese natives begin a massacre of the ethnic Chinese population in Batavia, eventually killing at least 10,000. 1760 – Seven Years' War: Russian and Austrian troops briefly occupy Berlin. 1790 – A severe earthquake in northern Algeria causes severe damage and a tsunami in the Mediterranean Sea and kills three thousand. 1799 – sinks with the loss of 240 men and a cargo worth £1,200,000. 1804 – Hobart, capital of Tasmania, is founded. 1806 – Prussia begins the War of the Fourth Coalition against France. 1812 – War of 1812: In a naval engagement on Lake Erie, American forces capture two British ships: and 1820 – Guayaquil declares independence from Spain. 1825 – Restauration arrives in New York Harbor from Norway, the first organized immigration from Norway to the United States. 1831 – Ioannis Kapodistrias, the first head of state of independent Greece, is assassinated. 1834 – Opening of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway, the first public railway on the island of Ireland. 1847 – Slavery is abolished in the Swedish colony of Saint Barthélemy. 1861 – American Civil War: Union troops repel a Confederate attempt to capture Fort Pickens at the Battle of Santa Rosa Island. 1864 – American Civil War: Union cavalrymen defeat Confederate forces at Toms Brook, Virginia. 1873 – A meeting at the U. S. Naval Academy establishes the U. S. Naval Institute. 1874 – The Universal Postal Union is created by the Treaty of Bern. 1900 – The Cook Islands become a territory of the United Kingdom.

1201 – Robert de Sorbon, French minister and theologian, founded the Collège de Sorbonne (d. 1274)
1221 – Salimbene di Adam, Italian historian and scholar (d. 1290)
1261 – Denis of Portugal (d. 1325)
1328 – Peter I of Cyprus (d. 1369)
1581 – Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, French mathematician, poet, and scholar (d. 1638)
1586 – Leopold V, Archduke of Austria (d. 1632)
1593 – Nicolaes Tulp, Dutch anatomist and politician (d. 1674)

1609 – Thomas Weston, 4th Earl of Portland, English noble (d. 1688)
1623 – Ferdinand Verbiest, Flemish Jesuit missionary in China (d. 1688)
1704 – Johann Andreas Segner, German mathematician, physicist, and physician (d. 1777)
1757 – Charles X of France (d. 1836)
1796 – Joseph Bonomi the Younger, British Egyptologist and sculptor (d. 1878)
1823 – Mary Ann Shadd, American Canadian abolitionist (d. 1893)
1826 – Agathon Meurman, Finnish politician and journalist (d. 1909)
1835 – Camille Saint Saëns, French composer and conductor (d. 1921)
1837 – Francis Wayland Parker, American theorist and academic (d. 1902)
1840 – Simeon Solomon, English painter (d. 1905)
1845 – Carl Gustav Thulin, Swedish shipowner (d. 1918)
1850 – Hermann von Ihering, German Brazilian zoologist (d. 1930)
1852 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
1858 – Mihajlo Pupin, Serbian American physicist and chemist (d. 1935)
1859 – Alfred Dreyfus, French colonel (d. 1935)
1863 – Edward Bok, Dutch American journalist and author (d. 1930)
1864 – Reginald Dyer, British brigadier general (d. 1927)
1871 – Georges Gauthier, Canadian archbishop (d. 1940)
1873 – Carl Flesch, Hungarian violinist and educator (d. 1944)
1873 – Karl Schwarzschild, German physicist and astronomer (d. 1916)
1873 – Charles Rudolph Walgreen, American pharmacist and businessman, founded Walgreens (d. 1939)
1874 – Nicholas Roerich, Russian archaeologist and painter (d. 1947)
1877 – Gopabandhu Das, Indian journalist, poet, and activist (d. 1928)
1879 – Max von Laue, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1960)
1880 – Charlie Faust, American baseball player (d. 1915)
1883 – Maria Filotti, Greek Romanian actress (d. 1956)
1886 – Rube Marquard, American baseball player and manager (d. 1980)
1888 – Nikolai Bukharin, Russian journalist and politician (d. 1938)
1888 – Irving Cummings, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1959)
1890 – Aimee Semple McPherson, Canadian American evangelist, founded the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel (d. 1944)
1892 – Ivo Andrić, Yugoslav novelist, poet, and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
1893 – Mário de Andrade, Brazilian author, poet, and photographer (d. 1945)
1895 – Eugene Bullard, American pilot (d. 1961)
1897 – M. Bhaktavatsalam, Indian lawyer and politician, 6th Chief Minister of Madras State (d. 1987)
1898 – Tawfiq al Hakim, Egyptian author and playwright (d. 1987)
1898 – Joe Sewell, American baseball player (d. 1990)
1899 – Bruce Catton, American historian and author (d. 1978)
1900 – Joseph Friedman, American inventor (d. 1982)
1900 – Alastair Sim, Scottish English actor and academic (d. 1976)
1900 – Joseph Zubin, Lithuanian American psychologist and academic (d. 1990)

1613 – Henry Constable, English poet (b. 1562)
1619 – Joseph Pardo, Italian rabbi and merchant (b. 1561)
1691 – William Sacheverell, English politician (b. 1638)
1729 – Richard Blackmore, English physician and poet (b. 1654)
1793 – Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, French missionary and linguist (b. 1718)
1797 – Vilna Gaon, Lithuanian rabbi and scholar (b. 1720)
1806 – Benjamin Banneker, American astronomer and surveyor (b. 1731)
1808 – John Claiborne, American lawyer and politician (b. 1777)
1831 – Ioannis Kapodistrias, Russian Greek lawyer and politician, Governor of Greece (b. 1776)
1873 – George Ormerod, English historian and author (b. 1785)
1897 – Jan Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1818)
1900 – Heinrich von Herzogenberg, Austrian composer and conductor (b. 1843)

1911 – Jack Daniel, American businessman, founded Jack Daniel's (b. 1849)
1924 – Valery Bryusov, Russian author, poet, and critic (b. 1873)
1934 – Alexander I of Yugoslavia, King of Yugoslavia also known as Alexander the Unifier (b. 1888)
1934 – Louis Barthou, French union leader and politician, 78th Prime Minister of France (b. 1862)
1937 – Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (b. 1868)
1940 – Wilfred Grenfell, English American physician and missionary (b. 1865)
1941 – Helen Morgan, American singer and actress (b. 1900)
1943 – Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
1944 – Stefanina Moro, Italian partisan (b. 1927)
1945 – Gottlieb Hering, German captain (b. 1887)
1946 – Frank Castleman, American football player, baseball player, and coach (b. 1877)
1947 – Yukio Sakurauchi, Japanese businessman and politician, 27th Japanese Minister of Finance (b. 1888)
1950 – George Hainsworth, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (b. 1895)
1953 – James Finlayson, Scottish American actor (b. 1887)
1955 – Theodor Innitzer, Austrian cardinal (b. 1875)
1956 – Marie Doro, American actress (b. 1882)
1958 – Pope Pius XII (b. 1876)
1959 – Shirō Ishii, Japanese general and biologist (b. 1892)
1962 – Milan Vidmar, Slovenian chess player and engineer (b. 1885)
1967 – Che Guevara, Argentinian Cuban physician, politician and guerrilla leader (b. 1928)
1967 – Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
1967 – André Maurois, French soldier and author (b. 1885)
1967 – Joseph Pilates, German American fitness trainer, developed Pilates (b. 1883)
1969 – Don Hoak, American baseball player (b. 1928)
1972 – Miriam Hopkins, American actress (b. 1902)
1974 – Oskar Schindler, Czech German businessman (b. 1908)
1975 – Noon Meem Rashid, Pakistani poet (b. 1910)
1976 – Walter Warlimont, German general (b. 1894)
1978 – Jacques Brel, Belgian singer songwriter and actor (b. 1929)
1982 – Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt, German historian and physician (b. 1893)
1985 – Emílio Garrastazu Médici, Brazilian general and politician, 28th President of Brazil (b. 1905)
1987 – Clare Boothe Luce, American author, playwright, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Italy (b. 1903)
1987 – William P. Murphy, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
1988 – Felix Wankel, German engineer, invented the Wankel engine (b. 1902)
1989 – Yusuf Atılgan, Turkish author and playwright (b. 1921)
1989 – Penny Lernoux, American journalist and author (b. 1940)
1995 – Alec Douglas Home, British cricketer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1903)
1996 – Walter Kerr, American author, composer, and critic (b. 1913)
1999 – Milt Jackson, American vibraphone player and composer (b. 1923)
1999 – Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani economist and scholar (b. 1914)
2000 – David Dukes, American actor (b. 1945)
2000 – Patrick Anthony Porteous, Indian Scottish colonel, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1918)
2001 – Herbert Ross, American director, producer, and choreographer (b. 1927)
2002 – Sopubek Begaliev, Kyrgyzstani economist and politician (b. 1931)
2002 – Charles Guggenheim, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1924)
2003 – Carolyn Gold Heilbrun, American author and academic (b. 1926)
2003 – Carl Fontana, American jazz trombonist (b. 1928)
2004 – Jacques Derrida, Algerian French philosopher and academic (b. 1930)
2005 – Louis Nye, American actor (b. 1913)
2006 – Danièle Huillet, French filmmaker (b. 1933)
2006 – Paul Hunter, English snooker player (b. 1978)
2006 – Kanshi Ram, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1934)
2007 – Enrico Banducci, American businessman, founded hungry i (b. 1922)
2007 – Carol Bruce, American actress and singer (b. 1919)
2009 – Stuart M. Kaminsky, American author and educator (b. 1934)
2009 – John Daido Loori, American Zen Buddhist monastic and teacher (b. 1931)
2009 – Horst Szymaniak, German footballer (b. 1934)
2010 – Maurice Allais, French economist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
2011 – Pavel Karelin, Russian ski jumper (b. 1989)
2012 – Sammi Kane Kraft, American actress (b. 1992)
2012 – Kenny Rollins, American basketball player (b. 1923)
2012 – Harris Savides, American cinematographer (b. 1957)
2013 – Solomon Lar, Nigerian educator and politician, 4th Governor of Plateau State (b. 1933)
2013 – Srihari, Indian actor (b. 1964)
2013 – Wilfried Martens, Belgian lawyer and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1936)
2013 – Edmund Niziurski, Polish sociologist, lawyer, and author (b. 1925)
2014 – Boris Buzančić, Croatian actor and politician, 47th Mayor of Zagreb (b. 1929)
2014 – Jan Hooks, American actress and comedienne (b. 1957)
2014 – Carolyn Kizer, American poet and academic (b. 1925)
2014 – Peter A. Peyser, American soldier and politician (b. 1921)
2014 – Rita Shane, American soprano and educator (b. 1936)
2015 – Ray Duncan, American businessman (b. 1930)
2015 – Richard F. Heck, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1931)
2015 – Geoffrey Howe, Welsh lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1926)
2015 – Ravindra Jain, Indian composer and director (b. 1944)
2016 – Andrzej Wajda, Polish film and theatre director (b. 1926)
2017 – Jean Rochefort, French actor (b. 1930)