Интерактивная Система Производительности: ISPF для z/OS

Component of the z/OS operating system used for accessing filesystems
In computing, Interactive System Productivity Facility (ISPF) is a software product for many historic IBM mainframe operating systems and currently the z/OS and z/VM operating systems that run on IBM mainframes. It includes a screen editor, the user interface of which was emulated by some microcomputer editors sold commercially starting in the late 1980s, including SPF/PC. ISPF primarily provides an IBM 3270 terminal interface with a set of panels. Each panel may include menus and dialogs to run tools on the underlying environment, e. g., Time Sharing Option (TSO). Generally, these panels just provide a convenient interface to do tasks—most of them execute modules of IBM mainframe utility programs to do the actual work. ISPF is frequently used to manipulate z/OS data sets via its Program Development Facility (ISPF/PDF). ISPF is user extensible and it is often used as an application programming interface. Many vendors have created products for z/OS that use the ISPF interface. An early version was called Structured Programming Facility (SPF) and introduced in SVS and MVS systems in 1974. IBM chose the name because SPF was introduced about the same time as structured programming concepts. In 1979 IBM introduced a new version and a compatible product for CMS under Virtual Machine Facility/370 Release 5. In 1980 IBM changed its name to System Productivity Facility and offered a version for CMS under VM/SP. split off some facilities into Interactive System Productivity Facility/Program Development Facility (ISPF/PDF) and offered a version for VSE/AF. In 1984 IBM released ISPF Version 2 and ISPF/PDF Version 2; the VM versions allowed the user to select either the PDF editor or XEDIT. IBM eventually merged PDF back into the base product. ISPF can also be run from a z/OS batch job.

Underlying ISPF/PDF is an extensive set of tools that allow application developers to create panel driven applications, and a set of guidelines to promote consistent use of ISPF functions. A "panel" is a character based "window" which can encompass all or part of a 3270 session's screen real estate. See Text based user interfaces. Most mainframe software vendors used ISPF functions to create their applications, so their tools are similar in appearance and operation to ISPF. Similarly, many installations write their own informal tools that use ISPF services. ISPF services are generally available to any programmer in the shop, and can be used to write panels for either personal or shop wide use, writing in either compiled languages such as C, COBOL, PL/I, or interpreted languages such as CLIST and REXX. ISPF applications can be used to perform so called "file tailoring" functions, customisation of specially crafted JCL members called "skeletons", which can then be submitted as batch jobs to the mainframe.

ISPF is designed to be customized for each user (a fairly new concept in 1974, when it was introduced). Some of the customization is global and some is specific to an ISPF application. It supports a set of 24 function keys which, when pressed, execute commands. These are customizable: Each user can replace the default commands assigned to any key with his own preferred command (or series of commands). User settings are stored centrally, so that the user can logon from any terminal and that session will remember their previously chosen commands for each key. Most personal computers copied this, and have a set of 12 or 24 function keys. Even some defaults have endured: the F1 key triggers a "help" function on a large number of mainframe & PC programs. ISPF remembers each user's choices for such things as screen colors & layout, the location of the command line and scrolling preferences. It also remembers the last used data set names on each panel, so the next time the panel is used the names are already filled in. This is very convenient for mainframe programmers because they frequently work with the same files repeatedly.

Many of the early users of PCs were mainframe programmers or users, who were accustomed to and liked the ISPF panel system. This led several companies to create partial clones of ISPF that run on DOS, OS/2, Windows or Unix PC systems. In 1984 IBM introduced the EZ VU dialog manager for DOS PCs, and later OS/2. In 1991 Tritus, Inc introduced Tritus SPF (TSPF), a program to allow use of mainframe ISPF applications and edit macros written in REXX on DOS, OS/2 and Windows; the last release was 1.2.8 in 1994. Freeware ISPF style editors for Windows include SPF/SE and SPFlite. In 1994 IBM introduced a built in downloadable client program called the ISPF Workstation Agent (WSA) that can install and run on OS/2, Windows and selected UNIX workstations; the z/OS version of ISPF only includes WSA for Windows and selected UNIX workstations. WSA communicates directly with ISPF on z/OS and provides a point and click graphical user interface automatically. The ISPF Workstation Agent can be used to edit PC based files from the ISPF editor to take advantage of the editor's strengths.