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Введение
Метеорные потоки повторяются примерно в одни и те же даты каждый год. Они кажутся исходящими из определенной точки на небе, известной как радиант, и различаются по скорости, частоте и яркости метеоров. По состоянию на январь 2024 года известно 110 установленных метеорных потоков.
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Named meteor showers recur at approximately the same dates each year. They appear to radiate from a certain point in the sky, known as the radiant, and vary in the speed, frequency and brightness of the meteors. As of January 2024, there are 110 established meteor showers.
Таблица метеорных дождей
Даты указаны на 2024 год. Даты будут меняться из года в год из-за цикла високосных лет. В этот список входят метеорные потоки с радиантами как в северном, так и в южном полушариях. Наблюдается некоторое перекрытие, но в целом потоки, радианты которых имеют положительные склонения, лучше всего видны из северного полушария, а потоки с отрицательными склонениями – из южного.
Dates are given for 2024. The dates will vary from year to year due to the leap year cycle. This list includes showers with radiants in both the northern and southern hemispheres. There is some overlap, but generally showers whose radiants have positive declinations are best seen from the northern hemisphere, and those with negative declinations are best observed from the southern hemisphere. NameDates(as of 2024)Peak(as of 2024)Solar longitude(λ☉°)RA(hours)Dec(degrees)Ventry(km/s)ZHRratingparent bodyAntihelion Source 10 Dec – 20 Sep multiple varies varies 30 4 medium N/A (various comets)Quadrantids 28 Dec – 12 Jan 4 Jan 283.15 15.3 +49 41 110 bright (196256) 2003 EH1 ?Gamma Ursae Minorids 10 Jan – 22 Jan 19 Jan 298 15.2 +67 31 3 medium undiscovered (short period)Alpha Centaurids 31 Jan – 20 Feb 9 Feb 319.2 14.0 −59 58 6 bright undiscoveredLyrids 14 Apr – 30 Apr 22 Apr 32.32 18.1 +34 49 18 bright C/1861 G1 (Thatcher)Pi Puppids 15 Apr – 28 Apr 23 Apr 33.5 7.3 −45 18 variable bright 26P/Grigg–SkjellerupEta Aquariids 19 Apr – 28 May 5 May 45.5 22.5 −1 66 50 bright 1P/HalleyEta Lyrids 3 May – 14 May 10 May 50.0 19.4 +43 43 3 medium C/1983 H1 (IRAS Araki Alcock)Daytime Arietids 14 May – 24 Jun 7 Jun 76.6 2.9 +24 38 30 medium 1566 Icarus ?June Bootids 22 Jun – 2 Jul 27 Jun 95.7 14.9 +48 18 variable bright 7P/Pons WinneckeJuly Pegasids 4 Jul – 14 Jul 10 Jul 107.5 22.7 +15 61 5 medium C/1979 Y1 (Bradfield)Piscis Austrinids 15 Jul – 10 Aug 28 Jul 125 22.7 −25 35 5 faint undiscovered (short period,probably disintegrated)July Gamma Draconids 25 Jul – 31 Jul 28 Jul 125.3 18.7 +51 27 5 medium Southern Delta Aquariids 12 Jul – 23 Aug 31 Jul 127 22.7 −16 41 25 bright P/2008 Y12 (SOHO)Alpha Capricornids 3 Jul – 15 Aug 31 Jul 127 20.5 −10 23 5 bright 169P/NEATEta Eridanids 31 Jul – 19 Aug 8 Aug 135.0 2.7 −11 64 3 medium Perseids 17 Jul – 24 Aug 12 Aug 140.0 3.2 +58 59 100 bright 109P/Swift TuttleKappa Cygnids 3 Aug – 28 Aug 17 Aug 144 19.1 +59 23 3 medium undiscovered (possiblyrelated to 2002 GJ8)Aurigids 28 Aug – 5 Sep 31 Aug 158.6 6.1 +39 66 6 bright C/1911 N1 (Kiess)September Epsilon Perseids 5 Sep – 21 Sep 9 Sep 166.7 3.2 +40 64 5 medium undiscovered (moderate period)Daytime Sextantids 9 Sep – 9 Oct 27 Sep 184.3 10.1 0 32 5 bright (155140) 2005 UDOctober Camelopardalids 5 Oct – 6 Oct 5 Oct 192.58 10.9 +79 47 5 bright undiscovered (long period)Draconids 6 Oct – 10 Oct 8 Oct 195.4 17.5 +54 20 10 medium 21P/Giacobini ZinnerDelta Aurigids 10 Oct – 18 Oct 11 Oct 198 5.6 +44 64 2 medium undiscovered (moderate period)Epsilon Geminids 14 Oct – 27 Oct 18 Oct 205 6.8 +27 70 3 medium C/1964 N1 (Ikeya)Orionids 2 Oct – 7 Nov 21 Oct 208 6.3 +16 66 20 bright 1P/HalleyLeonis Minorids 19 Oct – 27 Oct 24 Oct 211 10.8 +37 62 2 medium C/1739 K1Southern Taurids 20 Sep – 20 Nov 5 Nov 223 3.5 +15 27 7 bright 2P/EnckeNorthern Taurids 20 Oct – 10 Dec 12 Nov 230 3.9 +22 29 5 bright 2004 TG10Leonids 6 Nov – 30 Nov 17 Nov 235.27 10.1 +22 71 10 bright 55P/Tempel–TuttleAlpha Monocerotids 15 Nov – 25 Nov 21 Nov 239.32 7.8 +1 65 variable bright undiscovered (long period)November Orionids 13 Nov – 6 Dec 28 Nov 246 6.1 +16 44 3 medium undiscovered (moderate period,probably disintegrated)Phoenicids 28 Nov – 9 Dec 1 Dec 250.0 1.2 −53 18 variable medium 289P/BlanpainPuppid Velids 1 Dec – 15 Dec multiple 255 8.2 −45 40 10 medium undiscoveredMonocerotids 5 Dec – 20 Dec 9 Dec 257 6.7 +8 41 3 medium C/1917 F1 (Mellish)Sigma Hydrids 3 Dec – 20 Dec 9 Dec 257 8.3 +2 58 7 medium possibly C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)Geminids 4 Dec – 20 Dec 14 Dec 262.2 7.5 +33 35 150 medium 3200 PhaethonComae Berenicids 5 Dec – 4 Feb 16 Dec 264 10.5 +30 64 3 medium undiscovered (moderate period)Ursids 17 Dec – 26 Dec 22 Dec 270.7 14.5 +76 33 10 medium 8P/Tuttle
Dates are given for 2024. The dates will vary from year to year due to the leap year cycle. This list includes showers with radiants in both the northern and southern hemispheres. There is some overlap, but generally showers whose radiants have positive declinations are best seen from the northern hemisphere, and those with negative declinations are best observed from the southern hemisphere. NameDates(as of 2024)Peak(as of 2024)Solar longitude(λ☉°)RA(hours)Dec(degrees)Ventry(km/s)ZHRratingparent bodyAntihelion Source 10 Dec – 20 Sep multiple varies varies 30 4 medium N/A (various comets)Quadrantids 28 Dec – 12 Jan 4 Jan 283.15 15.3 +49 41 110 bright (196256) 2003 EH1 ?Gamma Ursae Minorids 10 Jan – 22 Jan 19 Jan 298 15.2 +67 31 3 medium undiscovered (short period)Alpha Centaurids 31 Jan – 20 Feb 9 Feb 319.2 14.0 −59 58 6 bright undiscoveredLyrids 14 Apr – 30 Apr 22 Apr 32.32 18.1 +34 49 18 bright C/1861 G1 (Thatcher)Pi Puppids 15 Apr – 28 Apr 23 Apr 33.5 7.3 −45 18 variable bright 26P/Grigg–SkjellerupEta Aquariids 19 Apr – 28 May 5 May 45.5 22.5 −1 66 50 bright 1P/HalleyEta Lyrids 3 May – 14 May 10 May 50.0 19.4 +43 43 3 medium C/1983 H1 (IRAS Araki Alcock)Daytime Arietids 14 May – 24 Jun 7 Jun 76.6 2.9 +24 38 30 medium 1566 Icarus ?June Bootids 22 Jun – 2 Jul 27 Jun 95.7 14.9 +48 18 variable bright 7P/Pons WinneckeJuly Pegasids 4 Jul – 14 Jul 10 Jul 107.5 22.7 +15 61 5 medium C/1979 Y1 (Bradfield)Piscis Austrinids 15 Jul – 10 Aug 28 Jul 125 22.7 −25 35 5 faint undiscovered (short period,probably disintegrated)July Gamma Draconids 25 Jul – 31 Jul 28 Jul 125.3 18.7 +51 27 5 medium Southern Delta Aquariids 12 Jul – 23 Aug 31 Jul 127 22.7 −16 41 25 bright P/2008 Y12 (SOHO)Alpha Capricornids 3 Jul – 15 Aug 31 Jul 127 20.5 −10 23 5 bright 169P/NEATEta Eridanids 31 Jul – 19 Aug 8 Aug 135.0 2.7 −11 64 3 medium Perseids 17 Jul – 24 Aug 12 Aug 140.0 3.2 +58 59 100 bright 109P/Swift TuttleKappa Cygnids 3 Aug – 28 Aug 17 Aug 144 19.1 +59 23 3 medium undiscovered (possiblyrelated to 2002 GJ8)Aurigids 28 Aug – 5 Sep 31 Aug 158.6 6.1 +39 66 6 bright C/1911 N1 (Kiess)September Epsilon Perseids 5 Sep – 21 Sep 9 Sep 166.7 3.2 +40 64 5 medium undiscovered (moderate period)Daytime Sextantids 9 Sep – 9 Oct 27 Sep 184.3 10.1 0 32 5 bright (155140) 2005 UDOctober Camelopardalids 5 Oct – 6 Oct 5 Oct 192.58 10.9 +79 47 5 bright undiscovered (long period)Draconids 6 Oct – 10 Oct 8 Oct 195.4 17.5 +54 20 10 medium 21P/Giacobini ZinnerDelta Aurigids 10 Oct – 18 Oct 11 Oct 198 5.6 +44 64 2 medium undiscovered (moderate period)Epsilon Geminids 14 Oct – 27 Oct 18 Oct 205 6.8 +27 70 3 medium C/1964 N1 (Ikeya)Orionids 2 Oct – 7 Nov 21 Oct 208 6.3 +16 66 20 bright 1P/HalleyLeonis Minorids 19 Oct – 27 Oct 24 Oct 211 10.8 +37 62 2 medium C/1739 K1Southern Taurids 20 Sep – 20 Nov 5 Nov 223 3.5 +15 27 7 bright 2P/EnckeNorthern Taurids 20 Oct – 10 Dec 12 Nov 230 3.9 +22 29 5 bright 2004 TG10Leonids 6 Nov – 30 Nov 17 Nov 235.27 10.1 +22 71 10 bright 55P/Tempel–TuttleAlpha Monocerotids 15 Nov – 25 Nov 21 Nov 239.32 7.8 +1 65 variable bright undiscovered (long period)November Orionids 13 Nov – 6 Dec 28 Nov 246 6.1 +16 44 3 medium undiscovered (moderate period,probably disintegrated)Phoenicids 28 Nov – 9 Dec 1 Dec 250.0 1.2 −53 18 variable medium 289P/BlanpainPuppid Velids 1 Dec – 15 Dec multiple 255 8.2 −45 40 10 medium undiscoveredMonocerotids 5 Dec – 20 Dec 9 Dec 257 6.7 +8 41 3 medium C/1917 F1 (Mellish)Sigma Hydrids 3 Dec – 20 Dec 9 Dec 257 8.3 +2 58 7 medium possibly C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)Geminids 4 Dec – 20 Dec 14 Dec 262.2 7.5 +33 35 150 medium 3200 PhaethonComae Berenicids 5 Dec – 4 Feb 16 Dec 264 10.5 +30 64 3 medium undiscovered (moderate period)Ursids 17 Dec – 26 Dec 22 Dec 270.7 14.5 +76 33 10 medium 8P/Tuttle