Энсино: История и современность района Лос-Анджелеса

Encino (Spanish for "oak") is a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California.

The name Encino is the Spanish language word for "oak." The Spanish name reflects the original Tongva language name for the village of Siutcanga, which can be translated to "the place of the oaks."

In 1769, the Spanish Portolá expedition, first Europeans to see inland areas of California, traveled north through Sepulveda Pass into the San Fernando Valley on August 5 and stayed two nights at the Tongva village of Siutcanga ("the place of the oaks") near what is now Los Encinos State Historic Park. All of Crespi's name was later dropped except "Encino". Rancho Los Encinos (Ranch of Holm Oaks) was established in 1845 when a large parcel of former Mission San Fernando land was granted to three Mission Indians by governor Pio Pico. Many ranchos were created after the secularization of the California missions, which began in 1834. Encino derives its name from the rancho.

The 2000 U. S. census counted 41,905 residents in the 9.5 square miles (25 km2) Encino neighborhood — , among the lowest population densities for the city but average for the county. In 2008, the city estimated that the resident population had increased to 44,581. The neighborhood demographic breakdown was whites, 80.1%; Latinos, 8.5%; Asians, 4.9%; blacks, 2.4%; and others, 4.1%. Iran (30.1%) and Russia (6.4%) were the most common places of birth for the 32.8% of the residents who were born abroad—an average percentage for Los Angeles.

The local economy provides jobs primarily in health care (including one of two Encino Tarzana Regional Medical Center hospitals), social services, and professional services (accounting and financial services, real estate, and legal) sectors. There are approximately 3,800 businesses employing about 27,000 people at an annual payroll of $1.4 billion.

Encino is in Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors district 3 and Los Angeles City Council District 4. It is also represented within the city of Los Angeles by the Encino Neighborhood Council, an advisory body. The United States Postal Service operates the Encino Post Office at 5805 White Oak Avenue and the Balboa Van Nuys Post Office at 4930 Balboa Boulevard.

Balboa Station is located at 6338 Balboa Avenue on the Metro G Line. The Encino Park and Ride with 160 spaces is located at 5174 Hayvenhurst Avenue, which provides weekday connections to/from Downtown Los Angeles, LAX, Pasadena, Thousand Oaks and other locations via various LADOT commuter buses.

By 2000, forty six percent of Encino residents aged 25 and older had earned a four year degree, a high percentage for both the city and the county. The percentage of those residents with a master's degree or higher was also high for the county.

California State Parks operates the Los Encinos State Historic Park in Encino. The park includes the original nine room de la Ossa Adobe, the Garnier Building, a blacksmith shop, a pond, and a natural spring. The Sepulveda Dam Recreation Area, located in Encino, includes the Woodley Worel/Magnus Cricket Complex. Also included in the basin is the Encino Golf Course and the Balboa Golf Course. The Balboa Sports Complex in Encino includes a lighted baseball diamond, lighted outdoor basketball courts, a children's play area, a community room, a lighted football field, a lighted handball court, an indoor gymnasium without weights and with a capacity for 400 people, an unlighted soccer field, lighted tennis courts which can be used as Pickleball courts, and lighted volleyball courts. The Sepulveda Basin Off leash Dog Park is a dog park in Encino. The dog park has of leash free dog area, a small dog area, an on leash picnic area, 100 parking spots, and public telephones. The Sepulveda Garden Center, a community garden area in Encino, has about of land and 420 garden plots.

The Encino Velodrome has provided an outdoor oval bicycle racing track since 1961. Los Encinos State Historic Park features historic buildings, a small museum, and picnic grounds. In 2009 it faced closure due to California's budget crisis. The Park remains open today. is a large area with multiple golf courses, tennis courts, soccer fields, baseball diamonds, bike paths, and a lake bordered by about 2,000 Pink Cloud cherry trees that blossom in the spring. Encino Park was founded around 1937 and has a playground, as well as basketball courts and two lighted tennis courts. For over a millennium, the area known as Encino was the home of a massive California live oak known as the Encino Oak Tree. It is possible that Encino is named because of this particular tree. (Encino is the Spanish word for "evergreen" or "holm oak.") It was known for its size and longevity. The tree died on February 7, 1998, after an El Niño storm felled it. Today there is a monument to the tree at the corner of Ventura Boulevard and Louise Avenue where the Encino Oak once stood.

Johnson, Clarence L.; Smith, Maggie (1985). More than My Share of It All. Smithsonian Institution.