Құстардың Шалшықтар Туысы

Genus of birds
the taxonomic genus incorporating leeches

The bird genus Hirundo is a group of passerines in the family Hirundinidae (swallows and martins). The genus name is Latin for a swallow. These are the typical swallows, including the widespread barn swallow. Many of this group have blue backs, red on the face and sometimes the rump or nape, and whitish or rufous underparts. With fifteen species this genus is the largest in its family.

The genus Hirundo was introduced in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae. The genus name is the Latin word for a swallow. Linnaeus included eight species in the genus and of these William Swainson designated the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) as the type species.

The genus contains fifteen species. The linear sequence is based on two molecular phylogenetic studies published in 2005 and 2018. Image Common name Scientific name DistributionBlack and rufous swallowHirundo nigrorufaAngola, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia. Blue swallowHirundo atrocaeruleafrom South Africa to TanzaniaPied winged swallowHirundo leucosomaBenin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo. White tailed swallowHirundo megaensisOromia, Ethiopia. Pearl breasted swallowHirundo dimidiatasouthern Africa from Angola, southern Congo and Tanzania southwards. Pacific swallowHirundo tahiticasouthern Asia and the islands of the south Pacific. Hill swallowHirundo domicolasouthern India and Sri Lanka. Welcome swallowHirundo neoxenaAustralia and nearby islandsWhite throated swallowHirundo albigularissouthern Africa from Angola and Zambia southwards to the Cape in South Africa. Wire tailed swallowHirundo smithiisouthern Africa and southeastern Asia. White bibbed swallowHirundo nigritaAngola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Uganda. Barn swallow Hirundo rusticaNorth and South America, most of Africa aside from the Sahara Desert, most of Eurasia aside from the northern Siberia, and northern Australia. Angola swallow Hirundo angolensis Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. Red chested swallow Hirundo lucida West Africa, the Congo Basin and Ethiopia. Ethiopian swallow Hirundo aethiopicaBenin to Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Israel, Kenya, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda

All of the species are found in the Old World, although one, the barn swallow, is cosmopolitan, also occurring in the Americas.