1566 жылғы Венгрия шайқасы: Зриньи мен Сүлейман арасындағы соғыс

1566 battle in Hungary during the Ottoman–Habsburg wars

Kingdom of Croatia
Kingdom of Hungary
| combatant2 = Ottoman Empire
Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
| commander1 = Nikola IV Zrinski
| commander2 = Suleiman I # Sokollu Mehmed Pasha
| strength1 = 2,300–3,000
600 able bodied men by the end of the siege
| strength2 = 100,000
80,000 Ottomans
12,000–15,000 Tatars
300 cannons
| casualties1 = Whole army killed;
Zrinski is killed in the final battle. Almost entire garrison wiped out. 2,300–3,000 killed in combat. | casualties2 = Heavy;
Suleiman dies in his tent before the final assault. 20,000 The battle was fought between the defending forces of the Habsburg monarchy under the leadership of Nikola IV Zrinski (, Zrínyi Miklós), former Ban of Croatia, and the invading Ottoman army under the nominal command of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent ( Süleymān). there were heavy losses on both sides. Both commanders died during the battle Zrinski in the final charge and Suleiman in his tent from natural causes. Although the Ottomans were victorious, the siege stopped the Ottoman push to Vienna that year. Vienna was not threatened again until the Battle of Vienna in 1683.

On 29 August 1526 the forces of the Kingdom of Hungary led by King Louis II were defeated at the Battle of Mohács by Ottoman forces led by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. Louis died in the battle which resulted in the end of the independent Kingdom of Hungary, as he died without an heir. Both Hungary and Croatia became disputed territories with claims from both the Habsburg and Ottoman empires. Ferdinand I from the House of Habsburg, brother of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, married the sister of Louis II and was elected King by the nobles of both Hungary and Croatia. On 1 January 1527, the Croatian nobles convened the Parliament at Cetin and unanimously elected Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria as their king, and confirmed the succession to him and his heirs. In return for the throne, Archduke Ferdinand promised to respect the historic rights, freedoms, laws, and customs the Croats had when united with the Hungarian kingdom and to defend Croatia from Ottoman invasion. The throne of Hungary became the subject of a dynastic dispute between Ferdinand and John Zápolya from Transylvania. Suleiman had promised to make Zápolya the ruler of all Hungary. Ferdinand set out to enforce his claim on Hungary and captured Buda from John Zápolya in 1527, only to relinquish his hold on it in 1529 when an Ottoman counter attack stripped Ferdinand of all his territorial gains during 1527 and 1528. leading to a peace treaty between Ferdinand and Suleiman. John Zápolya was recognized as the King of Hungary by the Habsburgs, although as an Ottoman vassal. John Zápolya died in 1540 and was succeeded by his infant son John II Sigismund Zápolya. For much of his reign, the country was governed by his mother Isabella Jagiellon, with continued support from Suleiman. John II remained the nominal King of Hungary until he abdicated in 1570 and returned the country to Habsburg rule. He was 72 years old and, although having gout to the extent that he was carried on a litter, he nominally commanded his thirteenth military campaign. In his early life he distinguished himself in the Siege of Vienna and pursued a successful military career.

The advanced guard of the Turks arrived on 2 August 1566 and the defenders made several successful sorties causing considerable loss to the Turks. Count Zrinski found himself besieged by a hostile army of at least 150,000 soldiers with powerful artillery. primarily Count Gašpar Alapić and lieutenants Miklouš Kobak, Petar Patačić, and Vuk Paprutović. The majority of the defenders were Croatian, with a significant Hungarian contingent represented in both the men at arms and the leadership. The siege began on 6 August when Suleiman ordered a general assault on the ramparts, Count Zrinski did not reply and continued to fight. The fall of the castle appeared inevitable but the Ottoman high command hesitated. On 6 September Suleiman died in his tent. His death was kept secret at great effort, with only the Sultan's innermost circle knowing of his demise. or to new Sultan Selim II, but eventually, the head was buried by son Juraj IV Zrinski, Boldizsár Batthyány, and Ferenc Tahy in September 1566 at the Pauline monastery in Sveta Jelena, Šenkovec, Croatia. The Vizier Ibrahim's life was saved by one of Zrinski's household who warned him of the trap when the Vizier and his troops searched for treasure and interrogated the survivors. While inquiring about the treasure the prisoner replied that it had been long expended, but that 3,000 lbs of powder were under their feet to which a slow match had been attached.

Almost all of Zrinski's garrison was wiped out after the final battle. The prolonged resistance at Szigeth delayed the Ottoman push to Vienna. An agreement ending the war between the Austrian and Ottoman empires was reached on 17 February 1568, after five months of negotiations with Sokollu Mehmed Pasha (also known as Mehmed paša Sokolović, being originally from Bosnia). His work was posthumously published in 1584 in Venice. The battle was also immortalized in the Hungarian epic poem Szigeti Veszedelem ("Peril of Sziget"), written in fifteen parts by Zrinski's great grandson Nicholas VII of Zrin (also a Ban of Croatia) in 1647 and published in 1651. The Turks are portrayed as human beings and a love story between Deliman the Tatar and the Sultan's daughter Cumilla is interwoven into the main plot. His poem Odiljenje sigetsko ("The Sziget Farewell"), first published in 1684, reminisces about the event without rancour or crying for revenge. Zrinski is depicted in the plot as a 16th century Croatian hero who defeated the Turks a couple of times before perishing sacrificially, along with his family and close supporters, in the siege of Szigeth castle. The opera is patriotic with a famous aria "U boj, u boj".