Чехиядағы либерализмның тарихы мен қазіргі жағдайы

This article gives an overview of liberalism in the Czech Republic. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ denotes another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme it is not necessary that parties label themselves as a liberal party.

When liberalism started in the Czech lands, they were member states of Austria Hungary. Liberals in the region started as part of the conservative nationalist National Party (Národní strana) or Old Czechs, but from 1874 they formed their own party: the National Liberal Party (Národní strana svobodomyslná), also known as the Young Czechs. Czech liberals usually do not call themselves liberals, but prefer labels such as progressive or even national socialist (which has nothing to do with the German variant).

The liberal movement is currently unsuccessful in this country. Liberal parties are small or in decline and are unable to cooperate. They were unsuccessful at the 2004 European elections. At these elections the European Democrats (Evropští demokraté) proved to be a liberal alternative, but it joined the EPP.

1874: Liberals in Bohemia seceded from the National Party and formed the National Liberal Party. 1889: A faction of the National Party joined the National Liberal Party. 1897: The ⇒ Radical Progressive Party seceded from the party. 1899: The ⇒ Czech State Rights Radical Party seceded from the party. 1900: A faction seceded as the ⇒ Czech People's Party. 1918: The party merged with the ⇒ Czech State Rights Radical Party, the National Party and others into the mainly conservative Czech State Rights Democrats (Česká státoprávní demokracie), renamed in 1919 as the Czechoslovak National Democracy (Československá národní demokracie). 1924: Allies of president Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk left the party to form the ⇒ National Labour Party. 1934: After the party developed into a national conservative party, it joined the National Unification (Národní sjedonocení).

1898: National minded social democrats and left wing liberals formed the Czech National Social Party (Česká strana národně sociální). 1918: The party was reorganized into the Czech Socialist Party (Česká socialistická strana), from 1919 the Czechoslovak Socialist Party (Československá socialistická strana). 1926: The party absorbed the liberal ⇒ National Labour Party and was renamed the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party (Československá národně socialistická strana). 1948: The party continued as a satellite party of the communists under the name Czechoslovak Socialist Party (Československá strana socialistická). It regained a democratic profile in 1990, after the fall of the Communist regime. 1993: The party was renamed the Liberal National Social Party (Liberální strana národně sociální), but didn't play a role anymore. 1995: The party merged with the ⇒ Free Democrats into the ⇒ Free Democrats Liberal National Social Party. Shortly before the merger a conservative faction seceded as the Civic National Movement (Občanské národní hnutí)
1997: After failure in 1996 elections, the Free Democrats left the party and it was renamed again into Czech National Social Party.

1991: Liberals inside the general democratic Civic Forum (Občanské fórum) formed the Civic Movement (Občanské hnutí). The movement largely failed in elections. 1993: The party was renamed into the Free Democrats (Svobodní demokraté). 1995: After another failure in elections the party merged with the ⇒ Liberal National Social Party into the Free Democrats Liberal National Social Party (Svobodní Demokraté Liberální strana národně sociální). 1997: After failure in 1996 elections, the Free Democrats left the party and in 1998 formed the Party for the Open Society (Strana pro otevřenou společnost).