СаяPlanetалық миссиялар тізімі (Sayaplanetyq missiyalar tizimi)

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a list of all planetary missions, including orbiters and flybys

This is a list of all spacecraft landings on other planets and bodies in the Solar System, including soft landings and both intended and unintended hard impacts. The list includes orbiters that were intentionally crashed, but not orbiters which later crashed in an unplanned manner due to orbital decay. Colour key:
{|
|
| – Unsuccessful soft landing, intentional hard landing, or mission still in progress. |
| – Successful soft landing with intelligible data return. The tannish hue indicates extraterrestrial soil. |
| – Successful soft landing, intelligible data return, and sample return to Earth. The greenish hue indicates terrestrial return. |
| – Successful soft landing, data/voice/video communication, sample return to Earth, and safe astronaut landing and return to Earth. |}

MissionCountry/AgencyDate of landing/impactCoordinatesNotesMESSENGER United States 30 April 2015 Probably around 54.4° N, 149.9° W, near the crater Janáček Intentionally crashed at end of mission.

MissionCountry/AgencyDate of landing/impactCoordinatesNotesVenera 3 USSR 1 March 1966 Probably around 20° to 20° N, 60° to 80° E First impact on the surface of another planet. Contact lost before atmospheric entry. Venera 4 USSR 23 October 1967 Estimated near
Crushed by atmospheric pressure before impact. Venera 5 USSR 16 May 1969 Atmospheric probe; crushed by atmospheric pressure before impact. Venera 6 USSR 17 May 1969 Atmospheric probe; crushed by atmospheric pressure before impact. Venera 7 USSR 15 December 1970 First successful soft landing on another planet; transmitted from surface for 23 minutes. The spacecraft definitively confirmed that humans cannot survive on the surface of Venus, and excluded the possibility of any liquid water on Venus. Venera 8 USSR 22 July 1972 Within 150 km radius of Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 50 minutes. Venera 9 lander USSR 22 October 1975 Within a 150 km radius of Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 53 minutes. First pictures from surface. Venera 10 lander USSR 25 October 1975 Within a 150 km radius of Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 65 minutes. Pioneer Venus Multiprobe USA9 December 1978 Day Probe Survived impact and continued to transmit from the surface for 67 minutes. Night Probe 28.7°S 56.7°ESurvived impact and continued to transmit from the surface for 2 seconds. Venera 14 lander USSR 5 March 1982 Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 57 minutes. Vega 1 lander USSR 11 June 1985 Soft landing; some instruments failed to return data. Vega 2 lander USSR 15 June 1985 Soft landing; transmitted from surface for 57 minutes.

MissionCountry/AgencyDate of landing/impactCoordinatesNotes Mars 2 lander USSR 27 November 1971 First man made object on Mars. No contact after crash landing. Mars 3 lander USSR 2 December 1971 First soft landing on Mars. Transmission began about 90 seconds after landing. Transmitted a partial image for 14.5 seconds before the signal was lost. Mars 6 lander USSR 12 March 1974 Contact lost at landing. Viking 1 lander USA 20 July 1976 Successful soft landing. First to send images in color, as well as to perform in situ biological experiments with the Martian soil. Viking 2 lander USA 3 September 1976 Successful soft landing. Mars Pathfinder and Sojourner rover USA 4 July 1997 First airbag landing on Mars and first Mars rover. Mars Polar Lander and two penetrators Deep Space 2 USA 3 December 1999 Contact lost prior to landing. Beagle 2 UK/ ESA 25 December 2003 Successful soft landing. No contact due to solar "petals" not deploying fully, blocking antenna. MER A Spirit USA 3 January 2004 Mars rover. Contact lost 22 March 2010. MER B Opportunity USA 25 January 2004 Mars rover. Contact lost 10 June 2018. Phoenix USA 25 May 2008 Successful soft landing in the north polar region. Mars Science Laboratory (Curiosity) USA 6 August 2012 Mars rover. Landed in Gale Crater. ExoMars Schiaparelli EDM lander ESA RFSA 19 October 2016 Contact lost after entry and parachute deployment, but before planned landing. Hard impact on the surface. InSight USA26 November 2018 Successful soft landing. Mars 2020 Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter USA18 February 2021Mars rover and helicopter. Successful soft landing in Jezero Crater. Helicopter deployed from rover on 3 April 2021. Tianwen 1 lander and Zhurong rover China14 May 2021Successful soft landing in Utopia Planitia. Zhurong rover deployed on 22 May 2021.

Jupiter is a gas giant with a very large atmospheric pressure and internal temperature and thus there is no known hard surface on which to "land". All missions listed here are impacts on Jupiter. Mission Country/Agency Date of landing/impact Notes Galileo atmospheric probe 7 December 1995 Atmospheric probe of Jupiter. Galileo 21 September 2003 Main craft was intentionally directed at Jupiter and disintegrated in Jovian atmosphere.

Mission Country/Agency Date of landing/impact Coordinates NotesLuna 2 USSR 13 September 1959 Intentional hard impact. Ranger 4 USA 26 April 1962 Unintentional hard impact; hit lunar far side due to failure of navigation system. Ranger 6 USA 2 February 1964 Intentional hard impact. Ranger 7 USA 31 July 1964 Intentional hard impact. Ranger 8 USA 20 February 1965 Intentional hard impact. Ranger 9 USA 24 March 1965 Intentional hard impact. Luna 5 USSR 12 May 1965 Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon. Luna 7 USSR 7 October 1965 Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon. Luna 8 USSR 6 December 1965 Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon. Luna 9 USSR 3 February 1966 First successful soft landing; first pictures from the surface. Surveyor 1 USA 2 June 1966 Soft landing. Surveyor 2 USA 23 September 1966 Unsuccessful attempt at soft landing; crashed into Moon. Lunar Orbiter 1 USA 29 October 1966 Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission. Luna 13 USSR 24 December 1966 Soft landing. Surveyor 3 USA 20 April 1967 Soft landing. First lander visited by a later crewed mission (Apollo 12) that even brought its components. Surveyor 4 USA 17 July 1967 Contact lost on descent. Surveyor 5 USA 11 September 1967 Soft landing. Surveyor 6 USA 10 November 1967 Soft landing. Surveyor 7 USA 10 January 1968 Soft landing. Apollo 11 USA 20 July 1969 First crewed landing on an extraterrestrial body. Luna 15 USSR 21 July 1969 Possible attempted sample return; crashed into Moon. Not a crewed mission. Apollo 12 USA 18 November 1969 Crewed mission. Apollo 13 USA 14 April 1970 S IVB stage crashed for seismic research (rocket stages from some other Apollo missions that successfully landed were also crashed in this manner) Luna 16 USSR 20 September 1970 First successful robotic sample return. Luna 17/Lunokhod 1 USSR 17 November 1970 Robotic lunar rover. Apollo 14 USA 5 February 1971 Crewed mission. Apollo 15 USA 30 July 1971 Crewed mission; lunar rover. Luna 18 USSR 11 September 1971 Failed attempt at sample return; probable crash landing. Luna 20 USSR 21 February 1972 Robotic sample return. Apollo 16 USA 21 April 1972 Crewed mission; lunar rover. Apollo 17 USA 7 December 1972 Crewed mission; lunar rover. Last crewed landing on extraterrestrial bodies to date. Luna 21/Lunokhod 2 USSR 8 January 1973 Robotic lunar rover. Luna 23 USSR 6 November 1974 Failed attempt at sample return; damaged on landing. Operated for 3 days on the surface. Luna 24 USSR 18 August 1976 Robotic sample return. Hiten Japan 10 April 1993 Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission. Lunar Prospector USA 31 July 1999 Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed into polar crater at end of mission to test for liberation of water vapour (not detected). SMART 1 ESA 3 September 2006 Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission. Chandrayaan 1 Moon Impact Probe 14 November 2008 Impactor. Water found. SELENE Rstar (Okina) 12 February 2009 Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission. Chang'e 1 1 March 2009 Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission. Kaguya 10 June 2009 Lunar orbiter, intentionally crashed at end of mission. LCROSS (Centaur) 9 October 2009 Impactors. Water confirmed. LCROSS (Shepherding Spacecraft) Chang'e 3 14 December 2013 First soft landing on the Moon since 1976, lunar rover. Chang'e 4 3 January 2019 First soft landing on the far side of the Moon, lunar rover. Beresheet 11 April 2019 Israeli lunar lander crash landed on the Moon. Chandrayaan 2 8 September 2019 First attempt to land near the Moon's south pole; lost contact at 2.1 km and crashed. Chang'e 51 December 2020First lunar sample return mission by China. Sample successfully returned to Earth on 16 December 2020.7 December 2020Intentional impact of ascent stage after delivering sample to orbiter. Hakuto R Mission 1 Japan 25 April 2023Unsuccessful attempt; contact was lost before landing alongside the lander being crash landed. Luna 25 19 August 2023 Unsuccessful attempt; crashed on lunar surface after failure during lunar orbit insertion. Chandrayaan 3 23 August 2023 Soft landing. First Indian soft landing. First soft landing in the south pole region of the Moon. Lunar rover. Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) 19 January 2024 Soft landing. First Japanese soft landing. Two lunar rovers. IM 1 Odysseus 22 February 2024 First successful soft landing by a commercial lander (Nova C lander made by Intuitive Machines). Chang'e 6June 2024 (planned)First far side lunar sample return mission by China. Sample will be returned to Earth in June 2024. June 2024 (planned)Intentional impact of ascent stage will be conducted after delivering sample to orbiter.

Body Mission Country/Agency Date of landing/impact Coordinates NotesEros NEAR Shoemaker USA 12 February 2001 Designed as an orbiter, but an improvised landing was carried out on completion of the main mission. Transmission from the surface continued for about 16 days. Itokawa Hayabusa 19 November 2005 Accidentally stayed for 30 min. 25 November 2005 Stayed for 1 sec. Sample return (very small amount of dust successfully returned to Earth). Ryugu Hayabusa2 Japan 21 September 2018 MINERVA II Rover 1A and Rover 1B, deployed successfully and returned data from the surface. France / Germany 3 October 2018 MASCOT rover, deployed successfully and returned data from the surface. Japan 21 February 2019 Hayabusa2 first touchdown. Successfully collected sample from the surface. Sample returned to Earth on 5 December 2020. 5 April 2019 Small Carry on Impactor (SCI), fired at surface to create a crater from which to sample sub surface materialApril 2019Deployable Camera 3, photographed the impact created by the Small carry on Impactor. Presumed to have fallen on the asteroid. 11 July 2019 Hayabusa2 second touchdown. Successfully collected sub surface material sample from the crater created by the SCI. Sample returned to Earth on 5 December 2020. October 2019 MINERVA II Rover 2, failed before deployment, so it was released in orbit around the asteroid to perform gravitational measurements before it impacted a few days later. BennuOSIRIS REx USA20 October 202056°N 43°EOSIRIS REx touchdown, collected sample from surface. Sample returned to Earth on 24 September 2023DimorphosDouble Asteroid Redirection Test USA 26 September 2022 Intentional hard impact. First Solar System body intentionally deviated (slightly) of its orbit.

Body Mission Country/Agency Date of landing/impact Coordinates NotesComet 9P/Tempel 1 Deep Impact USA 4 July 2005 Impactor. Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko Rosetta ESA 12 November 2014 Philae lander. Successful soft landing, but anchors misfired and Philae bounced multiple times before coming to rest. Philae transmitted briefly but could not maintain power due to its awkward landing. 29 September 2016 The Rosetta orbiter was intentionally crashed into the comet.