Қар кристалдарын фотоға түсірген фотограф: Уилсон Бентли

American photographer known for photographing snowflakes

Wilson Alwyn Bentley (February 9, 1865 – December 23, 1931), also known as Snowflake Bentley, was an American meteorologist and photographer, who was the first known person to take detailed photographs of snowflakes and record their features. He perfected a process of catching flakes on black velvet in such a way that their images could be captured before they either melted or sublimated, and elaborated the theory that no two snowflakes are alike. Kenneth G. Libbrecht notes that the techniques used by Bentley to photograph snowflakes are essentially the same as those used today, and that while the quality of his photographs reflects the technical limitations of the equipment of the era, "he did it so well that hardly anybody bothered to photograph snowflakes for almost 100 years". The broadest collection of Bentley's photographs is held by the Jericho Historical Society in his home town, Jericho, Vermont. Bentley donated his collection of original glass plate photomicrographs of snow crystals to the Buffalo Museum of Science. A portion of this collection has been digitized and organized into a digital library.

Bentley was born on February 9, 1865, in Jericho, Vermont. He first became interested in snow crystals as a teenager on his family farm. “Always, right from the beginning it was the snowflakes that fascinated me most,” he said. “The farm folks up in this country dread the winter, but I was supremely happy.” He tried to draw what he saw through an old microscope given to him by his mother when he was fifteen. He captured more than 5,000 images of crystals in his lifetime. Each crystal was caught on a blackboard and transferred rapidly to a microscope slide. Even at subzero temperatures, snowflakes are ephemeral because they sublimate. Despite these poetic descriptions, Bentley brought an empirical method to his work. Bentley also photographed all forms of ice and natural water formations including clouds and fog. He was the first American to record raindrop sizes, and was one of the first cloud physicists. He died of pneumonia, which he may have contracted while walking home in the snow, at his farm on December 23, 1931. At the Fairbanks Museum and Planetarium, a noted meteorological observation center in St. Johnsbury, Vermont, there is an exhibit about atmospheric ice crystal formation featuring several of Bentley’s photos and a short biography. Bentley was a friend of naturalist, industrialist, and collector Franklin Fairbanks. Photomicrographs using Bentley's technique of a 19th century collection of 19 glass plate negatives of snowflakes held by the Geology Department of the Field Museum in Chicago have been assembled into a field guide by the museum.

Blanchard, Duncan. The Snowflake Man, A Biography of Wilson A. Bentley, (Blacksburg, VA: McDonald and Woodward, 1998) Martin, Jacqueline Briggs. Snowflake Bentley, (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998) (a children's biography illustrated with woodcuts hand tinted with watercolors by Mary Azarian. Awarded the Caldecott Medal.) Stoddard, Gloria May. Snowflake Bentley: Man of Science, Man of God (Shelburne, VT: New England Press, 1985) (Originally published in 1979 by Concordia Publishing House, ).