Ақкеудекті изумруд құсының сипаттамасы

Species of hummingbird

The white chested emerald (Chrysuronia brevirostris) is a hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Brazil, the Guianas, Trinidad, and Venezuela.

The white chested emerald's taxonomic history is complex. The species was previously known in succession as Amazilia chionopectus, Agyrtria brevirostris, and Amazilia brevirostris. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Amazilia was polyphyletic. In the revised classification to create monophyletic genera, the white chested emerald was moved by most taxonomic systems to Chrysuronia. However, BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World retains it in Amazilia. Subspecies C. b. chionopectus is significantly larger than the other two subspecies but has the same plumage as the nominate. C. b. orienticola is similar to the nominate but has darker, more bronze colored, upperparts and flanks.

The nominate subspecies of white chested emerald is the most widespread. It is found in eastern Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and extreme northern Brazil's Roraima state. C. b. chionopectus occurs only on Trinidad and C. b. orienticola only in coastal French Guiana. The species inhabits a variety of landscapes including rainforest; semi deciduous, gallery, and secondary forests; scrublands; savanna; and some cultivated areas. C. b. chionopectus favors more open landscapes including cacao plantations. There are very few specimens or sightings of C. b. orienticola, and all are from coastal areas.

Most populations of white chested emerald are thought to be sedentary but data are lacking.

The white chested emerald forages for nectar at a variety of flowering plants and trees; species in at least nine families are known to be sources. In addition to nectar it feeds on insects captured by hawking from a perch or by gleaning from vegetation.

The white chested emerald's breeding season includes at least December to April. It makes a cup nest of plant fibers with lichen on the outside and typically places it on a horizontal branch between above the ground. The female incubates the clutch of two eggs but the period is not known; fledging occurs about 20 days after hatch.

The white chested emerald's song is variable but always "nasal and squeaky". Some typical phrases are described as "tsri lee tsri lee tsri lee", "tee tink tink tink tsee tink tee tink tink tink tsee tink ", or "teee tjitjitjitjitji teee tjitjitjitjitji ".

The IUCN has assessed the white chested emerald as being of Least Concern. It has a large range but its population size and trend are not known. It is one of the most common hummingbirds on Trinidad, but the mainland population has not been well studied and its abundance across its distribution is not known. C. b. orienticola is hardly known and appears to be very rare.