Электр және дизельдік қуатта жұмыс істейтін локомотивтер

Railway locomotive capable of running either under electrical or diesel power

An electro diesel locomotive (also referred to as a dual mode or bi mode locomotive) is a type of locomotive that can be powered either from an electricity supply (like an electric locomotive) or by using the onboard diesel engine (like a diesel electric locomotive). For the most part, these locomotives are built to serve regional, niche markets with a very specific purpose.

Electro diesel locomotives are used to provide continuous journeys along routes that are only partly electrified without a change of locomotive, avoid extensive running of diesel under overhead electrical wires and giving a solution where diesel engines are banned. They may be designed or adapted mainly for electric use, mainly for diesel use or to work well as either electric or diesel. Note that, as well as the electric multiple unit (EMU) and diesel multiple unit (DMU), where no discrete locomotive is present, an electro diesel (bi mode) multiple unit train is called electro diesel multiple unit (EDMU) or bi mode multiple unit (BMU).

This is effectively an electric locomotive with a relatively small auxiliary diesel prime mover intended only for low speed or short distance operation (e. g. British Rail Class 73). Some of these, such as the British Rail Class 74, were converted from electric locomotives. The Southern Region of British Railways used these locomotives to cross non electrified gaps and to haul boat trains that used tramways at the ports of Southampton and Weymouth. For economy, the diesel engine and its generator are considerably smaller than the electric capacity. The Southern types were of or 'Type 3' rating as electrics, but only as diesels. Later classes had as much as on electric power, but still the same diesel engines. Despite this large difference, their comparable tractive efforts were much closer (around three quarters as diesels) and so they could start and work equally heavy trains as diesels, but not to the same speeds. From 2010, in continental Europe, the name "Last mile diesel" was getting popular. These are electric locomotives with a small diesel engine of truck type, used in low speed, low gear, for operation at small flat freight yards, eliminating the need for a shunter locomotive.

This is effectively a diesel locomotive with auxiliary electric motors (or connections to the existing traction motors), usually operating from 750 V DC third rail where non electric traction is banned (e. g. EMD FL9, GE Genesis P32AC DM, EMD DM30AC). The primary function for these models is to provide a "one seat ride" (a rail trip that doesn't require a transfer to a different train) between the electrified and non electrified sections of a rail system or to allow trains to run through tunnels or other segments of track where diesel locomotives are generally prohibited due to their production of exhaust; such locomotives are used for certain trains servicing the New York City terminals of Grand Central Terminal and Penn Station, as the various rail tunnels into Manhattan have exhaust restrictions. Once out of the tunnels, the engines are started and operation is as a normal diesel locomotive.

With modern electronics, it is much easier to construct (or adapt) an electro diesel locomotive or multiple unit which is equally at home running at high speeds both "under the wires" and under diesel power (e. g. British Rail Class 88, Bombardier ALP 45DP). These will normally operate under pure electric traction where possible, and use the diesel engines to extend the journeys along non electrified sections which would not be cost effective to electrify. They may also be used on long cross country routes to take advantage of shorter sections of electrified main lines.

ETG, an experimental electro diesel shunter converted at Tbilisi locomotive depot in 1967 from AMG5 diesel hydraulic shunting locomotive (manufactured by Gratz, Austria) by replacing its diesel prime mover with less powerful diesel engine and two electric motors from VL22m locomotive. The locomotive operated for several years and was withdrawn in the 1970s.

Pesa 111Ed Gama Marathon – mainly electric, with auxiliary diesel engine enabling last mile operation on non electrified tracks. Gama Marathon was first presented in 2012 at InnoTrans Berlin. The locomotive then underwent a series of tests with rail operators Lotos Kolej (in goods traffic) and PKP Intercity (in passenger traffic), after successful conclusion it was offered on the market. In July 2015 the Polish train operating company Locomotiv bought the prototype and signed order for further two Marathons. Newag Dragon – version of this electric freight locomotive for the Freightliner's Polish branch, Freightliner PL Sp. z o. o. (five units delivered in 2016) is equipped with auxiliary diesel engine. Newag Griffin – a version of this electric freight locomotive, leased to Lotos Kolej in 2017 for 7 years with a provision to extend the lease, is equipped with auxiliary diesel engine.

FEVE 1.900 Series, 1500 V DC overhead wires. This series is a rebuild of FEVE 1.000 Series locomotive. Euskotren TD2000 series, 1500 V DC overhead wires. This is a new construction locomotive. Built by CFD Bagnères and Ingeteam. CAF Bitrac 3600, 3000 V DC overhead wires. October 2007 order for nine freight Co Co locomotives. Available in Bo Bo and Co Co wheel configuration, gauge, and as freight or passenger versions of maximum speeds respectively. Power cars for RENFE Class 730, by Talgo.

Bombardier ALP 45DP – 20 locomotives ordered for the Mascouche line (Exo) in a joint order with NJ Transit.

The South African Class 38 000 is a 3 kV DC electro diesel locomotive designed by Consortium under the leadership of Siemens and built by Union Carriage and Wagon (UCW) in Nigel, Gauteng, South Africa. Between November 1992 and 1993 fifty of these locomotives were placed in service by Spoornet, formerly the South African Railways (SAR) and later renamed Transnet Freight Rail (TFR). The diesel engine enables the locomotive to shunt on unelectrified sidings.

The Indian Railways WDAP 5 is a class of Electro diesel locomotive that was developed in 2019 by Banaras Locomotive Works (BLW), Varanasi for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), Diesel (D), AC Current (A), Passenger (P) and 5000 Horsepower(5). The locomotive can deliver 5000HP in electric mode and 4500HP in diesel mode. Since 2016, Indian Railways has pushed for greater electrification of the railway network. In this interest, the government approved plans for 100% electrification in 2019. So far Indian Railways has electrified 39,866 RKMs which accounts for about 63% of the total route kilometres. Using electric locomotives allows the railways to save time by giving a faster acceleration and also saves fuel costs. However, these advantages are offset under certain circumstances where the route of the train is partly electrified. In such cases, trains used to run with a diesel locomotive in non electrified sections and would be switched with an electric locomotive as soon as they enter an electrified section. Instead of the benefits of electrification, Railways observed a loss of punctuality in such trains due to valuable time being lost to switch between diesel and electric locomotives. To counter this, in August 2019, Railways issued a circular, asking all zones to haul trains with a diesel locomotive if their route was not completely electrified. This meant that electrification of railway lines, unless completed end to end, did not provide any advantage. This problem had been identified by the Railways, way back in 2016, which is when RDSO was requested to study the feasibility of dual mode locomotives as a stop gap until 100% electrification was achieved.

A specialized type of electro diesel locomotive is the hybrid locomotive. Here, the electricity comes from a battery charged by the diesel engine rather than from an external supply. An example is the Green Goat switcher GG20B by Railpower Technologies, a subsidiary of R. J. Corman Railroad Group since 2009.