Тақургаон ауданының тарихы мен атының шығуы

Thakurgaon (, Thakurgaon Jela also Thakurgaon Zila) is a district in northwestern Bangladesh. It is part of the Rangpur Division and borders India to the west. It was established as a mahakuma in 1860 consisting of 6 thanas named Thakurgaon sadar, Baliadangi, Pirganj, Ranishankail, Haripur and Ruhia. In 1947, it was re established as a mahakuma including 3 thanas of Jalpaiguri and a thana of kochbihar of India. In 1981, Atoari was included in the new Panchagarh district and the area was shrunk in just 5 thanas. It was established as a district on 1 February 1984.

While there was no concrete evidence that Thakurgaon was once named Nishchintapur, assumptions were made based on the similarity between the names. The mausoleum and the name Nukchintapur were considered as potential references to Thakurgaon's earlier name, Nischintinpur. Yet, confirmation came when historical maps from the 17th century depicted two distinct locations: Atitkurgaon and Nishchintpur. Nishchintpur was positioned at the eastern end of Tanganni and partly on the west side of the Tangan river in the north west. Thakurgaon was situated from the 4th to the 4th, indicating that the name of Thakurgaon's sadar was originally Nishchinpura at the eastern end of the Tangan river. Over time, Nishchinpura evolved into Thakurgaon, encompassing the entire subdivision initially known as Thathakuranga and later adopting the identity of the district. Historical records reveal that the current district headquarters of Thakurgaon has its roots in a location 8 kilometers north of Akecha Union, where two brothers named Narayan Chakraborty and Satish Chakraborti resided. Known for their wealth and influence, the locals referred to their house as Thakurbari. Chakrabarti house eventually lent its name to the area, transitioning from Thakurbari to Thakurgaon. Recognizing the need for a police station, the Chakrabarti brothers sought approval from the British government, leading to the establishment of a police station in the early 1800s, named Thakurgaon thana. Subsequently, the thana was relocated to the Tangon river due to various reasons, and in 1860, Thakurgaon subdivision was formed with 10 thanas. The district, officially named Thakurgaon with five thanas, was marked on the map of Bangladesh on February 1, 1984. Despite its recent establishment as a district, the region boasts an ancient history and cultural significance.

During British rule Thakurgaon was a tehsil (a district subdivision). In 1947 at the time of the Partition of India, Thakurgaon Subdivision became part of the newly established Dinajpur District of East Bengal. In 1984 Thakurgaon subdivision was split off Dinajpur and became a separate district (i. e. Thakurgaon District). Before 1879 Thakurgaon District was ruled by Maithil Brahmin and Thakurs like Bikhash Jha, Barun Thakur and Vidhenesh Roy. Until 1947 Thakurgaon district had a just Hindu majority population of 52%. Most people believe Thakurgaon district has got its name from Barun Thakur. During the British period in 1800, a Tagore family initiative led to the formation of Thangur, Shuk, Kulik, Patharaj, and Dhapa widows near the present municipality area. This gave rise to the Thakurgaon Thana, named after these entities. In 1860, it was declared as a sub division with six police stations. In 1947, Thakurgaon became a subdivision, absorbing 10 thanas from Jalpaiguri district and one from Kotwihar. However, in 1981, Thakurgaon's geographical boundaries changed, resulting in five thanas in a separate Panchagarh district.

The ethnographic makeup of the Thakurgaon district population shares similarities with the broader characteristics of Bangladesh. However, due to the diverse composition of this township's population, a multitude of ethno characteristics are evident. Notably, the district hosts significant numbers of the three main language groups in the Indian subcontinent: Indo European, Dravidian, and Munda. Additionally, a considerable population belonging to the 'Bodo' language group has established itself in the district. The demographic landscape of Thakurgaon encompasses Hindu and Muslim majorities, along with communities such as Santal, Munda, Onrao, Koch, Polia, Rajvanshi, Ho, Mahto, Malo, Kukamar, Hari, Bhuiyan, Gangkhu, among others. The ethnographic foundation of Thakurgaon district is shaped by the amalgamation of these diverse groups. The populations of Bangladesh exhibit varied physical traits, including long mouths, broad noses, and fall into three main categories: Longmund, Long and Middle Nasa, Egypto Asiatic or Melanid, and specifically Golmund, Advanced Nasa, Alpine or Eastern Brachyd.

The area of Thakurgaon is Thakurgaon is in the north west corner of Bangladesh, it is about 467 km from Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. It is surrounded by Dinajpur district on its south, Panchagarh district to the east and India on its west and north sides, it is a part of the Himalayan plain land. Highest average temperature of this district is 33.5 °C and lowest average is 10.05 °C.

Religious and cultural diversity in Thakurgaon is evident through a variety of festivals celebrated by the Muslim and Hindu communities. Muslims observe ceremonies such as Eid al Fitr, Eid al Azha, Miladunnabi, Muharram (Ashura), and Shab e Barat. Meanwhile, Hindus partake in numerous pujas, including Durga Puja, Kali Puja, Lakshmi Puja, Bhiphunda, Saraswati Puja, Chadak Puja, Rasajatra, Doljatra, and Janmastami. Additionally, New Year celebrations, Nabanna, and Paush Sankranti are embraced by all communities. The Milad ceremony among Muslims marks auspicious beginnings and joyful news. Notably, significant occasions like Eid, Durgapuja, Laxmi Puja, Saraswati Puja witness the harmonious interaction between Hindus and Muslims, as both communities visit each other's courtrooms and extend invitations. Moreover, celebrations such as marriages, Akika, Khatna, birthdays, Annaprashan, and more are occasions where people from diverse religious backgrounds come together. Thakurgaon exemplifies a community where religion does not serve as a barrier. Beyond religious festivals, certain cultural practices have become ingrained in the local folk culture. Enjoying bread or rice in the evening, playing traditional musical instruments or participating in Tazia processions are not confined to specific religious festivals; instead, they have evolved to become integral parts of the region's cultural tapestry. On the occasion of the New Year, engaging in bird and fish hunting, sharing meals with fellow community members, consuming traditional foods like nuts and betel leaves, and partaking in cultural activities are common practices embraced by people of all backgrounds in Thakurgaon. There is a versatile practice of culture in the district; few festivals and cultural events are regularly arranged there. Alpona Sansad arranges Boishakhi Mela in every Bangla new year. Held "Eid Fair" at the occasion of Eid Ul Adha & Eid Ul Fitre every year at Thakurgaon Boro Matth also. Several drama clubs (Sapla Natto Gosty Estd.1974, Nischintopur Theater 1983 etc. ) practice and perform regularly and stage original and famous dramas every month. Dhamer Gaan is a unique traditional cultural invention of Thakurgaon people. The existing 10 tribes in this area enjoy their own heritage and cultural practices.