Дэвоншир Герцогинясы, Мэри Элис Кавендиш өмірі мен қызметі

British aristocrat and courtier (1895–1988)
the wife of the first duke

Mary Alice Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire, (; 29 July 1895 – 24 December 1988) was a British courtier who served as Mistress of the Robes to Queen Elizabeth II from 1953 to 1967. She was the granddaughter of Prime Minister Robert Gascoyne Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury.

She was born the Honourable Mary Alice Gascoyne Cecil in Hatfield, Hertfordshire on 29 July 1895. She was the second daughter of James Gascoyne Cecil, Viscount Cranborne, and Lady Cicely Alice Gore, who served as Extra Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Alexandra. Her maternal grandparents were Arthur Gore, 5th Earl of Arran and Lady Edith Jocelyn (daughter of Robert Jocelyn, Viscount Jocelyn and sister of Robert Jocelyn, 4th Earl of Roden). Her paternal grandparents were Robert Gascoyne Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury and the former Georgiana Alderson (eldest daughter of Sir Edward Hall Alderson, a Baron of the Exchequer). Her younger brother, Lord David Cecil, was a prominent biographer, historian and academic. The Duchess of Devonshire had an interest in Jacob sheep and kept a flock at Chatsworth House in Derbyshire. When a breed society, the Jacob Sheep Society, was formed in July 1969, she became its first president. From 1972 onwards, the society published a flock book.

On 21 April 1917, Lady Mary was married to Edward Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington. Edward was the eldest son of Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire and his wife, Evelyn Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (eldest daughter of Henry Petty Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne). In 1938, he succeeded his father as the 10th Duke of Devonshire. They had five children:
Andrew Robert Buxton Cavendish, 11th Duke of Devonshire (2 January 1920 – 3 May 2004). Married Deborah Mitford
Lady Mary Cavendish (1922–1922), who died in infancy. On 26 November 1950, her husband Edward Cavendish, 10th Duke of Devonshire, had a heart attack and died at Compton Place while being attended by John Bodkin Adams, the suspected serial killer. In the process of transferring his assets to his son, the death of the Duke fell 10 weeks prior to a required 5 year period, and his estate was subjected to taxes of 80%.

She was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1946 and a Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) in 1955. and is buried next to her husband in the churchyard at Edensor, Derbyshire, near Chatsworth.