Домендік аңдар (Domaindik ańdar)

Domain name suggesting a word or phrase

A domain hack is a domain name that suggests a word, phrase, or name when concatenating two or more adjacent levels of that domain. For example, and , using the fictitious country code domains ds and le, suggest the words birds and example respectively. In this context, the word hack denotes a clever trick (as in programming), not an exploit or break in (as in security). Domain hacks offer the ability to produce short domain names. This makes them potentially valuable as redirectors, pastebins, base domains from which to delegate subdomains and URL shortening services.

On November 23, 1992, was registered. In the 1990s, several hostnames ending in "pla. net" were active. The concept of spelling out a phrase with the parts of a hostname to form a domain hack became well established. On Friday, May 3, 2002, was registered to create Delicious would later gain control of the delicio. us domain, which had been parked since April 24, 2002, the day the us ccTLD (country code top level domain) was opened to second level registrations. Who. is is a whois lookup service, indicating the registered ownership information of a domain. It was established June 12, 2002 and registered to an address in Reykjavík, Iceland.

On January 14, 2004, the Christmas Island Internet Administration revoked cx domain registration for shock site goatse. cx, a domain which used "se. cx" to form the word "sex". The domain was originally registered in 1999. Similar names had been used for parody sites such as oralse. cx or analse. cx; in some cases, cz (Czech Republic) or kz (Kazakhstan) are substituted for cx. The term domain hack was coined by Matthew Doucette on November 3, 2004 to mean "an unconventional domain name that uses parts other than the SLD (second level domain) or third level domain to create the title of the domain name." Yahoo! acquired on June 14, 2005, and on December 9, 2005. On September 11, 2007, name servers for me were delegated by IANA to the Government of Montenegro, with a two year transition period for existing yu names to be transferred to me. One of the first steps taken in deploying me online was to create its. me as a domain space for personal sites. Many potential domain hacks, such as love. me and buy. me, were held back by the registry as premium names for later auction. One me domain hack example is
On December 15, 2009, Google launched its own URL shortener under the domain using the ccTLD of Greenland. YouTube subsequently launched using the ccTLD of Belgium. In 2015 Google used the domain hack abc. xyz for their newly launched Alphabet Inc. Working with Bit. ly, The New York Times launched an URL shortener in late 2009 under the domain using the ccTLD of Montserrat. The need to serve shorter URLs for Twitter was cited as a reason for the shortener. In March 2010, National Public Radio launched its own URL shortener under the domain using the ccTLD of Puerto Rico. The n. pr domain is currently used to link to an NPR story page by its ID and is one of the shortest possible domain hacks. In late 2010, Apple launched a URL shortener at the domain , using the ccTLD of Spain, in a similar move to Google's goo. gl. Unlike goo. gl, which was public and could be used for any web address, itun. es is used only for iTunes Ping URL shortening. Spotify also uses the URL Shortener , using the ccTLD of Finland, to link to artist, partners, playlists, albums and songs. Flickr uses for their URL shortening, using the ccTLD of South Korea. redirects to Taco Bell’s official website. In 2006, Red Bull GmbH registered the domain to use for shortened URLs.

In most cases, registration of these short domain names relies on the use of country code top level domains (ccTLDs), each of which has a unique two letter identifier. For example, makes use of the ccTLD gs (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands) to spell "blogs", makes use of the ccTLD st (São Tomé and Príncipe) to spell "fast", uses the ccTLD ne (Niger) to spell "everyone", makes use of the ccTLD am (Armenia) to spell the name of photo sharing service "Instagram", uses ccTLD us (United States) and sharing it for subdomains with free hosting, makes use of the ccTLD ws (West Samoa) to spell the name of Italian newspaper "Citynews", uses ccTLD ly (Libya) to spell "telly" (a popular British colloquial term for television), and some of Danbooru style imageboards that end their name with ' booru' suffix may use the ccTLD ru (Russia) to spell their own name. Many people use domain hacks for their name to serve their personal website. Some prominent examples include: (John Romero), (Melanie C), (Derek Sivers) and (Naval Ravikant). Domain hacking is not limited to singular words. For example, uses the ccTLD for Italy to write out "help me learn it". While there is technically no restriction, these domain hacks tend to limit themselves to using only ccTLDs that are words in and of itself, such as the aforementioned Italy as well as Iceland and Montenegro

The third level domains , and make use of the SLDs , and from the ccTLDs us (United States), to (Tonga) and it (Italy) to spell "delicious", "crypto" and "exploit" respectively. In some cases, an entire ccTLD has been re purposed in its international marketing, such as am (Armenia), fm (Federated States of Micronesia), cd (Democratic Republic of the Congo), dj (Djibouti), and tv (Tuvalu) for sites delivering various forms of audiovisual content. Some feline related websites, such as nyan. cat have used the cat domain, which is meant for the Catalan linguistical community. Libya's ccTLD (. ly) has been used for English words that end with suffix "ly", such as sil. ly or former musical. ly. Popular URL shortening services bit. ly, brief. ly, name. ly and ow. ly use this hack. In 2010, the Libyan registry suspended vb. ly, an adult oriented ly link shortener. After a legal fight to allow so, the Moldovan ccTLD (. md) has been used by doctors and medical companies due to its resemblance to the abbreviation MD, used by those holding a Doctor of Medicine degree. It has also been used by websites relating to the Markdown markup language (such as Obsidian, ) which uses md as its file extension.

In Germany, Austria, and Switzerland the domain ag for Antigua and Barbuda is used by corporations in the legal form of Aktiengesellschaft (commonly abbreviated as AG). The American Samoa domain as is popular in countries where AS or A/S (Aktieselskab/Aksjeselskap) is the legal suffix for stock based corporations in Denmark and Norway, so companies of those countries frequently employ it. Some organisations situated in Switzerland use TLDs to specifically refer to their canton (such as the Belgian TLD be for the Canton of Bern). In a similar way some organizations in the German state of Schleswig Holstein use the sh TLD from Saint Helena. In Turkish, "biz" means "we", and can be used for emphasis at the end of "we are" sentences. Family names in many Slavic languages written in internationalized variant end with ch (i. e. ich, vich, vych, ovich). This ch comes from Slavic "ć", "č", "ч", or "ћ". Therefore, the Swiss ch ccTLD is an option. Another use case of ch is for English words that end in ch, e. g. tech, punch, search, crunch, rich. Examples of such domains are , , and
Since the introduction of eu domains (eu meaning "I" in Romanian, Galician and Portuguese), these domains have become popular in Romania, with people registering their names with the eu extension. Before the eus domain was introduced, eu was also widely used by websites from the Basque Country, as it resembled the word euskera (meaning Basque). In French, Italian and Portuguese, là or lá mean "there". As the la domain (Laos) is available for second level registration worldwide, this can be an easy way to get a short, catchy name such as "go there". In Italy some TLDs are identical to Italian Provinces' identifier, such as to (Turin) or tv (Treviso) and are thus extensively used for web domains in the area. The Canadian domain ca is also trivial to use as cá or cà ("here"), respectively in Portuguese and Neapolitan, or ça ("that"), in French; however, unlike some countries, Canada's ca registrar requires local Canadian presence to use this domain. Hungarian domains sometimes use the Moroccan top level domain ma (meaning "today"). A fad amongst French speakers was to register their names in the Niue TLD nu, which in French and Portuguese means "nude" or "naked"; however, as of 2007, Niue authorities have revoked many of these domain names. The handful that remain are joke domains without actual nudity. French speakers often use the Jersey TLD je, since "je" means "I" in French. In addition, je is used in the Netherlands, as it can mean both "you" or "your". The addition of je to most nouns also produces a diminutive form (e. g. huis. je, or the defunct iPhone app feest. je (feestje meaning "party"). Likewise, Dutch, Swedish, and Danish speakers sometimes use nu, because it means "now" in these languages. The TLD is still used by many Swedish sites, as prior to 2003 it was impossible for individuals (and difficult for organizations) to register arbitrary domains under the se TLD. English words that end with the "rs" letters (cars, fixers, powers etc.) provide means for another popular domain hack which utilizes the Serbian RS domain extension. In Russian, net (as нет, or nyet transliterated character for character) means "no" or "there isn't," so there are many domains in the format something. net (e. g. redaktora. net meaning "[there is] no editor"). There are many words ending with ga (Cyrillic: га), including some highly popular (книга/kniga meaning book, дорога/doroga meaning road). Gabon's ga domain is free for registration, which has led to wide adoption of such domain hacks. In Czech, Polish and Slovak, to means "it", so there are many domains using Tonga's to in the format "do something. to" (e. g., zrobie. to, meaning "I will do it" in the Polish language or meaning "We will move it" as Slovak moving service). Notably, Czech file sharing service was founded in 2007, and its name "ulož to" means "save it". In Czech as well, se and si are particles markings reflexive verbs, therefore the Sweden's and Slovenia's TLDs are used for domain hacks, such as a taxi service svez. se (for "have a ride") or a game server hraj. si ("play") albeit the latter ones are no more available for new registration for non Slovenian entities (see paragraph below). In Slovenian, si is a dative form of the reciprocal personal pronoun and a second person form of the verb to be. As si is a Slovenian ccTLD, domain hacks are abundant. Additionally, the domain is attractive to speakers of Romance languages, because it is a conjunction, pronoun or an affirmative interjection in many. ARNES limits the use of the domain to residents and entities of Slovenia. In Spanish and Portuguese, ar is the ending of the infinitive of many verbs, so hacks with Argentina's TLD ar are common (e. g., , meaning "to educate"). Similarly, another such verb suffix is ir, TLD of Iran. One of the earliest commercial ISPs in Finland used the domain sci. fi — a reference to science fiction. In Kurdish, "im" means "I am", so it's possible to make meaningful domains for personal purposes with the Isle of Man TLD im. For example, rebaz. im would mean "Rêbaz im", which translates to "I am Rêbaz". Some registries allow Emoji in domains, permitting the creation of emoji domains. Many browsers display these domains as punycode for security reasons. With the rise of new TLDs, some companies have registered entire TLDs in order to create a hack for their name. Most prominent is gle, created for Google to be used as goo. gle.