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Song first recorded by the Jimi Hendrix Experience in 1966

"Red House" is a song written by Jimi Hendrix and one of the first songs recorded in 1966 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience. It has the musical form of a conventional twelve bar blues and features Hendrix's guitar playing. He developed the song prior to forming the Experience and was inspired by earlier blues songs. "Red House" was first released on the British edition of Hendrix's debut album Are You Experienced in May 1967 (for the American album release, previously released Experience singles were used in its place). A second similar take was eventually released in the US in July 1969 on the American Smash Hits compilation. The song was a fixture of Hendrix concerts throughout his career. Although the lyrics and basic structure were followed, his performances usually varied from the original recording. Many were recorded and continue to be released officially for the first time, including on Freedom: Atlanta Pop Festival (2015) and Live in Maui (2020). "Red House" has also been performed and recorded by a variety of blues and other artists.

"Red House" was inspired by blues songs Hendrix was performing early in his career as a sideman. Music critic Charles Shaar Murray describes a song he calls "California Night", which Hendrix performed with Curtis Knight and the Squires, as "a dead ringer, both in structure and mood, for his 1967 perennial 'Red House. Originally recorded by Albert King in 1961 as "Travelin' to California", it is a slow blues with lyrics that follow the common blues theme of the rambling man and his lost love (sometimes also misidentified as "Every Day I Have the Blues" – both songs use the verse "nobody loves me"). Elmore James's 1960 song "The Sky Is Crying" contains "I got a bad feeling my baby don't love me no more" and has been suggested as inspiring the similar line used by Hendrix. Hendrix recorded two live versions of "Travelin' to California" with Knight, which prominently feature his vocal and guitar playing. Both were recorded at George's Club 22 in Hackensack, New Jersey, on December 26, 1965 and/or January 22, 1966. After Hendrix's death in 1970, the recordings (using various names) were released by several European record companies that specialized in bootleg and grey market albums. In 2017, a version was officially released on Curtis Knight [Featuring Jimi Hendrix]: Live at George's Club 20. Music writer Keith Shadwick describes Hendrix's performance as "a staggering display of blues guitar playing that is worthy of mention in the same breath as his later efforts with the Experience". Although Shadwick compares his guitar tone and phraseology to that of Buddy Guy, he adds that his techniques "simply transcend any previous models, and breaks new ground" and shows that "his ability to spin out long and consistently surprising lines across the standard blues changes is already full grown". In 1966, during his residency as Jimmy James and the Blue Flames at the Cafe Wha? in New York City's Greenwich Village, Hendrix continued to develop his slow blues number that became "Red House".

"Red House" has been performed by many blues and other musicians. Albert King, whose "Travelin' to California" inspired Hendrix, recorded a version for his final studio album, Red House (1991). Another Hendrix influence, Buddy Guy, recorded it for Stone Free: A Tribute to Jimi Hendrix. Murray describes two versions by John Lee Hooker: a "more or less straight" version recorded in 1989 that appears on Variations on a Theme (1992) and later a "radically Hookerized and thoroughly deconstructed version" for the Van Morrison produced Don't Look Back (1997). Prince reworked it as "Purple House" for the 2004 tribute Power of Soul: A Tribute to Jimi Hendrix, which also included Hooker's 1997 version of the song. In an AllMusic review, critic Sean Westergaard comments: "Prince reinterprets 'Red House' with great gospel esque backing vocals and a monstrous guitar solo."