Copper(II) hydroxide

Hydroxide of copper
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| Name = Copper(II) hydroxide
| ImageFile = File:Réz(II) hidroxid. jpg
| ImageName = Copper(II) hydroxide
| ImageFile2 =Kristallstruktur Kupfer(II) hydroxid. png
| IUPACName = Copper(II) hydroxide
| OtherNames = Cupric hydroxide
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| ExternalSDS = SDS
| MainHazards = Skin, Eye, & Respiratory Irritant
| NFPA H = 2
| NFPA F = 0
| NFPA R = 0
| FlashPt = Non flammable
| LD50 = 1000 mg/kg (oral, rat)
| PEL = TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)
| REL = TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu) Sources of both compounds were available in antiquity. It was produced on an industrial scale during the 17th and 18th centuries for use in pigments such as blue verditer and Bremen green. These pigments were used in ceramics and painting.

It is stable to about 100 °C. Copper(II) hydroxide is mildly amphoteric. It dissolves slightly in concentrated alkali, forming [Cu(OH)4]2−. Copper(II) hydroxide also converts acid hydrazides to carboxylic acids at room temperature. This conversion is useful in the synthesis of carboxylic acids in the presence of other fragile functional groups. The yields are generally excellent as is the case with the production of benzoic acid and octanoic acid: Such products include Kocide 3000, produced by Kocide L. L. C. Copper(II) hydroxide is also occasionally used as ceramic colorant. Copper(II) hydroxide has been combined with latex paint, making a product designed to control root growth in potted plants. Secondary and lateral roots thrive and expand, resulting in a dense and healthy root system. It was sold under the name Spin Out, which was first introduced by Griffin L. L. C. The rights are now owned by SePRO Corp. It is now sold as Microkote either in a solution you apply yourself, or as treated pots.

Together with other components, copper(II) hydroxides are numerous. Several copper(II) containing minerals contain hydroxide. Notable examples include azurite, malachite, antlerite, and brochantite. Azurite (2CuCO3·Cu(OH)2) and malachite (CuCO3·Cu(OH)2) are hydroxy carbonates, whereas antlerite (CuSO4·2Cu(OH)2) and brochantite (CuSO4·3Cu(OH)2) are hydroxy sulfates. Many synthetic copper(II) hydroxide derivatives have been investigated.