Глаттон ауылы: Тарих және географиясы

Village in Cambridgeshire, England

Glatton is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England, some 8 mile (13 km) south west of Peterborough, near the villages of Conington, Yaxley and Stilton. It lies in the non metropolitan district of Huntingdonshire, which is part of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county. A World War II airfield (RAF Glatton) built nearby is now known as Peterborough's Conington Airport.

In 1085 William the Conqueror ordered that a survey should be carried out across his kingdom to discover who owned which parts and what it was worth. The survey took place in 1086 and the results were recorded in what, since the 12th century, has become known as the Domesday Book. Starting with the king himself, for each landholder within a county there is a list of their estates or manors; and, for each manor, there is a summary of the resources of the manor, the amount of annual rent that was collected by the lord of the manor both in 1066 and in 1086, together with the taxable value. Glatton was listed in the Domesday Book in the Hundred of Normancross in Huntingdonshire; the name of the settlement was written as Glatune in the Domesday Book. In 1086 there was just one manor at Glatton; the annual rent paid to the lord of the manor in 1066 had been £10 and the rent was the same in 1086. The Domesday Book does not explicitly detail the population of a place but it records that there was 35 households at Glatton. Using these figures then an estimate of the population of Glatton in 1086 is that it was within the range of 122 and 175 people. The Domesday Book uses a number of units of measure for areas of land that are now unfamiliar terms, such as hides and ploughlands. In different parts of the country, these were terms for the area of land that a team of eight oxen could plough in a single season and are equivalent to ; this was the amount of land that was considered to be sufficient to support a single family. By 1086, the hide had become a unit of tax assessment rather than an actual land area; a hide was the amount of land that could be assessed as £1 for tax purposes. The survey records that there were sixteen ploughlands at Glatton in 1086 and that there was the capacity for a further eight ploughlands. In 1881 Glatton had a total population of 249.

In 1881 there was a clear gender divide in occupations. Most men worked in agriculture (74 per cent), with a fairly even spread among other occupations. Most women had were of unknown occupation or worked in domestic services/ offices. In the 2011 census, both men and women had the highest levels of employment in associate professional and technical occupations, with a far greater number in management or as professionals. There was still some gender specific employment, for example administrative and secretarial jobs employed more women (5:1) and the skilled trade sector more men (4:1). However, men and women appear more evenly across all occupations in the later census. Agricultural and domestic jobs, the commonest in 1881, were non existent in 2011.

There are no schools in Glatton. The closest is Stilton Church of England VC Primary School 1.8 miles (2.9 km) away. The closest secondary school is Sawtry Community College 2.1 miles (3.4 km) away.

Among the listed buildings in Glatton are Grade I listed St Nicholas's Parish Church and the Addison Arms, which won the Rural Pub of The Year award in Huntingdonshire in 2014. Allways was the home of the writer Beverley Nichols from 1928 to 1937.

The A1 (M) is the closest motorway, about a mile to the east of Glatton parish. There is a railway line about 3 miles east of Glatton, but the closest station is Peterborough, about 10 miles away.

Glatton has a parish church dedicated to St Nicholas belonging to the Diocese of Ely. The church is mentioned in the 1086 Domesday Book, but none of that building remains. A notable feature of today's church is its tower, built about 1500. Its four bells bear the inscriptions 1) COMM COMM AND PREAY 1595, 2) SEARVE GOD AND OBEAY THY PRINCE 1595, 3) J. TAYLOR & CO FOUNDERS LOUGHBOROUGH 1863, and 4) OMNIA FAINT AD GLORIAM DEI SOLI THO. EAYRE 1736.