Аляска жергілікті халық корпорациялары және ANCSA заңы

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The Alaska Native Regional Corporations were established in 1971 when the United States Congress passed the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) which settled land and financial claims made by the Alaska Natives and provided for the establishment of 13 regional corporations to administer those claims.

Under ANCSA the state was originally divided into twelve regions, each represented by a "Native association" responsible for the enrollment of past and present residents of the region. Individual Alaska Natives enrolled in these associations, and their village level equivalents, were made shareholder in the Regional and Village Corporations created by the Act. The twelve for profit regional corporations, and a thirteenth region representing those Alaska Natives who were no longer residents of Alaska in 1971, were awarded the monetary and property compensation created by ANCSA. Village corporations and their shareholders received compensation through the regional corporations. The fact that many ostensibly Alaska Native villages throughout the state were not empowered by the ANCSA to form village corporations later led to a number of lawsuits. The regional and village corporations are now owned by Alaska Native people through privately owned shares of corporation stock. Alaska Natives alive at ANCSA's enactment on December 17, 1971, who enrolled in a Native association (at the regional and/or village level) received 100 shares of stock in the respective corporation. In 2006, the 109th Congress passed S.449 which amended ANCSA, and allowed for shares to be more easily issued to those who had missed the enrollment, or were born after the enrollment period by reducing the requirement for voting from a majority of shareholders to a majority of attending shareholders at corporation meetings. During the 1970s, ANCSA regional and village corporations selected land in and around native villages in the state in proportion to their enrolled populations. Village corporations own the surface rights to the lands they selected, but regional corporations own the subsurface rights of both their own selections and of those of the village corporations.

There are over 200 village corporations, corresponding to the list of villages published in the text of ANCSA. Most corporations serve a single village, though some smaller villages have consolidated their corporations over the years. Village corporation Community Regional corporation Website Afognak Native Corporation Afognak Koniag, Incorporated http://www. afognak. comPort Lions Akhiok Kaguyak, Inc. Akhiok http://aki kodiak. comKaguyak Akiachak Limited Akiachak Calista Corporation Akuliuk Inc. Selawik NANA Regional Corporation Akutan Corporation Akutan Aleut Corporation Alakanuk Corporation Alakanuk Calista Corporation Alaska Peninsula Corporation Kokhanok Bristol Bay Native Corporation http://www. alaskapeninsulacorp. comNewhalenPort HeidenSouth NaknekUgashik Aleknagik Natives Limited Aleknagik Bristol Bay Native Corporation Alexander Creek Inc. Alexander Creek Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Anton Larsen Inc. Anton Larsen Bay Koniag, Incorporated Arvig Inc. Platinum Calista Corporation Askinuk Corporation Scammon Bay Calista Corporation Atkasook Corporation Atqasuk Arctic Slope Regional Corp. Atmauthluak Limited Atmautluak Calista Corporation Atxam Corporation Atka Aleut Corporation Ayakulik Inc. Ayakulik Koniag, Incorporated Azachorok Inc. Mountain Village Calista Corporation Baan o yeel kon Corporation Rampart Doyon, Limited Bay View Inc. Ivanof Bay Bristol Bay Native Corporation Bean Ridge Corporation Manley Hot Springs Doyon, Limited Beaver Kwit'Chin Corporation Beaver Doyon, Limited Becharof Corporation Egegik Bristol Bay Native Corporation Belkofski Corporation Belkofski Aleut Corporation Bells Flats Native Group Inc. Bells Flats Koniag, Incorporated Bethel Native Corporation Bethel Calista Corporation http://www. bnc alaska. com Brevig Mission Native Corporation Brevig Mission Bering Straits Native Corp. Buckland Nunachiak Corporation Buckland NANA Regional Corporation Cape Fox Corporation Saxman Sealaska Corporation http://capefoxcorp. com Caswell Native Assoc. Inc. Caswell Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Chalkyitsik Native Corporation Chalkyitsik Doyon, Limited Chaluka Corporation Nikolski Aleut Corporation Chefarnrmute Inc. Chefornak Calista Corporation Chenega Corporation Chenega Chugach Alaska Corporation http://www. chenega. com/ Chevak Co Chevak Calista Corporation Chigik River Limited Chignik Lake Bristol Bay Native Corporation Chignik Lagoon Native Corporation Chignik Chickaloon Moose Creek Native Assoc. Chickaloon Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Chitina Native Corporation Chitina Ahtna, Incorporated Choggiung Limited Dillingham Bristol Bay Native Corporation Chugach Natives Inc. Icy Bay Chugach Alaska Corporation Chuloonawick Corporation Chuloonawik Calista Corporation Council Native Corporation Council Bering Straits Native Corp. Cully Corporation Point Lay Arctic Slope Regional Corp. http://www. cullycorp. com/ Danzhit Hanlaii Corporation Circle Doyon, Limited Deacons Landing Inc. Deacons Landing Doyon, Limited Deering Ipnatchiak Corporation Deering NANA Regional Corporation Deloycheet Inc. Holy Cross Doyon, Limited http://www. deloycheet. com/ Dineega Corporation Ruby Dinyea Corporation Stevens Village Doratoi Inc. Flat Dot Lake Native Corporation Dot Lake Eklutna Inc. Eklutna Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated http://www. eklutnainc. com Ekuk Native Limited Ekuk Bristol Bay Native Corporation Ekwok Natives Limited Ekwok Elim Native Corporation Elim Bering Straits Native Corp. Elim Native Corporation St. Lawrence Emmonak Corporation Emmonak Calista Corporation English Bay Corporation Nanwalek Chugach Alaska Corporation Evansville Inc. Evansville Doyon, Limited The Eyak Corporation Cordova Chugach Alaska Corporation http://www. eyakcorporation. com Far West Inc. Chignik Bay Bristol Bay Native Corporation Forty Mile Inc. Chicken Doyon, Limited Gakona Corporation Gakona Ahtna, Incorporated Gana a'yoo Limited Galena Doyon, Limited http://www. ganaayoo. com/KaltagKoyukukNulato Ganawas Corporation Knight Island Sealaska Corporation Gold Creek Susitna Native Association Gold Creek Calista Corporation Susitna Goldbelt Inc. Juneau (4 cities) Sealaska Corporation http://www. goldbelt. com/ Golovin Native Corporation Golovin Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Grouse Creek Corporation Grouse Creek Doyon, Limited Gwitchyaazhee Corporation Fort Yukon Doyon, Limited Haida Corporation Hydaburg Sealaska Corporation http://www. haidacorporation. com/ Haycock Native Group Corporation Haycock Calista Corporation Hee yea Lingde Corporation Grayling Doyon, Limited Huna Totem Corporation Hoonah Sealaska Corporation www. hunatotem. com Hungwitchin Corporation Eagle Doyon, Limited Igiugig Native Corporation Igiugig Bristol Bay Native Corporation Iliamna Native Corporation Iliamna Ingalik Inc. Anvik Doyon, Limited Iqfijouq Co Eek Calista Corporation Isanotski Corporation False Pass Aleut Corporation https://web. archive. org/web/20100813124630/http://www. isanotski. alaska. com/ Isingnakmeut Shungnak NANA Regional Corporation Ivaisaapaagmit Corporation Ambler Kake Tribal Corporation Kake Sealaska Corporation https://www. kaketribalcorporation. com/ Kaktovik Inupiat Corporation Kaktovik Arctic Slope Regional Corp. Karluk Native Corporation Karluk Koniag, Incorporated Kasigluk Inc. Kasigluk Calista Corporation Katyaak Corporation Kiana NANA Regional Corporation Kavilco Inc. Kassan Sealaska Corporation http://kavilco. com/ Kenai Native Assoc. Inc. Kenai Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Kian Tr'ee Corporation Canyon Village Doyon, Limited Kikiktagruk Inupiat Corporation Kotzebue NANA Regional Corporation King Cove Corporation King Cove Aleut Corporation King Island Native Corporation King Island Bering Straits Native Corp. Kiutsarak Inc. Goodnews Bay Calista Corporation Kivalina Sinnigaakmiut Kivalina NANA Regional Corporation Klawaock Heenya Corporation Klawock Sealaska Corporation Klukwan, Inc. Klukwan Sealaska Corporation http://www. klukwan. com Kluti Kaah Corporation Copper Center Ahtna, Incorporated Knikatnu Inc. Knik Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Kokarmiut Corporation Akiak Calista Corporation Kokrines Ic. Kokrines Doyon, Limited Koliganek Natives Limited Koliganek Bristol Bay Native Corporation Kongnikilnomuit Yuita Corporation Bill Moores Slough Calista Corporation Kootznoowoo Inc. Angoon Sealaska Corporation http://www. kootznoowoo. com Koovukmeut Inc. Kobuk NANA Regional Corporation Kotlik Yupik Corporation Kotlik Calista Corporation K'oyitl'ots'ina Limited Hughes Doyon, Limited HusliaAlatnaAllakaket Koyuk Native Corporation Koyuk Bering Straits Native Corp. Kugkaktilk Limited Kipnuk Calista Corporation Kuskokwim Corporation Aniak http://www. kuskokwim. com ChuathbalukCrooked CreekGeorgetown Doyon, Limited Lower Kalskag Calista CorporationUpper KalskagNapaimuteRed DevilSleetmuteStony River Kuukpik Corporation, Inc. Nuiqsut Arctic Slope Regional Corp. http://www. kuukpik. com Kwethluk Inc. Kwethluk Calista Corporation Kwik Inc. Kwigillingok Leisnoi, Inc. Woody Island Koniag, Incorporated Levelock Natives Limited Levelock Bristol Bay Native Corporation Lime Village Co Lime Village Calista Corporation Litnik Inc. Litnik Koniag, Incorporated Little Lake Louise Inc. Little Lake Louise Ahtna, Incorporated Lower Tonsina Inc. Lower Tonsina Ahtna, Incorporated Manokotak Natives Limited Manokotak Bristol Bay Native Corporation Mary's Igloo Native Corporation Mary's Igloo Bering Straits Native Corp. Maserculig Inc. Marshall Calista Corporation Medfra Native Council Inc. Medfra Doyon, Limited Mendas Cha ag Native Corporation Healy Lake Doyon, Limited Mentasta Inc. Mentasta Lake Ahtna, Incorporated Minchumina Natives Inc. Minchumina Doyon, Limited Montana Creek Native Assoc. Montana Creek Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated MTNT Limited McGrath Doyon, Limited NikolaiTakotnaTelida Nagamut Limited Nagamut Calista Corporation Napakiak Corporation Napakiak Napaskiak Inc. Napaskiak Native of Kodiak Inc. Kodiak Koniag, Incorporated Nebesna Native Group Inc. Nebesna Ahtna, Incorporated Neechootaalichaagat Corporation Birch Creek Doyon, Limited Kantishna Doyon, Limited Nelson Lagoon Corporation Nelson Lagoon Aleut Corporation Nerklikmute Native Corporation Andereafsky Calista Corporation Newtok Inc. Newtok NGTA Inc. Nightmute Nima Corporation Mekoryuk Nunivak Ninilchik Natives Assoc., Inc. Ninilchik Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Noatak Napaaktukmeur Corporation Noatak NANA Regional Corporation Nondalton Native Corporation Nondalton Bristol Bay Native Corporation Northway Natives Inc. Northway Doyon, Limited Nu Nachk Pit Inc. Larsen Bay Koniag, Incorporated Nunakauiak Yupik Corporation Toksook Bay Calista Corporation Nunamiut Corporation Anaktuvuk Pass Arctic Slope Regional Corp. Nunapiglluraq Corporation Hamilton Calista Corporation Nunapitchuk Limited Nunapitchuk Oceanside Corporation Perryville Bristol Bay Native Corporation Ohgsenskale Corporation Portage Creek Ohog Inc. Ohogamiut Calista Corporation Old Harbor Native Corporation Old Harbor Koniag, Incorporated https://www. koniag. com/ Olgoonik Corporation, Inc. Wainwright Arctic Slope Regional Corp. http://www. olgoonik. com/ Olsonville Inc. Olsonville Bristol Bay Native Corporation Oscarville Native Corporation Oscarville Calista Corporation Ounalashka Corporation Unalaska Aleut Corporation http://www. ounalashka. com/ Ouzinkie Native Corporation Ouzinkie Koniag, Incorporated http://ouzinkienativecorporation. com/ Paimiut Corporation Paimiut Calista Corporation Paug Vik Inc. Limited Naknek Bristol Bay Native Corporation Pedro Bay Corporation Pedro Bay Pilot Point Native Corporation Pilot Point Pilot Station Native Corporation Pilot Station Calista Corporation Pitkas Point Native Corporation Pitkas Point Calista Corporation Point Possession Inc. Point Possession Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Port Graham Corporation Port Graham Chugach Alaska Corporation Putoo Corporation Noorvik NANA Regional Corporation Qanirtuuq Inc. Quinhagak Calista Corporation Qemirtalek Coast Corporation Kongiganek Saguyak Inc. Clarks Point Bristol Bay Native Corporation St. George Tanadax Corporation St. George Aleut Corporation St. Marys Native Corporation St. Marys Calista Corporation St. Michael native Corporation St. Michaels Bering Straits Native Corp. Salamatoff Native Assoc. Inc. Salamatoff Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated http://www. salamatof. com/ Sanak Corporation Pauloff Harbor Aleut Corporation Savonski Corporation Savonski Bristol Bay Native Corporation Sea Lion Corporation Hooper Bay Calista Corporation Seldovia Native Assoc. Inc. Seldovia Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated https://snai. com/ Seth do ya ah Corporation Minto Doyon, Limited Shaan Seet Inc. Craig Sealaska Corporation https://www. shaanseet. com/ Shaktoolik Native Corporation Shaktoolik Bering Straits Native Corp. Shee Atiká, Inc. Sitka Sealaska Corporation http://www. sheeatika. com/ Shishmaref Natrive Corporation Shishmaref Bering Straits Native Corp. Shumagin Corporation Sand Point Aleut Corporation http://www. shumagin. com/ Shuyak Inc. Port William Koniag, Incorporated Sitnasuak Native Corporation Nome Bering Straits Native Corp. http://www. snc. org/ Slana Native Corporation Slana Ahtna, Incorporated Solomon Native Corporation Solomon Bering Straits Native Corp. Sta Keh Corporation Gulkana Chugach Alaska Corporation Stebbins Native Corporation Stebbins Bering Straits Native Corp. Stuyahok Limited New Stuyahok Bristol Bay Native Corporation Swan Lake Corporation Sheldon Point Calista Corporation Talzina Inc. Tazlina Ahtna, Incorporated Tanacross Inc. Tanacross Doyon, Limited Tanadgusik Corporation St. Paul Aleut Corporation Tanalian Inc. Port Alsworth Bristol Bay Native Corporation Tatitlek Corporation Tatitlek Chugach Alaska Corporation Teller Native Corporation Teller Bering Straits Native Corp. Tetlin Indian Reservation Tetlin Doyon, Limited Tikigaq Corporation Point Hope Arctic Slope Regional Corp. Tihteet'aii Inc. Birch Creek Doyon, Limited Toghotthele Corporation Nenana Togiak Natives Limited Togiak Bristol Bay Native Corporation Tozitna Limited Tananna Doyon, Limited Tulkisarmute Inc. Tuluksak Calista Corporation Tuntutuliak Land Limited Tuntutuliak Tununrmiut Rinit Corporation Tununak Twin Hills Native Corporation Twin Hills Bristol Bay Native Corporation Twin Lake Native Group Inc. Twin Lake Ahtna, Incorporated Tyonek Native Corporation Tyonek Cook Inlet Region, Incorporated Uganik Natives, Inc. Uganik Koniag, Incorporated Ukpeaġvik Iñupiat Corporation Utqiaġvik Arctic Slope Regional Corp. http://www. ukpik. com/ Umkumiute Limited Umkumiute Calista Corporation Unalakleet Native Corporation Unalakleet Bering Straits Native Corp. Unga Corporation Unga Aleut Corporation Uyak, Inc. Uyak Koniag, Incorporated Venetie Indian Reservation Venetie Doyon, Limited Wales Native Corporation Wales Bering Straits Native Corp. White Mountain Native Corporation White Mountain Wisenak Inc. Wisenak Doyon, Limited Yak tat Kwaan Inc. Yakutat Sealaska Corporation https://www. yak tatkwaan. com/ Yedetena Na Corporation Cantwell Ahtna, Incorporated Chistochina Zho Tse, Inc. Shageluk Doyon, LimitedAFOGNAK NATIVE CORPORATION
The Afognak Native Corporation was organized in 1977 through the merger of two ANCSA village corporations: Port Lions Native Corporation and Natives of Afognak, Inc. It is governed by a nine member board of directors. Afognak Native Corporation has many business interests. For 18 years it participated in and profited from timber development ventures on Afogank Island. It also operates a number of successful subsidiaries including Leasing, Bioenergy Operations and Oil Field Services. Afognak Native Corporation entities also received NASA Small Business Contractor of the Year Award in 2013. The Corporation's profile is listed as "Construction and Engineering" services. The Afognak Native Corporation has approximately 900 shareholders and pays over $12 million in dividends annually. The Afognak Native Corporation controls over 160,000 acres of land in the Kodiak Archipelago and the lands form the core of financial success of the corporation.

The federal Indian Self Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 (ISDA) gave self autonomy to both Native Indian tribal governments and to ANCs. In the wake of the COVID 19 pandemic, the CARES Act had set aside about $8 billion in funds for federally recognized "tribal governments". The U. S. Treasury Department earmarked about $500 million of those funds for ANCs. While the federal government had generally recognized that ANCs fell under "tribal governments" since the passage of the ISDA, three Native Indian tribes from the lower 48 states sued the Treasury, asserting that the ANCs were not federally recognized "tribal governments" under a statutory interpretation of the law. This led to the United States Supreme Court case, Yellen v. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, which was decided in June 2021 that under ISDA, the ANCs were federally recognized "tribal governments" and thus qualified for CARES funds.

+Financial Performance of each ANRC in 2016#AbbreviationANCSAAlaska Native Regional Corporation2016 Annual RevenueApproximate No. of Shareholders1ASRCArctic Slope Native AssociationArctic Slope Regional Corporation$2,370,000,000 13,0002BSNCBering Straits AssociationBering Straits Native Corporation$326,000,000 7,5003NANANorthwest Alaska Native AssociationNANA Regional Corporation$1,300,000,0004AVCPAssociation of Village Council PresidentsCalista Corporation$492,000,000 13,000 5DOYONTanana Chiefs' ConferenceDoyon, Limited$305,410,000 19,000 6CIRICook Inlet AssociationCook Inlet Region, Inc.$289,000,0007BBNCBristol Bay Native AssociationBristol Bay Native Corporation$1,510,000,000 10,350 8TACAleut LeagueThe Aleut Corporation$171,660,000 3,900 9CACChugach Native AssociationChugach Alaska Corporation$842,400,000 2,600 10SEACSealaska CorporationSealaska Corporation$145,510,00023,00011KANAKodiak Area Native AssociationKoniag, Incorporated$252,000,000 3,850 12AHTNACopper River Native AssociationAhtna, Incorporated$218,000,000 1,900 13Regional Corporation for Thirteenth RegionInsolvent