Рекомбинантты ДНҚ арқылы алынған маңызды ақуыздар

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The following is a list of notable proteins that are produced from recombinant DNA, using biomolecular engineering. In many cases, recombinant human proteins have replaced the original animal derived version used in medicine. The prefix "rh" for "recombinant human" appears less and less in the literature. A much larger number of recombinant proteins is used in the research laboratory. These include both commercially available proteins (for example most of the enzymes used in the molecular biology laboratory), and those that are generated in the course specific research projects.

Ribosomal proteins: For the studies of individual ribosomal proteins, the use of proteins that are produced and purified from recombinant sources has largely replaced those that are obtained through isolation. However, isolation is still required for the studies of the whole ribosome. Lysosomal proteins: Lysosomal proteins are difficult to produce recombinantly due to the number and type of post translational modifications that they have (e. g. glycosylation). As a result, recombinant lysosomal proteins are usually produced in mammalian cells. Plant cell culture was used to produce FDA approved glycosylated lysosomal protein drug, and additional drug candidates. Recent studies have shown that it may be possible to produce recombinant lysosomal proteins with microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Recombinant lysosomal proteins are used for both research and medical applications, such as enzyme replacement therapy.

Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs): These include both catechol oxidases and tyrosinases. In additional to research, PPOs have also found applications as biocatalysts. Cystatins are proteins that inhibit cysteine proteases. Research are ongoing to evaluate the potential of using cystatins in crop protection to control herbivorous pests and pathogens.

Laccases have found a wide range of application, from food additive and beverage processing to biomedical diagnosis, and as cross‐linking agents for furniture construction or in the production of biofuels. The tyrosinase‐induced polymerization of peptides offers facile access to artificial mussel foot protein analogues. Next generation universal glues can be envisioned that perform effectively even under rigorous seawater conditions and adapt to a broad range of difficult surfaces.