Motorola MC6847 Видеогенераторы: Техникалық сипаттамалар мен мүмкіндіктері

Video display generator (VDG) by Motorola

The MC6847 is a Video Display Generator (VDG) first introduced by Motorola in 1978 and used in the TRS 80 Color Computer, Dragon 32/64, Laser 200, TRS 80 MC 10/Matra Alice, NEC PC 6000 series, Acorn Atom, and the APF Imagination Machine, among others. It is a relatively simple display generator intended for NTSC television output: capable of displaying alphanumeric text, semigraphics, and raster graphics contained within a roughly square display matrix 256 pixels wide by 192 lines high. The ROM includes a 5 x 7 pixel font, compatible with 6 bit ASCII. Effects such as inverse video or colored text (green on dark green; orange on dark orange) are possible. The hardware palette is composed of twelve colors: black, green, yellow, blue, red, buff (almost but not quite white), cyan, magenta, and orange (two extra colors, dark green and dark orange, are the ink colours for all alphanumeric text mode characters, and a light orange color is available as an alternative to green as the background color). According to the MC6847 datasheet, the colors are formed by the combination of three signals: with 6 possible levels, (or with 3 possible levels) and (or with 3 possible levels), based on the YPbPr colorspace, and then converted for output into a NTSC analog signal.

According to the datasheets, there are non interlaced (6847) and interlaced (6847Y) variants, plus the 6847T1 (non interlaced only). The chips can be found with ceramic (L suffix), plastic (P suffix) or CERDIP (S suffix) packages.

The built in character generator ROM offers 64 ASCII characters with 5x7 pixels. Characters can be green or orange, on dark green or orange background, with a possible "invert" attribute (dark character on a bright background). MC6847 Character Generator Alphanumeric Characters 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F 0x @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O 1x P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ↑ ← 2x ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , / 3x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? 4x @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O 5x P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ↑ ← 6x ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , / 7x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? The internal character rom is organized as a matrix of 64x35 (2240 bits) where each column consists of the 35 bytes (5x7) needed to form a character. The character bits are stored sequentially in column order, that is 7 bits of column 0 followed by the 7 bits of column 1, and so on. The following picture shows the bits overlapped on top of the rom array, with the ones of the first character (@) in different colours to highlight the organization. Motorola offered its customers the possibility of ordering the MC6847 with the internal ROM masked with a custom pattern. The customer would provide the ROM pattern on MCM2708 or MCM2716 PROMS or on a MDOS formatted 8 inch single sided, single density floppy disk. Motorola would then send 10 verification units for the customer to verify the ROM pattern. The MC6847 also supports an external character ROM. The Dragon 200 E, a spanish variant of the Dragon 64 is a great example of this. The machine had a daughterboard that fits on the MC6847 socket and had the VDG plus a 2532 EPROM and some decoding logic. The updated version of the chip (MC6847T1) had a 96 character ROM that included lowercase characters. Here you can see the default MC6847 and MC6847T1 default character sets, the Dragon 200 E one and the Dragon 200 E daughterboard.