Қоғамдық даму және мәдениет тарихындағы антикалық құралдар

Although an antique tool might be said to be one that is more than a hundred years old, the term is often used to describe any old tool of quality that might be deemed collectable. The use of tools is one of the primary means by which humans are distinguished from other animals. Tools are the parents of all other antiques. Most man made objects were made and great effort goes into the creation of newer and better tools to solve the production problems of today. The study of antique tools provides a glimpse of human development and cultural preferences history. The creation of a tool often makes possible the creation of more advanced tools. Advanced tools made possible the manufacture of internal combustion engines, automobiles, and computers. Among those who like to collect, some may do so as part of a rigorous study program they want to catalog all types of a specific tool, for example. Some collectors may wish to preserve some of the past for future generations, others fall under the spell of the beauty of some antique tools.

The American history of hay cutting tools begins with the reaping hook. Its slender, ultra sharp, half circle blade was employed in cutting grass for hay and it took some skill to use successfully. By the late 1800s the less artful sickle became the hay cutting tool of choice. The blade of the sickle was serrated and less circular than the reaping hook. The employment of this tool took less finesse and more of a slashing technique. It was used in conjunction with a wooden grass crook with which one held the standing grass steady, while swinging the sickle blade through the shank. Sickles found today will seem to have smooth blades to the modern viewer, as the serrations are usually worn away over time. Scythes are grass cutting tools with long handles for mowing large amounts of hay. The graceful shape of the scythes of the late 18th and early 19th centuries hinted at the grace and art required for using the tool properly. The blade was straighter than the sickle's, with an almost straight blade side and a gently curved blunt side. The handle, called a snath, would ordinarily be of a hardwood indigenous to the area of manufacture with small handholds, strategically placed, termed nibs. The earliest scythes had no nibs. Later scythes had two nibs. Used by an experienced hand, the scythe was an efficient tool, slicing through acres of green hay with methodic precision. Scythes were the prized possession of early Americans and, carefully protected from abuse and weather, they could last for centuries.

Catalogue of American Patented Antique Tools. A pictorial collection of interesting hand tools
Key to the Manufactories of Sheffield, Sheffield: Joseph Smith, 1816. Pictorial guide to tool making in Sheffield

Find My Tool, UK. Reviews antique and vintage as well as new tools
Old Tool Reprint Room. Lists reprints of old tool catalogues