Кері бәсекелі дубль: мағынасы мен қолданылуы

The negative double is a form of takeout double in bridge. It is made by the responder after their right hand opponent overcalls on the first round of bidding, and is used to show shortness in overcall's suit, support for the unbid suits with emphasis on majors, as well as some values. It is treated as forcing, but not unconditionally so. In practice, the negative double is sometimes used as a sort of catch all, made when no other call properly describes responder's hand. Therefore, a partnership might even treat the negative double as a wide ranging call that merely shows some values.

The term negative double was initially employed to distinguish it from the penalty, or business, or positive double, and signified a double over an opponent's opening bid whose meaning was a request for partner to bid his best suit. Around 1930, the term informatory double replaced negative double, and that term later gave way to takeout double as it is used at present; the original term negative double fell into disuse. In 1957, Alvin Roth in his partnership with Tobias Stone appropriated the abandoned term negative double to denote a conventional double by responder over an overcall and gave it its current meaning. The bid was also briefly known as Sputnik, because it was as new as the satellite of that name that the Soviet Union had recently launched. The term is still used sometimes in Europe. showed that about half concurred that doubler should have at least four hearts and at least four spades; a similar poll taken in 2000 showed 80% in concurrence. After 1m – (1), a popular agreement is that a negative double shows exactly four spades. Responder would bid 1 with five or more. However, in 2000, this approach was favored by fewer than two thirds of polled experts. After 1m – (1), in contrast to the prior sequence, most experts prefer the negative double here to show at least four hearts – not exactly four hearts. After 1M – (2m), most play that a negative double shows at least four cards in the other major. After 1 – (2), few play that double shows at least four cards in each major, but most play that doubler shows at least one major at least four cards long. After 1 (1) or 1 (2), the negative double shows at least 4 cards in each minor because there are no unbid major suits.