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Sioux City is the primary city of the five county Sioux City, IA–NE–SD Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), with a population of 149,940 in the 2020 census. The Sioux City–Vermillion, IA–NE–SD Combined Statistical Area had a population of 175,638 as of 2020. Sioux City is at the navigational head of the Missouri River, the furthest upstream point to which general cargo ships can travel, approximately north of the Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area. Sioux City and the surrounding areas of northwestern Iowa, northeastern Nebraska and southeastern South Dakota are sometimes referred to as Siouxland, especially by local media and residents.

Iowa is in the tallgrass prairie of the North American Great Plains, historically inhabited by speakers of Siouan languages. The area of Sioux City was inhabited by Yankton Sioux when it was first reached by Spanish and French furtrappers in the 18th century. The first documented US citizens to record their travels through this area were Meriwether Lewis and William Clark during the summer of 1804. Sergeant Charles Floyd, a member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, died here on August 20, 1804, the only death during the two and a half year expedition. Sioux City was laid out in the winter of 1854–1855. It became a major transportation hub to the western Plains, including Mormons heading to Salt Lake City and speculators heading to Wyoming goldfields. In 1891, the Sioux City Elevated Railway was opened and became the third steam powered elevated rapid transit system in the world, and later the first electric powered elevated railway in the world after conversion in 1892. However, the system fell into bankruptcy and closed within a decade. The city gained the nickname "Little Chicago" during the Prohibition era due to its reputation for being a purveyor of alcoholic beverages. On July 19, 1989, United Airlines Flight 232 crash landed at Sioux Gateway Airport, killing 111 people, but 184 survived the crash and ensuing fire due to outstandingly quick performances by fire and emergency local teams. According to a 2015 University of Iowa study for the Iowa Initiative for Sustainable Communities, blight and disinvestment are serious problems in the downtown core as investment has shifted to suburbs.

Sioux City borders two states, South Dakota to the west northwest and Nebraska to the west. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water. The normal monthly mean temperature ranges from in January to in July. On average, there are 25 days that reach or higher, 52 days that do not climb above freezing, and 17 days with a low of or below annually. The average window for freezing temperatures is October 1 through April 26, allowing a growing season of 157 days. Extreme temperatures officially range from on up to on and , as well as ; the record cold daily maximum is on , while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is on
Precipitation is greatest in May and June and averages annually, but has ranged from in 1976 to in 1903. Snowfall averages per season, and has historically ranged from in 1895–1896 to in 1961–1962; the average window for measurable (≥) snowfall is November 8 through April 7, although snow in October occurs several times per decade. On , the high temperature reached , setting a new all time May record high, along with a rise from the morning of the 12th.

As of the census of 2010, there were 82,684 people, 31,571 households, and 20,144 families residing in the city. The population density was There were 33,425 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the city was 80.6% White, 2.9% African American, 2.6% Native American, 2.7% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 7.4% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.4% of the population. There were 31,571 households, of which 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.2% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.2% were non families. 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.14. The median age in the city was 33.7 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.6% were from 25 to 44; 24% were from 45 to 64, and 12.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.2% male and 50.8% female.

As of the census of 2000, there were 85,013 people, 32,054 households, and 21,091 families residing in the city. The population density was There were 33,816 housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the city was 85.23% White, 2.41% African American, 1.95% Native American, 2.82% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 5.27% from other races, and 2.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.89% of the population. There were 32,054 households, of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.1% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.2% were non families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.14. Age spread: 27.1% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males. The median income for a household in the city was , and the median income for a family was Males had a median income of versus for females. The per capita income for the city was About 7.9% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.0% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over. This compares with a median household income for the state of Iowa of and an Iowa median family income of (current data from State of Iowa, see also List of U. S. states by income for historical data).

Sioux City has a crime rate that is 91% higher than the average for Iowa and 63% higher than the national average. The violent crime rate is 90% above the Iowa average and 49% higher than the national average, based on the FBI's uniform crime reports for 2020. According to the report, this represented a 12% decrease over the prior year.

The Sioux City Public Museum was originally located in a Northside neighborhood of fine Victorian mansions. The portico and gabled stone building was originally the home of the banker, John Peirce, and was built in 1890. The museum was recently relocated to downtown Sioux City, where it features Native American, pioneer, early Sioux City, and natural history exhibits. The Sioux City Art Center, located Downtown, was formed in 1938 as part of the WPA's support of the arts. The Art Center supports artists from Iowa and the greater Midwest. Also, the Center has a general program of acquisition of work by national and international artists, including important works by Thomas Hart Benton, Salvador Dalí, Käthe Kollwitz, Robert Motherwell, Claes Oldenburg, James Abbott McNeill Whistler, and Grant Wood. The Sergeant Floyd Monument commemorates the burial site of U. S. Army Sergeant Charles Floyd, the only man to die on the Lewis and Clark Expedition. The Sioux City Symphony Orchestra (SCSO) was founded in 1915. The orchestra continues offering seven concerts within its annual season. Performances take place in the Orpheum Theatre in Sioux City, Iowa. Concert dates run from September to April each year. The SCSO has included several movie scores, with film, on its concert schedule. The SCSO's education programming reaches 9,000 to 12,000 young people via the partnership with Carnegie Hall's Link Up program with 100 orchestras in the country, programs for SCSO musicians to perform and teach music lessons in the schools, and performances in nursing homes, hospitals, and elsewhere. Milwaukee Railroad Shop is a facility that is being renovated by the Siouxland Historical Railroad Association. It includes a 4 6 2 Pacific type steam locomotive, the Great Northern 1355, a model railroad exhibit, as well as multiple buildings including the roundhouse that are open to the public. Grandview Park is located north of the downtown area, up from Rose Hill, between The Northside and The Heights. The Municipal Bandshell is located in the park with Sunday evening municipal band concerts. The Saturday in the Park music festival began in 1991 and is held there annually on a weekend close to the Fourth of July holiday. Behind the bandshell is a rose garden with an arbor and trellises which has been a site for outdoor weddings, prom and other special occasion photographs, and for children to play during the Sunday evening band concerts and other events. Downtown is also home to the historic Orpheum Theatre. In 1927 when it was built, it was the largest theater in Iowa. Theatre is produced in Sioux City by three main entities, the Sioux City Community Theatre (SCCT), LAMB Arts Regional Theatre, and Shot in the Dark Productions. Each of these produce a full season of shows each year.

The Sioux City Bandits are an indoor football team that play in National Arena League. The Bandits play their home games at the Tyson Events Center. The Sioux City Explorers are an independent baseball team playing in the American Association. The Explorers play their home games at Lewis and Clark Park. They have been to the league playoffs five times. The Sioux City Musketeers are a junior hockey team based in Sioux City. They play in the United States Hockey League (USHL). They play their home games at the Tyson Events Center. Their first year of hockey was in 1972. The Musketeers have won the gold cup in the 1985 1986 season, the National Runner up twice (1993–94, 1995–96), the Anderson Cup three times (1981–82, 1985–86, 2016–17), the Clark Cup four times (1981–82, 1985–86, 2001–02, 2021 22 ), and Western Division Champions for the 2004–05, and 2016 17 seasons. The Sioux City Roller Dames were a non profit roller derby corporation. The Roller Dames played all home games at the Longlines Family Recreation Center. The Dames hosted their first tournament in November 2008 and dissolved in December 2016. In the late 19th century, the Sioux City Cornhuskers played baseball in the Western League. After a five year stint in St. Paul, Minnesota, the league changed its name to the American League, and the team moved to Chicago, where it continues today as the Chicago White Sox. The Sioux City Stampede play amateur outdoor football in the Midwest Football Alliance. The Sioux City Swine plays rugby union.

Stone State Park is in the northwest corner of the city, overlooking the South Dakota/Iowa border. Stone Park is near the northernmost extent of the Loess Hills, and is at the transition from clay bluffs and prairie to sedimentary rock hills and bur oak forest along the Iowa side of the Big Sioux River. The park is used by picnickers, day hikers, and for mountain biking. Dorothy Pecaut Nature Center is a destination nature preserve for Woodbury County, and is located within the boundaries of Stone State Park. The butterfly garden is unique to the area; wild turkeys and white tail deer are commonly sighted from the well marked trails. Downtown entertainment venues include the Hard Rock Hotel & Casino, the 10,000 seat Tyson Events Center/ Fleet Farm Arena, Sioux City Orpheum Theatre, Promenade Cinema 14 and the Anderson Dance Pavilion which overlooks the Missouri River. Pulaski Park is named for the Polish General Kazimierz Pułaski, who fought in the American Revolution. This park features baseball diamond facilities, and is located in western Morningside along old U. S. Highway 75 (South Lewis Blvd.). It is largely built on the filled lakebed of Half Moon Lake, which was originally created in the 1890s by the excavation of fill dirt to build the approaches for the iron railroad bridge spanning the Missouri near the stockyards. Latham Park is located in a residential area of Morningside, and is It was left in trust in 1937 under the terms of Clara Latham's will; her family had built the house on of ground in 1915. The house and grounds are currently being restored by the Friends of Latham Park. First Bride's Grave is tucked in a corner pocket of South Ravine Park, lies a series of paths, trails, and steps leading to the grave of the First Bride of Sioux City, Rosalie Menard. She was the first bride of a non Native American to be wed in Sioux City, Iowa, thus receiving her title. War Eagle Park is named for the Yankton Sioux chief Wambdi Okicize who befriended early settlers. A monument overlooks the confluence of the Big Sioux and Missouri Rivers. The sculpture represents the chief in his role as a leader and peacemaker, wearing the eagle feather bonnet and holding the ceremonial pipe. Riverside Park is located on the banks of the Big Sioux River. One of the oldest recreational areas of the city, it is home to the Sioux City Boat Club and Sioux City Community Theater. The park is on land that once belonged to the first white settler in the area, Théophile Bruguier; his original cabin is preserved in the park. Bacon Creek Park is located northeast of Morningside and features a scenic walking trail, dog park, picnic shelters, and playground equipment. Golf courses, city parks, and aquatics: Sioux City is also home to several municipal public golf courses, including Floyd Park in Morningside, Green Valley near the Southern Hills, Sun Valley on the northern West Side, and Hidden Acres in nearby Plymouth County. Sioux City also has a number of private golf clubs, including Sioux City Country Club, and Whispering Creek Golf Club. The city has over of public parkland located at 53 locations, including the riverfront and many miles of recreation trails. Five public swimming pools/aquatics centers are located within Sioux City neighborhoods.

The Sioux City Community School District served 14,569 students in the 2018 2019 school year; there are three public high schools West High School, North High School, East High School (grades 9 12), three public Middle Schools, West Middle, North Middle, and East Middle (grades 6 8), and 19 Elementary Schools (grades K 5). Because of sprawl, districts around Sioux City continue to grow at dramatic rates. South Sioux City, Hinton, North Sioux City, Lawton, Bronson, Elk Point, Jefferson, Vermillion, Le Mars, Hawarden, Akron, Westfield, Ponca, Sergeant Bluff, Wayne, Sioux Center, along with other school districts that serve many metro area students.

Bishop Heelan Catholic Schools is a centralized private Catholic School System that includes six schools: They teach preschool through twelfth grade. Siouxland Christian School educates grades pre K 12 and began in 1959.

Sioux City is home to Briar Cliff University, Morningside University, Western Iowa Tech Community College, St. Luke's College of Nursing, and the Bellevue University outreach center.

KTIV, Channel 4, NBC affiliate (4.1); CW affiliate (4.2); MeTV affiliate (4.3); Court TV affiliate (4.4); Ion Television affiliate (4.5); Circle affiliate (4.6)
KCAU TV, Channel 9, ABC affiliate (9.1); Ion Mystery affiliate (9.2); Laff affiliate (9.3); Bounce TV affiliate (9.4)
KMEG, Channel 14, Dabl affiliate (14.1); Charge! (TV network) affiliate (14.2); Comet affiliate (14.3); Stadium affiliate (14.4)
KSIN, Channel 27, an Iowa PBS station: digital channels are PBS (27.1), PBS Kids (27.2), World Channel (27.3), and Create (27.4)
KPTH, Channel 44, Fox affiliate (44.1); TBD affiliate and MyNetworkTV affiliate (44.2); CBS affiliate (44.3)

KFHC FM, 88.1, Catholic radio featuring EWTN programming. KWIT, 90.3, National Public Radio owned by Western Iowa Tech Community College. KMSC, 92.9, college radio station operated by Morningside University. KGLI, 95.5, "KG95", adult contemporary. KSEZ, 97.9, "Z98", active rock. KKMA, 99.5, "Classic Rock 99.5", plays classic rock. KKYY, 101.3, "Y101.3", country music. KQNU, 102.3, ("Q 102.3"), adult hits. KTFC, 103.3, Religious radio broadcasting the Bott Radio Network. KSUX, 105.7, "The SuperPig, K Sioux 105.7", country music. KSFT FM, 107.1, "107.1 KISS FM", top 40.

KMNS, 620, sports talk radio. KSCJ, 1360, talk radio. KWSL, 1470, Spanish music.

Sioux City Journal, daily newspaper serving greater Sioux City area, including Iowa, Nebraska and South Dakota. Dakota County Star, weekly newspaper serving northeast Nebraska. Sioux City Hispanos Unidos, bi weekly Spanish readers paper. The Weekender, weekly arts and entertainment magazine serving the Sioux City metro area east into Western Iowa and north to the South Dakota border. Siouxland Magazine, quarterly magazine with community/lifestyle features.

Interstate 29. Interstate 129 is a bypass to surrounding suburbs. Interstate 129. U. S. Route 20.

Sioux City Transit, the local public transit organization, operates several bus lines within the city. Buses transfer downtown in the Martin Luther King Jr. Transportation Center at 505 Nebraska Street. The Sioux City Paratransit serves members of the community who would otherwise not be able to travel by providing door to door service.

The city is served by Sioux Gateway Airport (SUX) to its south where United Airlines' affiliate SkyWest Airlines has announced it plans to discontinue the one flight per day each to Chicago and Denver it currently offers. As those flights are federally subsidized under the Essential Air Service program, SkyWest is required to continue those flights until a replacement is found. FBO and jet charter services are currently offered by Hawthorne Global Aviation Services.

Jefferson Lines runs long distance bus routes to Sioux City. Non Transfer destinations include Winnipeg, Kansas City, Minneapolis, and Omaha. Sioux City also has several private taxi companies that operate within the city. There is no established water or rail passenger transportation in the area. The last passenger train was the Illinois Central's Hawkeye, a daily train to Chicago via Waterloo, Dubuque and Rockford, discontinued in 1971. Big Soo Terminal offers barge transportation.