Образование президентов США: история и тенденции.

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Most presidents of the United States received a college education, even most of the earliest. Of the first seven presidents, five were college graduates. College degrees have set the presidents apart from the general population, and presidents have held degrees even though it was quite rare and unnecessary for practicing most occupations, including law. Of the 45 individuals to have been the president, 25 of them graduated from a private undergraduate college, nine graduated from a public undergraduate college, and 12 held no degree. Every president since 1953 has had a bachelor's degree, reflecting the increasing importance of higher education in the United States.

Some presidents attended more than one institution. George Washington never attended college, though The College of William & Mary did issue him a surveyor's certificate. Two presidents have attended a foreign college at the undergraduate level: John Quincy Adams at Leiden University and Bill Clinton at the University of Oxford (John F. Kennedy intended to study at the London School of Economics, but failed to attend as he fell ill before classes began.) Three presidents have attended the United States Service academies: Ulysses S. Grant and Dwight D. Eisenhower graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, while Jimmy Carter graduated from the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland. No presidents have graduated from the United States Coast Guard Academy or the much newer U. S. Air Force Academy. Eisenhower also graduated from the Army Command and General Staff College, Army Industrial College and Army War College. These were not degree granting institutions when Eisenhower attended, but were part of his professional education as a career soldier.

A total of 20 presidents attended some form of graduate school (including professional schools). Among them, eleven presidents received a graduate degree during their lifetimes; two more received graduate degrees posthumously.

School Location President(s) Harvard Business School Boston, Massachusetts George W. Bush (MBA)

School Location President(s) Harvard Business School Boston, Massachusetts George W. Bush

PresidentsHigh school or equivalent Undergraduate school Graduate school George WashingtonLower Church Schoolnonenone John AdamsBraintree Latin SchoolHarvard UniversityHarvard University (A. M.) Thomas JeffersonJames Maury's SchoolThe College of William and Marynone James MadisonDonald Robertson's SchoolPrinceton Universitynone James MonroeCampbelltown AcademyThe College of William and Mary (did not graduate)none John Quincy AdamsPassy AcademyLeiden University (transferred)Harvard UniversityHarvard University (A. M.) Andrew JacksonWilliam Humphries' AcademyJames White Stephenson's Academynonenone Martin Van BurenKinderhook AcademyWashington Seminarynonenone William Henry HarrisonMillfield AcademyHampden–Sydney College (withdrew)University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (withdrew) John TylerCollege of William and Mary Preparatory SchoolThe College of William and Marynone James K. PolkZion Presbyterian Church AcademyBradley AcademyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hillnone Zachary TaylorKean O'Hara's Academynonenone Millard FillmoreNew Hope Academynonenone Franklin Pierce Phillips Exeter AcademyBowdoin CollegeNorthampton Law School (withdrew) James BuchananOld Stone AcademyDickinson Collegenone Abraham LincolnBriefly attended schools in Hardin County, Kentucky and Spencer County, Indiananonenone Andrew JohnsonTutored while an apprentice tailor and by his wifenonenone Ulysses S. GrantMaysville AcademyUnited States Military Academynone Rutherford B. HayesNorwalk SeminaryThe Webb SchoolKenyon CollegeHarvard Law School James GarfieldGeauga Seminary Hiram College (transferred)Williams Collegenone Chester A. ArthurSchenectady Lyceum and AcademyUnion CollegeState and National Law School (did not graduate) Grover Cleveland Clinton Academynonenone Benjamin HarrisonFarmers' CollegeMiami Universitynone William McKinley Poland AcademyAllegheny College (withdrew)Mount Union College (withdrew)Albany Law School (withdrew) Theodore Roosevelt Schooled at home by parents and private tutorsHarvard UniversityColumbia Law School (withdrew) (awarded J. D. in 2008, class of 1882) William Howard Taft Woodward High SchoolYale University University of Cincinnati College of Law Woodrow Wilson Schooled at home by parents and private tutors Davidson College (transferred)Princeton UniversityUniversity of Virginia School of Law (withdrew)Johns Hopkins University Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences (Ph. D.) Warren G. Harding Caledonia High School Ohio Central Collegenone Calvin Coolidge Black River AcademySt. Johnsbury Academy Amherst Collegenone Herbert Hoover Friends Pacific Academy (now George Fox University) Capital Business College (attended)Stanford Universitynone Franklin D. RooseveltGroton SchoolHarvard UniversityColumbia Law School (withdrew) (awarded J. D. in 2008, class of 1907) Harry S. TrumanIndependence High School Spalding's Commercial College (withdrew)Kansas City Law School (now University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Law) (withdrew) Dwight D. EisenhowerAbilene High SchoolUnited States Military Academy (West Point)United States Army Command and General Staff CollegeUnited States Army Industrial CollegeUnited States Army War College John F. KennedyDexter SchoolThe Choate School London School of Economics (General Course Program)Princeton University (transferred)Harvard UniversityStanford Graduate School of Business (auditor) Lyndon B. JohnsonJohnson City High SchoolSouthwest Texas State Teachers College (now Texas State University)Georgetown University Law Center (withdrew) Richard NixonWhittier High SchoolWhittier College Duke University School of Law Gerald FordGrand Rapids South High SchoolUniversity of Michigan University of Michigan Law School (transferred)Yale Law School Jimmy CarterPlains High SchoolGeorgia Southwestern College (transferred)Georgia Institute of Technology (transferred)United States Naval AcademyUnion College (Postgraduate Nuclear Physics Course Program) Ronald ReaganDixon High SchoolEureka College none George H. W. BushPhillips AcademyYale Universitynone Bill ClintonHot Springs High SchoolGeorgetown UniversityUniversity of Oxford (Rhodes Scholar; withdrew)Yale Law School (J. D.) George W. BushPhillips AcademyYale UniversityHarvard Business School Barack ObamaPunahou SchoolOccidental College (transferred)Columbia University Harvard Law School (J. D.) Donald TrumpNew York Military AcademyFordham University (transferred)Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvanianone Joe Biden Archmere AcademyUniversity of DelawareSyracuse University College of Law (J. D.)

President(s) School Position Years James A. Garfield Hiram College Professor of Latin, Greek, Mathematics, History, Philosophy, Rhetoric and English literature 1857–1861 Grover Cleveland Princeton University Stafford Little Lecturer on Public Affairs 1899–1908 William Howard Taft University of Cincinnati College of Law Dean1896–1900 Yale Law School Kent Professor of Law 1913–1921 Boston University School of Law Lecturer on Legal Ethics 1918–1921 Woodrow Wilson Bryn Mawr CollegeProfessor of Politics and History 1885–1888Wesleyan UniversityProfessor of Politics 1888–1890Canisius CollegeVisiting Lecturer 1962 Richard Nixon Whittier College Adjunct lecturer, taught undergraduate legal studies class 1937–1942 Jimmy Carter Emory University University Distinguished Professor 1982–present George H. W. Bush Rice University Part Time Professor of Administrative Science 1978 Bill Clinton University of Arkansas Assistant Professor of Law 1973–1977 Barack Obama University of Chicago Law School Senior Lecturer1992–2004 Joe Biden Widener University Delaware Law School Adjunct Professor 1991–2008 University of Pennsylvania Benjamin Franklin Presidential Practice professor 2017–2019

President(s) School Position Years Thomas Jefferson University of Virginia 1st rector 1819–1826 James Madison University of Virginia 2nd rector 1826–1836 James A. Garfield Hiram College President 1857–1860 Millard Fillmore University of Buffalo Chancellor 1846–1874 Woodrow Wilson Princeton University President 1902–1910 Dwight D. Eisenhower Columbia University President 1948–1953

President(s) School Position Years George Washington College of William and Mary Chancellor 1788–1799 Washington College Allowed use of his name, Benefactor, Board of Governors 1782–1799George Washington UniversityLeft shares in his will to establish a university in the District of Columbia1799 Washington and Lee University Benefactor 1796 Thomas Jefferson University of Virginia Board of Visitors 1819–1826 James Madison University of Virginia Board of Visitors 1819–1836 Madison College (Pennsylvania) Allowed use of his name; benefactor: contributed funds ($2,000 in 1827 dollars) towards founding 1827 James Monroe George Washington University Benefactor 1821University of VirginiaBoard of Visitors1826–1831 John Quincy Adams Harvard University Board of Overseers 1830–1848 George Washington University Benefactor, Board of Trustees 1832 Andrew Jackson University of Nashville Board of Trustees 1806–1845 Martin Van Buren University of the State of New York Board of Regents 1816–1829 John Tyler College of William and Mary Chancellor 1859–1862Ulysses S. GrantGeorge Washington UniversityBoard of Trustees1869–1877 Millard Fillmore University at Buffalo Chancellor 1846–1874 Franklin Pierce Norwich University Board of Trustees 1841–1859 James Buchanan Franklin & Marshall College President, Board of Trustees 1853–1865 Rutherford B. Hayes Ohio State University Board of Trustees 1881–1893 Western Reserve University Chairman of the Board of Trustees 1881–1893 Ohio Wesleyan University Board of Trustees 1884–1893 James A. Garfield Hiram College Board of Trustees 1866–1881 Hampton University Board of Trustees 1877–1881 Benjamin Harrison Purdue University Board of Trustees 1895–1901 Grover Cleveland Princeton University Board of Trustees 1901–1908 William McKinley American University Board of Trustees 1899–1901 Theodore Roosevelt American University Board of Trustees 1900–1919 Harvard University Board of Overseers 1895–1901, 1915–1916 William Howard Taft Yale University Member of the Yale Corporation 1901–1913 Hampton University Board of Trustees 1909–1930 Warren G. Harding American University Board of Trustees 1921–1923 Calvin Coolidge Amherst College Board of Trustees (life member) 1921–1933 Herbert Hoover Stanford University Board of Trustees 1923–1960 American University Board of Trustees 1945–1950 Franklin D. Roosevelt Harvard University Board of Overseers 1917–1923 Vassar College Board of Trustees 1923–1945 Dwight D. Eisenhower Eisenhower College Namesake, fundraiser 1965–1969 John F. Kennedy Harvard University Board of Overseers 1957–1958 Jimmy Carter Mercer University Board of Trustees 2012–present Ronald Reagan Eureka College Board of Trustees 1947–1953, 1967–1973, 1974–1980