История телескопов и астрономических наблюдений

None

Timeline of telescopes, observatories, and observing technology.

10th century – Large astrolabe of diameter 1.4 meters constructed by Ibn Yunus
994 – First sextant constructed in Ray, Iran, by Abu Mahmud al Khujandi. It was a very large mural sextant that achieved a high level of accuracy for astronomical measurements.

2001 – First light at the Keck Interferometer. Single baseline operations begin in the near infrared. 2001 – First light at VLTI interferometry array. Operations on the interferometer start with single baseline near infrared observations with the 103 m baseline. 2005 – First imaging with the VLTI using the AMBER optical aperture synthesis instrument and three VLT telescopes. 2005 – First light at SALT, the largest optical telescope in the Southern Hemisphere, with a hexagonal primary mirror of 11.1 by 9.8 meters. 2007 – First light at Gran Telescopio de Canarias (GTC), in Spain, the largest optical telescope in the world with an effective diameter of 10.4 meters. 2021 — James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), was launched 25 December 2021 on an ESA Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana and will succeed the Hubble Space Telescope as NASA's flagship mission in astrophysics. 2023 — Euclid, was launched on 1 July 2023 on a Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida, to study dark matter and energy. 2023 — XRISM was launched on 6 September 2023 on a H IIA rocket to study the formation of the universe and the dark matter.

Public Telescope (PST), German project of astrofactum. Launch was planned for 2019, but the project's website is now defunct and no updates have been provided on the fate of the effort. Mid/late 2021 – Science first light of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory is anticipated for 2021 with full science operations to begin a year later. Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, part of NASA's Exoplanet Exploration Program. Launch is tentatively scheduled for 2027.