Советская ракета класса «воздух-воздух» К-8 и её модификации

The Kaliningrad K 8 (R 8) (NATO reporting name AA 3 'Anab') was a medium range air to air missile developed by the Soviet Union for interceptor aircraft use. The K 8 was developed by OKB 339/NII 339 (currently Phazotron NIIR). The infrared seeker was developed by TsKB 589 GKOT (currently TsKB Geofizika), who also developed the seeker for 9M31 missile of 9K31 Strela 1.

The K 8's development began in 1955, known as R 8 in service. Like most Soviet air to air missiles, it was made with a choice of semi active radar homing or infrared seeker heads. The original missile was compatible with the Uragan 5B radar used on the Sukhoi Su 11 and several developmental aircraft from Mikoyan Gurevich. It was upgraded to R 8M (better known as R 98) standard in 1961, giving the SARH weapon the capability for head on intercepts. In 1963 it was further upgraded to the R 8M1, making it compatible with the RP 11 Oryol D radar of the Sukhoi Su 15 and Yakovlev Yak 28P. Subsequent development led in 1965 to R 8M2, more commonly called R 98, with longer range and improved seekers, compatible with the upgraded RP 11 Oryol M ("Eagle") radar. The final variant, introduced from 1973, was the R 98M1 (NATO 'Advanced Anab') with better countermeasures resistance and longer range, matched to the Taifun M radar of the Su 15TM and Yak 28PM interceptors. The R 98M1 remained in service through the 1980s, being withdrawn with the last Su 15 'Flagon' interceptors. A variant using the seeker heads of the K 13, giving better dogfight capability, was developed in 1960 as the K 88, but it did not enter service. An inert training version was also developed, designated UR 8M. The R 98 brought down Korean Air Lines Flight 007 on September 1, 1983.