Австралийский Королевский Военно-Морской Добровольческий Резерв: История и Служба

Former reserve force of the Royal Australian Navy

Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve (RANVR) was a reserve force of the Royal Australian Navy.

In late 1920, the Navy Board proposed the creation of an Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve scheme, with approaches made to yachting and rowing clubs, starting in New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Men who were undergoing or liable to compulsory training under the Defence Act (Cwlth) were ineligible for enrolment. For the volunteers, a period of five years of service was proposed with parading twice a month, training occur outside of business hours, entry as an able seaman rating, and officer appointments not based on social or other positions. Requirements later included fourteen days training every alternate year, and 'seven days out of this period should be spent afloat'. By 1925, following mufti attire on parades, the uniform was determined to be the same as the regular forces, with 'RANVR' replacing 'RANR' on the cap band, and the uniform to be supplied by the government instead of the individual as had been the case in the past. Members, unless former ratings of the Royal Navy or Royal Australian Navy, had to be more than 21 years of age. One officer also served as the Royal Navy liaison officer to the Soviet Navy. was a fishing trawler requisitioned by the Royal Navy in 1940 and converted for anti submarine warfare. It went into service in January 1941 and served with the 31st Anti Submarine Group based at Gibraltar under the command of Lieutenant Commander Arthur Henry Callaway DSO RANVR, sinking the German submarine U 111.

was a of the Royal Navy. She was commanded by Acting Lieutenant Commander Maurice George Rose, RANVR from 2 May 1941 to 1 May 1943, succeeded by Lieutenant George Lanning, RANVR until 11 June 1945. She was part of Escort Group B7, one of seven such British naval groups which served with the Mid Ocean Escort Force (MOEF). It provided convoy protection in the most dangerous midsection of the North Atlantic route. In June 1945, the starting contingent of 12 RAAF pilots were transferred to the RANVR, to undergo training and service with the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy. It was confirmed members could receive promotion in exceptional circumstances if they had the special qualifications. Members demobilising at the end of the war were entitled to a discharge certificate.

In August 1948, with just 948 members on Royal Australian Navy's reserve list, the RANVR was reestablished, seeking 30000 former reservists with wartime service rejoin for a four year term. By December, 1300 former navy members had applied. Youth and men with no naval experience would be sought later. The Women's Royal Australian Naval Reserve was also created. RANVR personnel were different to the Royal Australian Naval Reserve. The former could be called up for hostilities, whereas the latter group could be mobilised at any time. The minimum recruiting age was seventeen years. With the onset of the Korean War in 1950, those persons unable to join the Royal Australian Naval Reserve due to an inability to perform training or distance were able to be accepted into the RANVR. A submission was also made at this time to have all service payments to members tax free. Reservists continued to be used in various capacities such as additional staffing for the 1962 Exercise Seascape, part of a South East Asia Treaty Organisation operation. The current Royal Australian Naval Reserve was formed in June 1973, from a merger of the RANVR and the RANR (Seagoing), formed in 1921 and 1913 respectively.

Various members of the RANVR received acknowledgement for their service. By May 1944, fifty six RANVR personnel had received 71 decorations or awards; and by August 1944, RANVR personnel had been included two George Crosses, two DSOs, two OBEs, two MBEs, sixteen DSCs, one Conspicuous Gallantry Medal, two DSMs, and ten George Medals. Due to wartime security, the reasons for the awards were not always released at the time of awarding. A person's presence in the below list does not suggest their award was more notable than any other award; ranks and existing citations are as of the time of the awarding; and the list is incomplete. Person may be listed for more than one entry. List ranked by 'order of wear'. NameRank AgeAward Action/citationYearawarded Lieutenant 35 GC For naval mine clearance. Only one of eight individuals who were awarded both the George Cross and the George Medal. (Also holds DSC.) (Resident of East Perth, WA.) Sep 1944 Lieutenant 33 GC For naval mine clearance, clearing the port of Bremen, rendering safe a new type of enemy mine. (Resident of North Adelaide, SA.) Apr 1946 Lieutenant 32 GC For naval mine clearance, stripping live enemy mines. (Also holds GM.) Mar 1943 Lieutenant 40 GC For naval mine clearance. One of two persons to be awarded a GC, GM and bar. (Also holds GM and bar.) (Resident of Melbourne, Victoria.) Aug 1943 Temporary Lieutenant OBE For special services, related to bomb disposal work, for an act 'of surpassing coolness and courage', dismantling a land mine in Britain. (Resident of London.) Apr 1942 Lieutenant OBE Replacing an MBE awarded in October 1943. (Resident of Collaroy, NSW.) Apr 1944 Commander OBE For meritorious service in organising, directing, and planning propaganda work for the Far Eastern Liaison Office from 1942 to the end of the war against Japan. Later made a CBE in the 1958 New Year Honours unrelated to the RANVR. (Resident of Victoria.) Jan 1946 Lieutenant MBE For bravery and steadfast devotion to duty. (Resident of Collaroy, NSW.) Oct 1943 Lieutenant MBE For bravery and steadfast devotion to duty. Rendered mines safe from Darwin. Died 18 May 1953. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Jan 1944 Lieutenant (Sp) MBE For initiative and devotion to duty under hazardous and arduous conditions. (Resident of Somerset, England.) Jun 1945 Lieutenant Commander MBE Appointed in the King's Birthday Honours 1943. Gill also wrote the two volumes on the Royal Australian Navy in the official history series Australia in the War of 1939–1945. (Resident of Melbourne, Victoria.) Jun 1943 Lieutenant Commander MBE (Melbourne 19 September 1922 – Adelaide 14 January 2017). (Resident of North Adelaide, SA.) Jan 1971 Temporary Lieutenant MBE For bravery in saving life after HMS was sunk. (Resident of WA.) May 1943 Lieutenant (Sp) MBE For initiative and devotion to duty under hazardous and arduous conditions. (1915–1980) (Resident of Bowen, Queensland.) Jun 1945 Lieutenant MBE For distinguished service during the European war. Later involved in mine clearance. (Resident of Perth, WA.) Dec 1945 Engineer Lieutenant (ME) 58 MBE Shepperd had previously earned a DSM in 1943 as a chief engine room artificer (but at that time was not with the RANVR). (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Jan 1967 Lieutenant Commander MBE Outstanding zeal and devotion throughout long service. (Resident of NSW.) Jun 1945 Lieutenant DSO 1st bar (Also holds a Bronze Star.) Jan 1946 Lieutenant Commander 35 DSO For conspicuous gallantry and bravery in a daring and brilliant action with against a German U boat twice her size and more heavily armed. Callaway was believed to be killed in action in December 1941 against another U boat. Oct 1941 Sub Lieutenant DSO For daring, resource and devotion to duty while serving in at Namsos, Norway. Aug 1940 Lieutenant 26 DSO After crewing a midget submarine HMS X24 and sinking two ships and a floating dock in Bergen, Norway in April 1944. Jun 1944 Lieutenant Commander 38 DSC 2nd bar For courage, outstanding efficiency and devotion to duty whilst serving in , in a successful engagement with an enemy submarine off Start Point, Devon, on 16 April 1945. He received an OBE in June 1960, and retired from the RAN Reserve in 1961. Born on 17 August 1907, Darling died on 18 November 2002 in Sydney. (Resident of Tasmania.) Aug 1945 Lieutenant 27 DSC 2nd bar Second bar to the DSC, penetrating D Day Normandy minefields in pitch darkness, in a midget submarine. He was the first Australian volunteer reservist to win two decorations for submarine service, which arose from Atlantic convoying. (Resident of Tasmania.) Nov 1944 Lieutenant 26 DSC 1st bar Involved with XE class submarines. (Resident of Hobart, Tasmania.) Apr 1944 Lieutenant Commander DSC 1st bar For gallantry, skill and devotion to duty while serving in His Majesty's Australian ships in successful assault operations in Lingayen Gulf, Luzon Island. (Resident of Cottesloe, WA.) Jun 1950 Sub Lieutenant 36 DSC 1st bar For sinking of a German U boat on 10 April 1945. Sep 1945 Provisional lieutenant DSC 1st bar For bravery and skill in the Mediterranean, damaging an Italian cruiser in the Straits of Messina. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Dec 1943 Temporary Acting Lieutenant Commander DSC For work during Allied invasion of Europe, commanding a division of tank landing craft at Normandy. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Jun 1945 Temporary Sub Lieutenant 23 DSC For submarine hunting when on North Atlantic convey operations. Jun 1944 Temporary Lieutenant DSC For gallantry in the face of the enemy, and for setting an exampleof wholehearted devotion to duty which upheld the high traditions of the Royal Navy. (Resident of Sarina, Queensland.) Jun 1944 Lieutenant (Sp) DSC 'Lieutenant Billman landed on Panaon Island on with the assault forces. He displayed bravery, devotion to duty and exceptional skill over a period of four months in dealing with Japanese mines and unexploded bombs in the clearance operations in the Philippines.' Received a Commander 7th Fleet Commendation in June 1945. (Resident of Shepparton, Victoria.) Nov 1945 Lieutenant DSC For his part in the sinking of a U boat in October 1940 by Feb 1944 Sub Lieutenant DSC For bravery and enterprise in reconnaissance operations. Nov 1941 Sub Lieutenant 26 DSC For conduct in naval anti submarine operations in the Mediterranean Sea. Jan 1941 Lieutenant Commander 37 DSC For his part in anti U boat operations in resulting in the destruction of a U boat (Resident of Tasmania.) Nov 1944 Acting Lieutenant Commander DSC Commanding a tank landing ship. (Resident of Medindie, SA.) Feb 1945 Temporary Lieutenant DSC For exceptional skill, audacity and judgment whilst serving in one of H. M. Submarines. May 1945 Lieutenant 35 DSC Naval mine clearance. (Also holds GC and GM.) Jan 1945 Temporary Lieutenant DSC For courage, skill and devotion to duty whilst serving in H. M. S. A. S. , H. M. C. S. , H. M. Ships , and and Light Coastal Forces, in the destruction of enemy submarines and midget submarines. Jul 1945 Lieutenant DSC For service in Greece and the Dalmatian Islands. Jan 1941 Temporary Lieutenant DSC Dived from his small craft into oil smeared waters to rescue survivors from a sunk destroyer. (Resident of England.) Jul 1944 Lieutenant DSC For outstanding courage and devotion. Involved with XE class submarines. (Resident of Hobart, Tasmania.) Jan 1944 Acting Lieutenant 31 DSC For great daring and enterprise. Coastwatcher. Presented by His Majesty, The King, at Buckingham Palace. (Also holds the Silver Star.) Lt Geoffrey J. Gellie was the first RANVR member given permanent command of a submarine in April 1944. Littlejohn's DSC was the 47th DSC to RAN personnel. Dec 1943 Lieutenant 23 DSC For his part in the dramatic attempt to seize Oran against Vichy France in November 1942. Awarded prior to March 1945. (Resident of Cottesloe, WA.) May 1943 Temporary Lieutenant DSC Serving with the light coastal forces in Britain. Oct 1944 Acting Temporary Lieutenant Commander 35 DSC For gallantry in the landing at El Agala. McKauge was later made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for service to veterans. Jun 1944 Sub Lieutenant 31 DSC For "bravery and devotion to duty" while assisting the evacuation of forces from Norway on the armed trawler St Loman, as a member of the 15th Anti Submarine Striking Force. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Sep 1943 Lieutenant 31 DSC For great daring and enterprise. (Resident of Bendigo, Victoria.) Jul 1944 Ordinary seaman CGM After was attacked and cut in half, he shot down an enemy plane that was machine gunning survivors in the water. Jan 1942 Lieutenant GM 1st bar Naval mine clearance. (Resident of Melbourne, Victoria.) Jun 1942 Lieutenant GM Naval mine clearance. Apr 1944 Lieutenant GM Naval mine clearance. Posthumous award (d. April 1941). (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Jun 1941 Lieutenant 32 GM Naval mine clearance, including multiple unexploded mines, deep in mud. (Also holds GC.) (Resident of NSW.) Apr 1942 Lieutenant GM Naval mine clearance. May 1942 Ordinary seaman DSM (Resident of Brisbane, Queensland.) Dec 1942 Able seaman 37 DSM For great daring and enterprise. (Resident of Rabaul, New Guinea.) Jul 1944 Sub Lieutenant MiD For bravery and enterprise in reconnaissance operations. Oct 1945 Lieutenant (Sp) MiD For courage, skill and undaunted devotion to duty in exceptionally hazardous operations, in the Nassau Bay area in August 1944 for diligent clearing unexploded ordnance from the Leyte and Manila Bay areas. (Resident of Queensland.) Dec 1944 Lieutenant MiD On board Feb 1942 Lieutenant MiD Courage and skill during anti U boat operations while serving in (Resident of Sale, Victoria.) Dec 1944 Probationary Sub Lieutenant MiD Sep 1940 Lieutenant Commander MiD (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Oct 1945 Lieutenant MiD Aug 1944 Temporary Lieutenant MiD Part of a beachhead landing at Anzio, Italy. (Resident of Tasmania.) Nov 1944 Acting Temporary Lieutenant Commander MiD For gallantry, skill, determination and undaunted devotion to duty during the landing of Allied forces on the coast of Normandy. Commanded a fleet mine sweeper. (Resident of Adelaide, SA.) Dec 1944 Lieutenant MiD For skill, determination and bravery in anti U boat operations whilst serving with H. M. Ships , and Mar 1945 Lieutenant MiD For outstanding courage, skill and initiative while serving in H. M. Australian Ships , , , , , and , and Light Coastal Forces, over a period of seven months, in operations in the Far East which covered the bombardments of Tarakan, Wewak, Lubuan and Balikpapan and the attack on Lingayen Gulf, Aitape and Wewak. (Resident of Potts Point, NSW.) Jun 1943 Sub Lieutenant MiD For gallantry, skill, and leadership in engagement with enemy E boats while serving with light coastal forces in England. Apr 1945 Lieutenant MiD Already with a DSC. (Resident of Cottesloe, WA.) Mar 1945 Temporary Lieutenant MiD For work during Allied invasion of Europe, commanding a division of tank landing craft at Normandy. (Resident of Brisbane, Queensland.) Jan 1941 Lieutenant MiD Good services in action against submarines. Died 11 March 1942 near Iceland on HMS Stella Capella when the trawler was sunk by German submarine U 701. (Resident of Brisbane, Queensland.) Jan 1942 Lieutenant MiD For bravery and enterprise in reconnaissance operations. Mar 1945 Lieutenant MiD For outstanding courage, skill and initiative while serving in H. M. Australian Ships , , , , , and , and Light Coastal Forces, over a period of seven months, in operations in the Far East which covered the bombardments of Tarakan, Wewak, Lubuan and Balikpapan and the attack on Lingayen Gulf, Aitape and Wewak. (Resident of Caulfield, Victoria.) Jun 1945 Temporary Acting Lieutenant Commander (S) MiD For good services whilst attached to the Sea Frontier in the repatriation of British Prisoners of War from the Far East. Mar 1946 Lieutenant MiD Gallantry, skill, determination and devotion. Relating to duty during the landing of Allied forces on the coast of Normandy. (Resident of Queensland.) Jan 1945 Lieutenant MiD For work during Allied invasion of Europe, commanding a division of tank landing craft at Normandy. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Lieutenant Commander (SP) VRD (Resident of Hobart, Tasmania.) 1953 Lieutenant Commander VRD Apr 1961 Lieutenant Commander VRD 1945 Lieutenant Silver Star (USA) For service with the US First Marine Raider Battalion in the landings at Tulagi, Solomon Islands, in August 1942. (Resident of England.) Sep 1943 Lieutenant Silver Star (USA) For service with the US First Marine Raider Battalion in the landings at Tulagi, Solomon Islands, in August 1942. (Resident of England.) Sep 1943 Lieutenant Bronze Star (USA) (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) 1948 Lieutenant Bronze Star (USA) For meritorious achievement as the commanding officer of the midget submarine HMS XE4 Exciter as part of Operation Sabre severing underwater telecommunication cables. Presented in March 1947. 1947 Lieutenant Bronze Star (USA) For meritorious achievement in the south west Pacific area from May 1943 to September 1944 as a coastwatcher. Presented in October 1948. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) 1948 Lieutenant Cross of Merit (Ned) For outstanding work for Netherlands forces and civilians in very trying circumstances. Lieutenant Davis, as deputy Naval Officer in charge of Broome, Port Hedland district during an enemy attack on Netherlands navy planes at Broome on March 3, 1942, showed conspicuous organising ability, handled transport in a masterly manner and rendered great assistance to those aboard this plane. Jul 1944

Various members of the RANVR received acknowledgement for their service. By May 1944, fifty six RANVR personnel had received 71 decorations or awards; and by August 1944, RANVR personnel had been included two George Crosses, two DSOs, two OBEs, two MBEs, sixteen DSCs, one Conspicuous Gallantry Medal, two DSMs, and ten George Medals. Due to wartime security, the reasons for the awards were not always released at the time of awarding. A person's presence in the below list does not suggest their award was more notable than any other award; ranks and existing citations are as of the time of the awarding; and the list is incomplete. Person may be listed for more than one entry. List ranked by 'order of wear'. NameRank AgeAward Action/citationYearawarded Lieutenant 35 GC For naval mine clearance. Only one of eight individuals who were awarded both the George Cross and the George Medal. (Also holds DSC.) (Resident of East Perth, WA.) Sep 1944 Lieutenant 33 GC For naval mine clearance, clearing the port of Bremen, rendering safe a new type of enemy mine. (Resident of North Adelaide, SA.) Apr 1946 Lieutenant 32 GC For naval mine clearance, stripping live enemy mines. (Also holds GM.) Mar 1943 Lieutenant 40 GC For naval mine clearance. One of two persons to be awarded a GC, GM and bar. (Also holds GM and bar.) (Resident of Melbourne, Victoria.) Aug 1943 Temporary Lieutenant OBE For special services, related to bomb disposal work, for an act 'of surpassing coolness and courage', dismantling a land mine in Britain. (Resident of London.) Apr 1942 Lieutenant OBE Replacing an MBE awarded in October 1943. (Resident of Collaroy, NSW.) Apr 1944 Commander OBE For meritorious service in organising, directing, and planning propaganda work for the Far Eastern Liaison Office from 1942 to the end of the war against Japan. Later made a CBE in the 1958 New Year Honours unrelated to the RANVR. (Resident of Victoria.) Jan 1946 Lieutenant MBE For bravery and steadfast devotion to duty. (Resident of Collaroy, NSW.) Oct 1943 Lieutenant MBE For bravery and steadfast devotion to duty. Rendered mines safe from Darwin. Died 18 May 1953. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Jan 1944 Lieutenant (Sp) MBE For initiative and devotion to duty under hazardous and arduous conditions. (Resident of Somerset, England.) Jun 1945 Lieutenant Commander MBE Appointed in the King's Birthday Honours 1943. Gill also wrote the two volumes on the Royal Australian Navy in the official history series Australia in the War of 1939–1945. (Resident of Melbourne, Victoria.) Jun 1943 Lieutenant Commander MBE (Melbourne 19 September 1922 – Adelaide 14 January 2017). (Resident of North Adelaide, SA.) Jan 1971 Temporary Lieutenant MBE For bravery in saving life after HMS was sunk. (Resident of WA.) May 1943 Lieutenant (Sp) MBE For initiative and devotion to duty under hazardous and arduous conditions. (1915–1980) (Resident of Bowen, Queensland.) Jun 1945 Lieutenant MBE For distinguished service during the European war. Later involved in mine clearance. (Resident of Perth, WA.) Dec 1945 Engineer Lieutenant (ME) 58 MBE Shepperd had previously earned a DSM in 1943 as a chief engine room artificer (but at that time was not with the RANVR). (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Jan 1967 Lieutenant Commander MBE Outstanding zeal and devotion throughout long service. (Resident of NSW.) Jun 1945 Lieutenant DSO 1st bar (Also holds a Bronze Star.) Jan 1946 Lieutenant Commander 35 DSO For conspicuous gallantry and bravery in a daring and brilliant action with against a German U boat twice her size and more heavily armed. Callaway was believed to be killed in action in December 1941 against another U boat. Oct 1941 Sub Lieutenant DSO For daring, resource and devotion to duty while serving in at Namsos, Norway. Aug 1940 Lieutenant 26 DSO After crewing a midget submarine HMS X24 and sinking two ships and a floating dock in Bergen, Norway in April 1944. Jun 1944 Lieutenant Commander 38 DSC 2nd bar For courage, outstanding efficiency and devotion to duty whilst serving in , in a successful engagement with an enemy submarine off Start Point, Devon, on 16 April 1945. He received an OBE in June 1960, and retired from the RAN Reserve in 1961. Born on 17 August 1907, Darling died on 18 November 2002 in Sydney. (Resident of Tasmania.) Aug 1945 Lieutenant 27 DSC 2nd bar Second bar to the DSC, penetrating D Day Normandy minefields in pitch darkness, in a midget submarine. He was the first Australian volunteer reservist to win two decorations for submarine service, which arose from Atlantic convoying. (Resident of Tasmania.) Nov 1944 Lieutenant 26 DSC 1st bar Involved with XE class submarines. (Resident of Hobart, Tasmania.) Apr 1944 Lieutenant Commander DSC 1st bar For gallantry, skill and devotion to duty while serving in His Majesty's Australian ships in successful assault operations in Lingayen Gulf, Luzon Island. (Resident of Cottesloe, WA.) Jun 1950 Sub Lieutenant 36 DSC 1st bar For sinking of a German U boat on 10 April 1945. Sep 1945 Provisional lieutenant DSC 1st bar For bravery and skill in the Mediterranean, damaging an Italian cruiser in the Straits of Messina. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Dec 1943 Temporary Acting Lieutenant Commander DSC For work during Allied invasion of Europe, commanding a division of tank landing craft at Normandy. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Jun 1945 Temporary Sub Lieutenant 23 DSC For submarine hunting when on North Atlantic convey operations. Jun 1944 Temporary Lieutenant DSC For gallantry in the face of the enemy, and for setting an exampleof wholehearted devotion to duty which upheld the high traditions of the Royal Navy. (Resident of Sarina, Queensland.) Jun 1944 Lieutenant (Sp) DSC 'Lieutenant Billman landed on Panaon Island on with the assault forces. He displayed bravery, devotion to duty and exceptional skill over a period of four months in dealing with Japanese mines and unexploded bombs in the clearance operations in the Philippines.' Received a Commander 7th Fleet Commendation in June 1945. (Resident of Shepparton, Victoria.) Nov 1945 Lieutenant DSC For his part in the sinking of a U boat in October 1940 by Feb 1944 Sub Lieutenant DSC For bravery and enterprise in reconnaissance operations. Nov 1941 Sub Lieutenant 26 DSC For conduct in naval anti submarine operations in the Mediterranean Sea. Jan 1941 Lieutenant Commander 37 DSC For his part in anti U boat operations in resulting in the destruction of a U boat (Resident of Tasmania.) Nov 1944 Acting Lieutenant Commander DSC Commanding a tank landing ship. (Resident of Medindie, SA.) Feb 1945 Temporary Lieutenant DSC For exceptional skill, audacity and judgment whilst serving in one of H. M. Submarines. May 1945 Lieutenant 35 DSC Naval mine clearance. (Also holds GC and GM.) Jan 1945 Temporary Lieutenant DSC For courage, skill and devotion to duty whilst serving in H. M. S. A. S. , H. M. C. S. , H. M. Ships , and and Light Coastal Forces, in the destruction of enemy submarines and midget submarines. Jul 1945 Lieutenant DSC For service in Greece and the Dalmatian Islands. Jan 1941 Temporary Lieutenant DSC Dived from his small craft into oil smeared waters to rescue survivors from a sunk destroyer. (Resident of England.) Jul 1944 Lieutenant DSC For outstanding courage and devotion. Involved with XE class submarines. (Resident of Hobart, Tasmania.) Jan 1944 Acting Lieutenant 31 DSC For great daring and enterprise. Coastwatcher. Presented by His Majesty, The King, at Buckingham Palace. (Also holds the Silver Star.) Lt Geoffrey J. Gellie was the first RANVR member given permanent command of a submarine in April 1944. Littlejohn's DSC was the 47th DSC to RAN personnel. Dec 1943 Lieutenant 23 DSC For his part in the dramatic attempt to seize Oran against Vichy France in November 1942. Awarded prior to March 1945. (Resident of Cottesloe, WA.) May 1943 Temporary Lieutenant DSC Serving with the light coastal forces in Britain. Oct 1944 Acting Temporary Lieutenant Commander 35 DSC For gallantry in the landing at El Agala. McKauge was later made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire for service to veterans. Jun 1944 Sub Lieutenant 31 DSC For "bravery and devotion to duty" while assisting the evacuation of forces from Norway on the armed trawler St Loman, as a member of the 15th Anti Submarine Striking Force. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Sep 1943 Lieutenant 31 DSC For great daring and enterprise. (Resident of Bendigo, Victoria.) Jul 1944 Ordinary seaman CGM After was attacked and cut in half, he shot down an enemy plane that was machine gunning survivors in the water. Jan 1942 Lieutenant GM 1st bar Naval mine clearance. (Resident of Melbourne, Victoria.) Jun 1942 Lieutenant GM Naval mine clearance. Apr 1944 Lieutenant GM Naval mine clearance. Posthumous award (d. April 1941). (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Jun 1941 Lieutenant 32 GM Naval mine clearance, including multiple unexploded mines, deep in mud. (Also holds GC.) (Resident of NSW.) Apr 1942 Lieutenant GM Naval mine clearance. May 1942 Ordinary seaman DSM (Resident of Brisbane, Queensland.) Dec 1942 Able seaman 37 DSM For great daring and enterprise. (Resident of Rabaul, New Guinea.) Jul 1944 Sub Lieutenant MiD For bravery and enterprise in reconnaissance operations. Oct 1945 Lieutenant (Sp) MiD For courage, skill and undaunted devotion to duty in exceptionally hazardous operations, in the Nassau Bay area in August 1944 for diligent clearing unexploded ordnance from the Leyte and Manila Bay areas. (Resident of Queensland.) Dec 1944 Lieutenant MiD On board Feb 1942 Lieutenant MiD Courage and skill during anti U boat operations while serving in (Resident of Sale, Victoria.) Dec 1944 Probationary Sub Lieutenant MiD Sep 1940 Lieutenant Commander MiD (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Oct 1945 Lieutenant MiD Aug 1944 Temporary Lieutenant MiD Part of a beachhead landing at Anzio, Italy. (Resident of Tasmania.) Nov 1944 Acting Temporary Lieutenant Commander MiD For gallantry, skill, determination and undaunted devotion to duty during the landing of Allied forces on the coast of Normandy. Commanded a fleet mine sweeper. (Resident of Adelaide, SA.) Dec 1944 Lieutenant MiD For skill, determination and bravery in anti U boat operations whilst serving with H. M. Ships , and Mar 1945 Lieutenant MiD For outstanding courage, skill and initiative while serving in H. M. Australian Ships , , , , , and , and Light Coastal Forces, over a period of seven months, in operations in the Far East which covered the bombardments of Tarakan, Wewak, Lubuan and Balikpapan and the attack on Lingayen Gulf, Aitape and Wewak. (Resident of Potts Point, NSW.) Jun 1943 Sub Lieutenant MiD For gallantry, skill, and leadership in engagement with enemy E boats while serving with light coastal forces in England. Apr 1945 Lieutenant MiD Already with a DSC. (Resident of Cottesloe, WA.) Mar 1945 Temporary Lieutenant MiD For work during Allied invasion of Europe, commanding a division of tank landing craft at Normandy. (Resident of Brisbane, Queensland.) Jan 1941 Lieutenant MiD Good services in action against submarines. Died 11 March 1942 near Iceland on HMS Stella Capella when the trawler was sunk by German submarine U 701. (Resident of Brisbane, Queensland.) Jan 1942 Lieutenant MiD For bravery and enterprise in reconnaissance operations. Mar 1945 Lieutenant MiD For outstanding courage, skill and initiative while serving in H. M. Australian Ships , , , , , and , and Light Coastal Forces, over a period of seven months, in operations in the Far East which covered the bombardments of Tarakan, Wewak, Lubuan and Balikpapan and the attack on Lingayen Gulf, Aitape and Wewak. (Resident of Caulfield, Victoria.) Jun 1945 Temporary Acting Lieutenant Commander (S) MiD For good services whilst attached to the Sea Frontier in the repatriation of British Prisoners of War from the Far East. Mar 1946 Lieutenant MiD Gallantry, skill, determination and devotion. Relating to duty during the landing of Allied forces on the coast of Normandy. (Resident of Queensland.) Jan 1945 Lieutenant MiD For work during Allied invasion of Europe, commanding a division of tank landing craft at Normandy. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) Lieutenant Commander (SP) VRD (Resident of Hobart, Tasmania.) 1953 Lieutenant Commander VRD Apr 1961 Lieutenant Commander VRD 1945 Lieutenant Silver Star (USA) For service with the US First Marine Raider Battalion in the landings at Tulagi, Solomon Islands, in August 1942. (Resident of England.) Sep 1943 Lieutenant Silver Star (USA) For service with the US First Marine Raider Battalion in the landings at Tulagi, Solomon Islands, in August 1942. (Resident of England.) Sep 1943 Lieutenant Bronze Star (USA) (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) 1948 Lieutenant Bronze Star (USA) For meritorious achievement as the commanding officer of the midget submarine HMS XE4 Exciter as part of Operation Sabre severing underwater telecommunication cables. Presented in March 1947. 1947 Lieutenant Bronze Star (USA) For meritorious achievement in the south west Pacific area from May 1943 to September 1944 as a coastwatcher. Presented in October 1948. (Resident of Sydney, NSW.) 1948 Lieutenant Cross of Merit (Ned) For outstanding work for Netherlands forces and civilians in very trying circumstances. Lieutenant Davis, as deputy Naval Officer in charge of Broome, Port Hedland district during an enemy attack on Netherlands navy planes at Broome on March 3, 1942, showed conspicuous organising ability, handled transport in a masterly manner and rendered great assistance to those aboard this plane. Jul 1944