Вильгельм Гуддорф: Журналист, антифашист и участник Сопротивления

Belgian journalist and resistance fighter (1902–1943)

Wilhelm Guddorf (alias Paul Braun; 20 February 1902 – 13 May 1943) was a Belgian journalist, anti Nazi and resistance fighter against the Third Reich. Guddorf was a leading member of a Berlin anti fascist resistance group that was later called the Red Orchestra (Rote Kapelle) by the Abwehr. Guddorf was the editor of the Marxist Communist Die Rote Fahne (The Red Flag) newspaper.

Wilhelm Guddorf came from a middle class Catholic family. His father, Ludwig Guddorf, taught German, literature, and Greek at the Maison de Melle educational institution in Melle, Belgium for 29 years. In 1899 he became a professor at the commercial college there. At the beginning of World War I, the family was expelled from the country as Reich Germans. They moved to Haselünne with five children without possessions. There Ludwig Guddorf found employment as a teacher at the Lateinschule (secondary school). Wilhelm Guddorf, the eldest son of the family, attended the Latin School in Haselünne from 1915 to 1917, then the Royal Grammar School in Meppen and dropped out of school in the 12th grade because he had fallen out with his parents because of his "religious and moral views". The highly gifted student worked temporarily as a tutor on an estate in West Prussia. Nevertheless, he passed his school leaving examination in Meppen in 1921 and began studying philology, philosophy, history, literary history and musicology in Münster. He worked for several communist newspapers and translated the foreign press for them. In autumn 1923, he was arrested for "preparation for high treason" and "violation of the Law for the Protection of the Republic". In November 1923 he managed to escape from the Sennestadt protective custody camp. He was arrested once again in 1942 and in February 1943 was sentenced to death. He was executed at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin on 13 May 1943. In 1972, a street in Lichtenberg, a Berlin borough, was named after Guddorf.

Guddorf was known to have cowritten some of the Agis leaflets along with John Rittmeister, Schulze Boysen and others. The leaflets were produced by the Harnack and Schulze Boysen Groups and had names like What is a Majority, Freedom and Violence and Call to the workers of the mind and fist not to fight against Russia. The Agis was a reference to the Spartan King Agis IV. The leaflets were distributed in Berlin and across Germany.

Guddorf was arrested on 20 October 1942. Under torture, Guddorf revealed the names of resistance members in Hamburg to the Gestapo, that lead to the arrest of some 85 people in the North Sea dockyards. In 1971, in the Berlin district of Köpenick a school in Rahnsdorf was renamed to Wilhelm Guddorf High School, Wilhelm Guddorf Oberschule The name remained in place until the Socialist Unity Party of Germany was dissolved and the German reunification commenced and by 1992 the parents, teachers and students decided to rename the school to Elementary School on the Püttbergen.