Цифровой видеоинтерфейс: история разработки и угасание технологии DVI

the video hardware connector

Digital Video Interactive (DVI) was the first multimedia desktop video standard for IBM compatible personal computers. It enabled full screen, full motion video, as well as stereo audio, still images, and graphics to be presented on a DOS based desktop computer using a special compression chipset. The scope of Digital Video Interactive encompasses a file format, including a digital container format, a number of video and audio compression formats, as well as hardware associated with the file format.

Development of DVI was started around 1984 by Section 17 of The David Sarnoff Research Center Labs (DSRC) then responsible for the research and development activities of RCA. When General Electric purchased RCA in 1986, GE considered the DSRC redundant with its own labs, and sought a buyer. In 1988, GE sold the DSRC to SRI International, but sold the DVI technology separately to Intel corporation. Video compression involved coding both still frames and motion compensated residuals using Vector Quantization in dimensions 1, 2, and 4. The resulting file (in the AVS format) was displayed in realtime on an IBM PC AT (i286) with the add in boards providing decompression and display functions at NTSC (30 frame/s) resolutions. The IBM PC AT equipped with the DVI add in boards hence had 2 monitors, the original monochrome control monitor, and a second Sony CDP1302 monitor for the color video. Stereo audio at near FM quality was also available from the system. The Real Time Video format was introduced in March 1988, then called Edit Level Video (ELV). In fall 1992, version 2.1 of the Real Time Video format was introduced by Intel as Indeo 2.

The original team from DSRC (David Sarnoff Research Center) set up an Intel operation NJ1 as the Princeton Operation. The team occupied new quarters after moving out of the DSRC in Plainsboro, New Jersey. From the original 35 researchers the Princeton Operation grew to over 200 people at its height. Andy Grove was a great supporter of the Princeton Team during its term of operation. However in 1992 Ken Fine (a vice president of Intel) decided to shutter the operation and transfer those employees willing to move to other Intel sites in Arizona and Oregon. Fine left the company shortly after he implemented this decision. Final site closure occurred almost a year later in September 1993.