Усть-Кут: История и современность города на Лене

Town in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia

Ust Kut (Усть Кут) is a town and the administrative center of Ust Kutsky District in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located from Irkutsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Located on a western loop of the Lena River, the town spreads out for over along the left bank, near the point where the Kuta River joins from the west. Population:

The town's name means "the mouth of the Kuta River" in Russian, with the name "Kuta" coming from an Evenk word meaning "peat bog".

The town is located in the Lena Angara Plateau.

It was founded in 1631 by Siberian Cossack ataman Ivan Galkin, who built an ostrog (fort) there. The fort's military importance declined in the latter half of the 17th century; however, the settlement was increasingly important as a river port, becoming one of the main starting points for trade along the Lena. Mineral springs to the west of the town were reportedly discovered as early as the 17th century by Yerofey Khabarov and a spa was built at the site in 1925. In the early 20th century Ust Kut served as a destination for political exiles, most notably Leon Trotsky. In 1951, the railway from Tayshet reached Ust Kut. The town thus became the first and only river port on the Lena served by the railway and an important railhead through which cargoes could travel to and from the locations along the Lena, such as most of Yakutia. Ust Kut was granted town status in 1954, with the merger of the original settlement of Ust Kut and the river port suburb of Osetrovo. Ust Kut remained the end of the line until 1974, when construction work started to extend the railway, now known as the Baikal–Amur Mainline, east toward Lake Baikal and beyond. The town became the headquarters of the construction of the western section of the BAM.

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Ust Kut serves as the administrative center of Ust Kutsky District, to which it is directly subordinated. As a municipal division, the town of Ust Kut, together with the selo of Turuka in Ust Kutsky District, is incorporated within Ust Kutsky Municipal District as Ust Kutskoye Urban Settlement.

Ust Kut's economy relies mainly on its position as a transport hub, with the connection of road and rail transport with river traffic on the Lena. During the summer months, passenger ferries depart downriver from Ust Kut to Yakutsk and Tiksi. There is a road bridge over the river in Ust Kut. There are also shipyards and food production in the town. Ust Kut is spread along the Baikal–Amur Mainline with multiple stations, including the smaller Ust Kut station and the actual main station Lena near the river port in Osetrovo. At the small settlement of Yakurim a few kilometers further, the railway crosses the Lena via a bridge, the last bridge across the river for its entire length. The town is served by the Ust Kut Airport, located northwest of the town center.