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Введение
Нефтяное месторождение Фулмар расположено в 312 км к востоку от Данди, Шотландия, Соединенное Королевство, в блоках 30/16 и 30/11b. Его эксплуатирует компания Repsol Sinopec, которая сменила предыдущего оператора, Shell, в конце 2006 года. В это же время Talisman приобрела доли других партнеров – ExxonMobil и Amerada Hess. Месторождение было открыто в декабре 1975 года скважиной 30/16-6 на глубине 82 метра. Ожидаемые извлекаемые запасы оцениваются в 544 миллиона баррелей (86,5 м3) нефти. Название месторождения происходит от названия морской птицы – фулмара. Нефтяной пласт находится на глубине 3050 метров. Над месторождением работает платформа "Fulmar A". Добыча началась в феврале 1982 года с платформы "Fulmar A". Эта платформа представляет собой стальную восьмиопорную куртку, спроектированную компанией McDermott Engineering и построенную в Нигге, Истер-Росс, Шотландия. Вес куртки составляет 12 400 тонн, а вес надстройки – около 22 560 тонн. Куртка и платформа были установлены в июле 1979 и июне 1980 года соответственно. Ниже приведены основные проектные характеристики установок на месторождении Фулмар.
The Fulmar Oilfield is situated 312 km east of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom in block number 30/16 and 30/11b. It is operated by Repsol Sinopec who took over from the previous operator, Shell at the end of 2006. At this time Talisman also purchased the equity of the other partners ExxonMobil and Amerada Hess. The field was discovered in December 1975 by well 30/16 6 in a water depth of 82 metres. Estimated ultimate recovery is 544 million barrels (86.5 m3) of oil. It is named after the fulmar, a sea bird. The oil reservoir is located at a depth of 3,050 metres. The "Fulmar A platform" operates above the oilfield. Production started in February 1982 from the Fulmar 'A' platform. This platform is a steel, 8 legged jacket designed by McDermott Engineering and constructed at Nigg, Easter Ross, Scotland. This jacket weighs 12,400 tonnes and supports a topside weight of around 22,560 tonnes. The jacket and platform were installed in July 1979 and June 1980. Design data for the installations in the Fulmar field is summarized below. +Fulmar installations design dataInstallationFulmar AFulmar ARFulmar mooring terminalFulmar FSUTypeSteel jacketSteel jacket bridge link to Fulmar ASingle Anchor Leg Mooring (SALM) TankerFunctionDrilling, production, accommodationWellheadLoading tankersOil storageLocation56°29’37”N 02°09’17”E56°28’38”N 02°07’54”E56°28’38”N 02°07’54”EWater depth, metres83.583.58282Fabrication substructureHighlands Fabricators NiggRedpath, MethilRSV RotterdamMitsubishi Japan, converted by CNCTopsides design McDermott, LondonMcDermott, LondonExxon Production ResearchCNC FranceTopside weight, tonnes22,0302601966210,658 (DWT)Storage, barrels––Nil1,368,247Accommodation (crew)240NilNil91Legs841–Piles3286–Well slots366––Wells16 production, 10 water injection, 2 gas injection5––Throughput oil, barrels per day (bpd)180,00090,000180,000Water injection, bpd20,000–––Platform installedJune 1980June 1979May 1981May 1981Production startMay 1982February 1982May 1982May 1982Oil production toSALM by 2.3 km 16 inch pipeline (1982)Fulmar ATankerSALMGas production toSt Fergus by 290 km 20 inch pipeline (1986)–––
The topsides facilities included capability to drill, produce, meter, pump oil and gas. It can also inject both gas and water. Production is exported via the Norpipe system to Teesside. Associated natural gas from the reservoir is separated and used to power electrical generation with the excess being transported by the Fulmar Gas Pipeline to St. Fergus. Previously oil was exported by using an oil tanker anchored to the sea bed. The Medora Floating Storage Offloading (FSO) vessel broke free on the evening of 24 December 1988 narrowly missing the BP operated Clyde platform in the process. At that time Fulmar Alpha was host to a BBC crew who, not only, reported on the event but later delivered a live watchnight service broadcast from the platform in memory of the Piper Alpha disaster. Some of the same BBC crew having come directly from reporting on the Lockerbie disaster.
| Установка | Fulmar A | Fulmar R | Морской терминал для швартовки Fulmar | Fulmar FSU |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Тип | Стальная куртка | Стальная куртка-мостик, соединяющаяся с Fulmar A | Одноякорный плавучий терминал (SALM) | Плавучий резервуар для хранения и отгрузки нефти (FSO) |
| Функция | Бурение, добыча, размещение персонала | Зарезка скважин | Отгрузка нефти танкерами | Хранение нефти |
| Координаты | 56°29’37”N 02°09’17”E | 56°28’38”N 02°07’54”E | 56°28’38”N 02°07’54”E | - |
| Глубина воды, м | 83,5 | 83,5 | 82 | - |
| Изготовление куртки | Highlands Fabricators Nigg | Redpath, Methil | RSV Rotterdam | Mitsubishi, Япония, переоборудован CNС |
| Проектирование надстройки | McDermott, Лондон | McDermott, Лондон | - | Exxon Production Research, CNC France |
| Вес надстройки, тонн | 22 030 | 260 | 1966 | 210 658 (DWT) |
| Емкость хранилища, баррелей | - | - | - | 1 368 247 |
| Размещение (персонал) | 240 | - | - | 91 |
| Опоры | 8 | 4 | - | - |
| Сваи | 32 | 8 | - | - |
| Число скважин | 36 | 6 | - | - |
| Скважины | 16 добывающих, 10 нагнетательных, 2 газовых | - | - | - |
| Суточная добыча нефти, баррелей | 180 000 | 90 000 | - | - |
| Суточная закачка воды, баррелей | 20 000 | - | - | - |
| Год установки платформы | Июнь 1980 | Июнь 1979 | Май 1981 | Май 1981 |
| Начало добычи | Май 1982 | Февраль 1982 | Май 1982 | Май 1982 |
| Экспорт нефти | SALM по нефтепроводу длиной 2,3 км и диаметром 16 дюймов (1982) | Танкер | - | - |
| Экспорт газа | St Fergus по газопроводу длиной 290 км и диаметром 20 дюймов (1986) | - | - | - |
The Fulmar Oilfield is situated 312 km east of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom in block number 30/16 and 30/11b. It is operated by Repsol Sinopec who took over from the previous operator, Shell at the end of 2006. At this time Talisman also purchased the equity of the other partners ExxonMobil and Amerada Hess. The field was discovered in December 1975 by well 30/16 6 in a water depth of 82 metres. Estimated ultimate recovery is 544 million barrels (86.5 m3) of oil. It is named after the fulmar, a sea bird. The oil reservoir is located at a depth of 3,050 metres. The "Fulmar A platform" operates above the oilfield. Production started in February 1982 from the Fulmar 'A' platform. This platform is a steel, 8 legged jacket designed by McDermott Engineering and constructed at Nigg, Easter Ross, Scotland. This jacket weighs 12,400 tonnes and supports a topside weight of around 22,560 tonnes. The jacket and platform were installed in July 1979 and June 1980. Design data for the installations in the Fulmar field is summarized below. +Fulmar installations design dataInstallationFulmar AFulmar ARFulmar mooring terminalFulmar FSUTypeSteel jacketSteel jacket bridge link to Fulmar ASingle Anchor Leg Mooring (SALM) TankerFunctionDrilling, production, accommodationWellheadLoading tankersOil storageLocation56°29’37”N 02°09’17”E56°28’38”N 02°07’54”E56°28’38”N 02°07’54”EWater depth, metres83.583.58282Fabrication substructureHighlands Fabricators NiggRedpath, MethilRSV RotterdamMitsubishi Japan, converted by CNCTopsides design McDermott, LondonMcDermott, LondonExxon Production ResearchCNC FranceTopside weight, tonnes22,0302601966210,658 (DWT)Storage, barrels––Nil1,368,247Accommodation (crew)240NilNil91Legs841–Piles3286–Well slots366––Wells16 production, 10 water injection, 2 gas injection5––Throughput oil, barrels per day (bpd)180,00090,000180,000Water injection, bpd20,000–––Platform installedJune 1980June 1979May 1981May 1981Production startMay 1982February 1982May 1982May 1982Oil production toSALM by 2.3 km 16 inch pipeline (1982)Fulmar ATankerSALMGas production toSt Fergus by 290 km 20 inch pipeline (1986)–––
The topsides facilities included capability to drill, produce, meter, pump oil and gas. It can also inject both gas and water. Production is exported via the Norpipe system to Teesside. Associated natural gas from the reservoir is separated and used to power electrical generation with the excess being transported by the Fulmar Gas Pipeline to St. Fergus. Previously oil was exported by using an oil tanker anchored to the sea bed. The Medora Floating Storage Offloading (FSO) vessel broke free on the evening of 24 December 1988 narrowly missing the BP operated Clyde platform in the process. At that time Fulmar Alpha was host to a BBC crew who, not only, reported on the event but later delivered a live watchnight service broadcast from the platform in memory of the Piper Alpha disaster. Some of the same BBC crew having come directly from reporting on the Lockerbie disaster.
Надстройка платформы включала в себя оборудование для бурения, добычи, учета, перекачки нефти и газа. Также предусмотрена возможность закачки газа и воды в пласт. Нефть экспортируется по системе Norpipe в Teesside. Сопутствующий природный газ из пласта отделяется и используется для выработки электроэнергии, а излишки транспортируются по газопроводу Fulmar в St. Fergus. Ранее нефть экспортировалась с помощью нефтяного танкера, пришвартованного ко дну моря. Вечером 24 декабря 1988 года судно Medora Floating Storage Offloading (FSO) сорвалось с якоря и чуть не столкнулось с платформой Clyde, эксплуатируемой BP. В то время на Fulmar Alpha находилась съемочная группа BBC, которая не только освещала это событие, но и позже провела прямую трансляцию ночной службы памяти жертв катастрофы на Piper Alpha. Некоторые из тех же сотрудников BBC непосредственно перед этим освещали катастрофу в Локерби.
The Fulmar Oilfield is situated 312 km east of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom in block number 30/16 and 30/11b. It is operated by Repsol Sinopec who took over from the previous operator, Shell at the end of 2006. At this time Talisman also purchased the equity of the other partners ExxonMobil and Amerada Hess. The field was discovered in December 1975 by well 30/16 6 in a water depth of 82 metres. Estimated ultimate recovery is 544 million barrels (86.5 m3) of oil. It is named after the fulmar, a sea bird. The oil reservoir is located at a depth of 3,050 metres. The "Fulmar A platform" operates above the oilfield. Production started in February 1982 from the Fulmar 'A' platform. This platform is a steel, 8 legged jacket designed by McDermott Engineering and constructed at Nigg, Easter Ross, Scotland. This jacket weighs 12,400 tonnes and supports a topside weight of around 22,560 tonnes. The jacket and platform were installed in July 1979 and June 1980. Design data for the installations in the Fulmar field is summarized below. +Fulmar installations design dataInstallationFulmar AFulmar ARFulmar mooring terminalFulmar FSUTypeSteel jacketSteel jacket bridge link to Fulmar ASingle Anchor Leg Mooring (SALM) TankerFunctionDrilling, production, accommodationWellheadLoading tankersOil storageLocation56°29’37”N 02°09’17”E56°28’38”N 02°07’54”E56°28’38”N 02°07’54”EWater depth, metres83.583.58282Fabrication substructureHighlands Fabricators NiggRedpath, MethilRSV RotterdamMitsubishi Japan, converted by CNCTopsides design McDermott, LondonMcDermott, LondonExxon Production ResearchCNC FranceTopside weight, tonnes22,0302601966210,658 (DWT)Storage, barrels––Nil1,368,247Accommodation (crew)240NilNil91Legs841–Piles3286–Well slots366––Wells16 production, 10 water injection, 2 gas injection5––Throughput oil, barrels per day (bpd)180,00090,000180,000Water injection, bpd20,000–––Platform installedJune 1980June 1979May 1981May 1981Production startMay 1982February 1982May 1982May 1982Oil production toSALM by 2.3 km 16 inch pipeline (1982)Fulmar ATankerSALMGas production toSt Fergus by 290 km 20 inch pipeline (1986)–––
The topsides facilities included capability to drill, produce, meter, pump oil and gas. It can also inject both gas and water. Production is exported via the Norpipe system to Teesside. Associated natural gas from the reservoir is separated and used to power electrical generation with the excess being transported by the Fulmar Gas Pipeline to St. Fergus. Previously oil was exported by using an oil tanker anchored to the sea bed. The Medora Floating Storage Offloading (FSO) vessel broke free on the evening of 24 December 1988 narrowly missing the BP operated Clyde platform in the process. At that time Fulmar Alpha was host to a BBC crew who, not only, reported on the event but later delivered a live watchnight service broadcast from the platform in memory of the Piper Alpha disaster. Some of the same BBC crew having come directly from reporting on the Lockerbie disaster.