Таракихи (Nemadactylus macropterus): Биология и Распространение

Species of fish

Nemadactylus macropterus, the tarakihi, jackass morwong or deep sea perch, is a species of marine ray finned fish, traditionally regarded as belonging to the family Cheilodactylidae, the members of which are commonly known as morwongs. It is found in the south western Pacific Ocean, in Australia and New Zealand. Although there are records from the southern Indian Ocean and southwestern Atlantic, these may be due to misidentifications of similar species.

Nemadactylus macropterus was first formally described in 1801 as Cichla macroptera by the German naturalist Johann Reinhold Forster with the type locality given as New Zealand. In 1839 Sir John Richardson described a new species Nemadactylus concinnus from Tasmania he created the monotypic genus Nemadactylus for it, N. concinnus was later considered to be a synonym of Forster's C. macroptera, making this species the type species of the genus Nemadactylus as Richardson's N. concinnus. The specific name macropterus means "long winged", a reference to the very elongated seventh ray of the pectoral fins. Genetic and morphological analyses strongly support the placement of Nemadactylus in the family Latridae, alongside almost all of the other species formerly classified in the Cheilodactylidae.

Nemadactylus macropterus has 17 18 spines and 25 28 soft rays in its dorsal fin and 3 spines and 14 15 soft rays in its anal fin. It attains a maximum total length of , although is more typical, and a maximum published weight of It is widespread in New Zealand, occurring from Cape Reinga to the seas immediately south of the Snares Islands, on the shallower areas on the Chatham Rise and off the Chatham Islands. There are reports of this species from South America and islands in the southern Indian Ocean but it is thought that these may be misidentifications of similar looking congeners. It is found on deep reefs in depths down to , although they are known to enter large coastal bays at times. They spawn from the periods of February to June. The young N. macropterus are found in high density in the inner and mid shelf, while the adults reside on the outer continental shelf. This species has a diet of benthic invertebrates including polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs and echinoderms. There are known regular spawning aggregations in New Zealand waters and individuals have been known to migrate up to from their home range to breed.