Огденсбургская диоцеза: История католической церкви в Северном Нью-Йорке

Latin Catholic ecclesiastical jurisdiction in New York, US

The Diocese of Ogdensburg (Dioecesis Ogdensburgensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in the North Country region of New York State in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the Archdiocese of New York. Its cathedral is St. Mary's in Ogdensburg. The Diocese of Ogdensburg was founded on February 16, 1872. It comprises the entirety of Clinton, Essex, Lewis, Hamilton and St. Lawrence counties and the northern portion of Herkimer county. The bishop is Terry Ronald LaValley.

The North Country of New York was inhabited by the Iroquois/Haudenosaunee Native Americans when the first French, Dutch, and English fur traders arrived in the 1600s. The few Catholics in the area were served by missionary priests from the Diocese of Quebec in the French colony of New France. During the Dutch and British rule of the Province of New York in the 17th and 18th centuries, Catholics were banned from the colony. Richard Coote, the first colonial governor, passed a law at the end of the 17th century that mandated a life sentence to any Catholic priest. The penalty for harboring a Catholic was a £250 fine plus three days in the pillory. In 1763, Catholic Bishop Richard Challoner of London stated that:<blockquote>" in New York, one may find a Catholic here and there, but they have no opportunity of practicing their religion as no priest visits them, and there is not much likelihood that Catholic priests will be permitted to enter these provinces."

Anti Catholic bias in New York abated during the American Revolution when Catholic France provided its support to the American rebels. The New York Legislature passed a constitution in 1777 that guaranteed freedom of worship for Catholics. At this time, the state was technically under the jurisdiction of the Vicariate of London. In 1784, Pope Pius VI erected the Apostolic Prefecture of United States of America, including all of the new United States. In 1789, the same pope raised this prefecture to the Diocese of Baltimore. The first new settlers in the North Country were Protestants from New England. It was only towards 1790 that Acadian Catholic immigrants began settling around Corbeau, now Coopersville, near Lake Champlain. They were occasionally visited by French missionaries from Fort Laprairie in the British Province of Lower Canada. In 1818, Jacques Leray, son of Count Jacques Donatien Le Ray de Chaumont, established a colony of French and German Catholics in Jefferson County. Leray built several churches for his immigrants as well as for an existing Irish settlement. s. At the same time, Irish and French Canadian immigrants began to arrive, prompting the diocese to found missions for them. In 1847, Pope Pius IX erected the Diocese of Albany, removing all of Upstate New York from the Diocese of New York. The establishment of mills and factories in the North Country attracted a large influx of Irish Catholic immigrants. The diocese then established new missions at Antwerp, Belleville, and Canton; and parishes at Cape Vincent, Hogansburg, and Keeseville. In 1860, Bishop John McCloskey of Albany placed the parish at Carthage under interdict for two years when violent confrontations erupted among the parishioners.

On February 16, 1872, Pius IX erected the Diocese of Ogdensburg, taking the entire North Country region from the Diocese of Albany. The Pope named Reverend Edgar Wadhams of Albany as the first bishop of the new diocese. One of Wadham's first projects was to expand the small St. Mary's Church in Ogdensburg into a proper cathedral, adding a sacristy, stained glass windows and a sanctuary. He also recruited priests from Quebec and Europe for the new congregations. Wadham wanted to establish a school for each parish, but the economics and distances were against him. He founded and improved schools in Carthage, Plattsburgh, Ogdensburg, Keeseville, Hogansburg and Brasher Falls. In 1894, the Gabriels Sanitarium for tuberculosis patients opened in Gabriels, New York. Gabriels died in 1921. To replace Gabriels as bishop, Pope Benedict XV named Auxiliary Bishop Joseph Conroy. In 1936, Monaghan was appointed coadjutor bishop of Ogdensburg to assist Conroy by Pope Pius XI.

Conroy served in Ogdensburg until his death in 1939. After he died, Monaghan automatically succeeded him as the next bishop of Ogdensburg. Monaghan died three years later in an accident. Pope Pius XII then selected Reverend Bryan McEntegart from the Archdiocese of New York to replace Monaghan. Shortly after his installation, the Cathedral of Ogdensburg was destroyed by fire; however, McEntegart constructed a new edifice within months. McEntegart resigned his position in 1953 to become rector of the Catholic University of America in Washington, D. C.

Pius XII appointed Auxiliary Bishop Walter P. Kellenberg of New York as the next bishop of Ogdensburg. During his short tenure, Kellenberg expanded the diocese's Departments of Education and Catechetics and increased the number of parochial schools. Kellenberg was named by the same pope as the first bishop of the Diocese of Rockville Centre in 1957. Pius XII then selected Auxiliary Bishop James Navagh of the Diocese of Raleigh that same year to serve as bishop of Ogdensburg. He founded Mater Dei College in Ogdensburg in 1960. In May 1963, Pope John XXIII selected Auxiliary Bishop Leo Smith of the Diocese of Buffalo as bishop of Ogdensburg. However, Smith died later that year. Pope Paul VI in 1964 then named Monsignor Thomas Donnellan of New York to replace Smith. Four years later in 1968, the pope elevated Donnellan to bishop of the Archdiocese of Atlanta. Paul VI named Auxiliary Bishop Stanislaus Brzana of Buffalo in 1968 as the next bishop of Ogdensburg. He also established several churches and education centers, and was active in regional civic and social activities, including caring for striking miners and their families. Brzana served 25 years as bishop in Ogdensburg, retiring in 1993.

In 1993, Pope John Paul II appointed Auxiliary Bishop Paul Loverde of the Archdiocese of Hartford as the eleventh bishop of Ogdensburg. While in Ogdensburg, Loverde started vocation and evangelization initiatives. In 1999, he closed Mater Dei College. Loverde in 1998 was named by John Paul II as bishop of the Diocese of Arlington. John Paul II replaced Loverde in Ogdensburg with Auxiliary Bishop Gerald Barbarito of the Diocese of Brooklyn that same year. In 2003, John Paul II selected Barbarito as the next bishop of the Diocese of Palm Beach. The next bishop of Ogdensburg was Monsignor Robert J. Cunningham of Buffalo, named by John Paul II in 2004. Pope Benedict XVI appointed Cunningham as bishop of the Diocese of Syracuse in 2004. The current bishop of Ogdensburg, the 14th bishop since 1872, is Terry R. LaValley, named by Benedict XVI in 2010. The diocese filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in July 2023.

In 1979, Reverend Liam O'Doherty of St. Ann's Church in St. Regis Falls was indicted on sexual abuse charges involving three 14 year old girls. However, the charges were dismissed six months later and the diocese returned O'Doherty to ministry. He was put on permanent sick leave in 1999. A woman from Antwerp, New York, sued the Diocese of Ogdensburg in 2002. She said that O'Doherty, falsely claiming to be a medical doctor, examined her genitals on one occasion in 1998. The woman said that the diocese was negligent in covering up his accusations from 1979. Other women in Syracuse and Oswego had accused O'Doherty of the same crimes. Reverend John J. Fallon of Holy Angels Parish in Altona was arrested in September 1985 on charges of mailing child pornography. A film processing lab had discovered 15 images of nude boys on a film disc that Fallon sent them and reported it to the US Postal Service. Police found more pornographic images at his residence. He pleaded guilty to charges in December 1985 and was sentenced to five years probation along with inpatient treatment. In 1988, the diocese placed him as chaplain at St. Joseph's Home in Ogdensburg. In a July 2020 lawsuit against the diocese, four men accused Fallon of sexually abusing them during the 1970s and 1980s at three parishes in the diocese. In May 2018, Bishop LaValley expressed his opposition to the proposed New York Child Victims Act, which created a one year window for adults to sue for sexual abuse crimes. That same year, LaValley started a compensation program for sexual abuse victims within the diocese. In an interview, LaValley made this comment about the scandal:<blockquote>"The Church screwed up big time and people have been hurt immeasurably. How many times can I say I'm sorry for all that happened? What else can I do, I don't know." By the time that the Child Victims Act has passed, the diocese had already paid nearly $5.5 million to settle previous lawsuits, and held in healing masses and reconciliation therapy as well. However, twenty three more lawsuits were filed immediately after the bill's signing. By July 2020, two more law firms announced that they had filed 20 additional sex abuse lawsuits against the diocese. In July 2023, the diocese stated that it could no longer afford to pay settlements for the lawsuits and filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization in the U. S. Bankruptcy Court in Utica.