Введение
Вид птицы
The Halmahera paradise crow (Lycocorax pyrrhopterus) also known as the silky crow, is a medium sized crow like bird of paradise. One of the few monogamous birds of paradise, this paradise crow is endemic to lowland forests of Northern Maluku in Indonesia. The diet consists mainly of fruits and arthropods. It is a restricted range forest dweller from Halmahera and Morotai, in the northern Maluku of Indonesia. A common species throughout its habitat range, the Halmahera paradise crow is evaluated as being of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Both sexes are similar; the female is slightly smaller than the male. The nominate subspecies has the least or no white patch on the inner flight feathers. The head is slightly glossy black brown and the upper parts are lighter than the head. The upper plumage shines slightly, with a blue gray shimmer that is most pronounced on the coat, with cinnamon brown wings. It was originally thought to be a crow (Corvidae), and was then reassigned to the birds of paradise, where it is the earliest known offshoot from the paradisaeid family tree, dating back approximately 17 million years in the Miocene period. There are two subspecies, which occur in the following regions of Maluku. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus — Halmahera, Kasiruta, and Bacan
Lycocorax pyrrhopterus morotensis — Morotai, and Rau
Previously, the Obi paradise crow (Lycocorax obiensis) was treated as a subspecies of the Halmahera paradise crow. However, due to its distinctiveness and potential for separation, it was split from L. pyrrhopterus in 2016, with the International Ornithological Congress also following through in 2021.
Райская ворона Хальмахера (Lycocorax pyrrhopterus), также известная как шелковистая ворона, – птица среднего размера, напоминающая райскую птицу. Одна из немногих моногамных райских птиц, эта ворона эндемична для низинных лесов Северных Молукк в Индонезии. Рацион состоит в основном из фруктов и членистоногих. Это лесной вид с ограниченным ареалом, обитающий на островах Хальмахера и Моротай, в северных Молукках Индонезии. Распространенный вид во всем своем ареале, райская ворона Хальмахера оценивается как вызывающий наименьшие опасения в Красном списке угрожаемых видов МСОП. Оба пола похожи, однако самка немного меньше самца. Номинативный подвид имеет наименьшее количество или полное отсутствие белых пятен на внутренних маховых перьях. Голова слегка блестящая, темно-коричневая, а верхняя часть тела светлее головы. Верхнее оперение слегка переливается синевато-серым блеском, наиболее заметным на спине, с корично-коричневыми крыльями. Изначально считалось, что это ворона (Corvidae), но позже вид был отнесен к райским птицам, где он является самым ранним известным ответвлением от семейного дерева райских птиц, датируемым примерно 17 миллионами лет назад, в миоцене. Существует два подвида, встречающихся в следующих регионах Молукк:
The Halmahera paradise crow (Lycocorax pyrrhopterus) also known as the silky crow, is a medium sized crow like bird of paradise. One of the few monogamous birds of paradise, this paradise crow is endemic to lowland forests of Northern Maluku in Indonesia. The diet consists mainly of fruits and arthropods. It is a restricted range forest dweller from Halmahera and Morotai, in the northern Maluku of Indonesia. A common species throughout its habitat range, the Halmahera paradise crow is evaluated as being of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Both sexes are similar; the female is slightly smaller than the male. The nominate subspecies has the least or no white patch on the inner flight feathers. The head is slightly glossy black brown and the upper parts are lighter than the head. The upper plumage shines slightly, with a blue gray shimmer that is most pronounced on the coat, with cinnamon brown wings. It was originally thought to be a crow (Corvidae), and was then reassigned to the birds of paradise, where it is the earliest known offshoot from the paradisaeid family tree, dating back approximately 17 million years in the Miocene period. There are two subspecies, which occur in the following regions of Maluku. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus — Halmahera, Kasiruta, and Bacan
Lycocorax pyrrhopterus morotensis — Morotai, and Rau
Previously, the Obi paradise crow (Lycocorax obiensis) was treated as a subspecies of the Halmahera paradise crow. However, due to its distinctiveness and potential for separation, it was split from L. pyrrhopterus in 2016, with the International Ornithological Congress also following through in 2021.
Lycocorax pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus – Хальмахера, Касирута и Бакан.
The Halmahera paradise crow (Lycocorax pyrrhopterus) also known as the silky crow, is a medium sized crow like bird of paradise. One of the few monogamous birds of paradise, this paradise crow is endemic to lowland forests of Northern Maluku in Indonesia. The diet consists mainly of fruits and arthropods. It is a restricted range forest dweller from Halmahera and Morotai, in the northern Maluku of Indonesia. A common species throughout its habitat range, the Halmahera paradise crow is evaluated as being of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Both sexes are similar; the female is slightly smaller than the male. The nominate subspecies has the least or no white patch on the inner flight feathers. The head is slightly glossy black brown and the upper parts are lighter than the head. The upper plumage shines slightly, with a blue gray shimmer that is most pronounced on the coat, with cinnamon brown wings. It was originally thought to be a crow (Corvidae), and was then reassigned to the birds of paradise, where it is the earliest known offshoot from the paradisaeid family tree, dating back approximately 17 million years in the Miocene period. There are two subspecies, which occur in the following regions of Maluku. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus — Halmahera, Kasiruta, and Bacan
Lycocorax pyrrhopterus morotensis — Morotai, and Rau
Previously, the Obi paradise crow (Lycocorax obiensis) was treated as a subspecies of the Halmahera paradise crow. However, due to its distinctiveness and potential for separation, it was split from L. pyrrhopterus in 2016, with the International Ornithological Congress also following through in 2021.
Lycocorax pyrrhopterus morotensis – Моротай и Рау.
The Halmahera paradise crow (Lycocorax pyrrhopterus) also known as the silky crow, is a medium sized crow like bird of paradise. One of the few monogamous birds of paradise, this paradise crow is endemic to lowland forests of Northern Maluku in Indonesia. The diet consists mainly of fruits and arthropods. It is a restricted range forest dweller from Halmahera and Morotai, in the northern Maluku of Indonesia. A common species throughout its habitat range, the Halmahera paradise crow is evaluated as being of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Both sexes are similar; the female is slightly smaller than the male. The nominate subspecies has the least or no white patch on the inner flight feathers. The head is slightly glossy black brown and the upper parts are lighter than the head. The upper plumage shines slightly, with a blue gray shimmer that is most pronounced on the coat, with cinnamon brown wings. It was originally thought to be a crow (Corvidae), and was then reassigned to the birds of paradise, where it is the earliest known offshoot from the paradisaeid family tree, dating back approximately 17 million years in the Miocene period. There are two subspecies, which occur in the following regions of Maluku. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus — Halmahera, Kasiruta, and Bacan
Lycocorax pyrrhopterus morotensis — Morotai, and Rau
Previously, the Obi paradise crow (Lycocorax obiensis) was treated as a subspecies of the Halmahera paradise crow. However, due to its distinctiveness and potential for separation, it was split from L. pyrrhopterus in 2016, with the International Ornithological Congress also following through in 2021.
Ранее райская ворона Оби (Lycocorax obiensis) считалась подвидом райской воронки Хальмахера. Однако, из-за своей отличительности и потенциальной возможности выделения в отдельный вид, она была выделена из состава L. pyrrhopterus в 2016 году, что было подтверждено Международным орнитологическим конгрессом в 2021 году.
The Halmahera paradise crow (Lycocorax pyrrhopterus) also known as the silky crow, is a medium sized crow like bird of paradise. One of the few monogamous birds of paradise, this paradise crow is endemic to lowland forests of Northern Maluku in Indonesia. The diet consists mainly of fruits and arthropods. It is a restricted range forest dweller from Halmahera and Morotai, in the northern Maluku of Indonesia. A common species throughout its habitat range, the Halmahera paradise crow is evaluated as being of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Both sexes are similar; the female is slightly smaller than the male. The nominate subspecies has the least or no white patch on the inner flight feathers. The head is slightly glossy black brown and the upper parts are lighter than the head. The upper plumage shines slightly, with a blue gray shimmer that is most pronounced on the coat, with cinnamon brown wings. It was originally thought to be a crow (Corvidae), and was then reassigned to the birds of paradise, where it is the earliest known offshoot from the paradisaeid family tree, dating back approximately 17 million years in the Miocene period. There are two subspecies, which occur in the following regions of Maluku. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus — Halmahera, Kasiruta, and Bacan
Lycocorax pyrrhopterus morotensis — Morotai, and Rau
Previously, the Obi paradise crow (Lycocorax obiensis) was treated as a subspecies of the Halmahera paradise crow. However, due to its distinctiveness and potential for separation, it was split from L. pyrrhopterus in 2016, with the International Ornithological Congress also following through in 2021.
Экология и поведение
Номинативная форма – лесной обитатель, также встречающийся в садах и на опушках леса. Он предпочитает высокие деревья внутри леса и обычно не встречается на открытых сельскохозяйственных угодьях. Редко встречается в заболоченных лесах или мангровых зарослях, но иногда встречается на кокосовых плантациях и в фруктовых садах, предпочитая средний ярус и кроны деревьев. Рацион райской вороны состоит главным образом из фруктов, дополняемых членистоногими, которые добываются преимущественно в густой кроне и средней листве. Сезон размножения длится примерно с декабря по июнь, в этот же период откладываются яйца. Поскольку самцы и самки похожи, вероятно, вид моногамен, однако поведение при размножении практически не изучено. Гнезда на Халмахере описываются как крупные, чашеобразные структуры, построенные из корней и мха и выстланные мягкой древесной стружкой, а кладка, по всей видимости, состоит всего из одного яйца.