Хэрольд Хилл: История и Развитие Пригорода Лондона

the place

Harold Hill is a suburban area in the London Borough of Havering, East London. 16.6 mile (27 km) northeast of Charing Cross. It is a district centre in the London Plan. The name refers to King Harold II, who held the manor of Havering atte Bower, and who was killed at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. The suburb is peripheral to London, forming an eastern edge of the urban sprawl. The extensive London County Council housing development of Harold Hill was conceived in the Greater London Plan of 1944 in order to alleviate housing shortages in Inner London. Before construction of the estate, which was completed in 1958, it was the location of Dagnam Park house and grounds, and in the Municipal Borough of Romford and the county of Essex, but was transferred to Greater London in 1965. The first Greater London Council tenant to buy their council house did so here in 1967. The area is part of a long term regeneration project led by Havering London Borough Council.

The area that became Harold Hill formed part of the Harold Wood and Noak Hill wards of the parish of Hornchurch; the large ancient parish occupied the same area as the royal manor and liberty of Havering. The boundary between Harold Wood and Noak Hill was formed by a tributary of the River Ingrebourne. In the Harold Hill area the manor was subdivided into Dagnams, Cockerells and Gooshays. The Havering courts and Romford vestry were the principal local government in the area. The Havering liberty was abolished in 1892 and the vestry in 1894. Following the Local Government Act 1894 the area was split between the parishes of Romford Rural (in the west) and Noak Hill (in the east), each with a parish council and within the Romford Rural District. In 1900 the Romford Rural parish was abolished and the area was then split between the Romford Urban District (in the west) and Noak Hill in Romford Rural District (in the east). In 1934 Romford Urban District absorbed Noak Hill, bringing the whole area under the authority of Romford Urban District Council. Romford was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1937 governed by Romford Borough Council, which was the local authority during the construction of the estate. The Municipal Borough of Romford was abolished in 1965 and Harold Hill became part of the London Borough of Havering in Greater London.

Harold Hill was a planned community, conceived as part of the Greater London Plan in 1944 as a satellite town on the edge of the built up area. Land for the estate, which consisted of the remaining of Dagnams, was purchased in 1947 by the London County Council. The rest of Dagnams had been sold off in 1919, with the land used for the estate consisting of parkland, woodland, and farmland. The area was within the designated Metropolitan Green Belt, but an exception was made for the development because of the exceptional housing need in London following the Second World War. Reflecting the urgency of the problem, housing was initially prefabricated. Construction of 7,631 permanent homes, housing 25,000 people, began in 1948 and was complete by 1958. The development is fairly low density with large sections of parkland retained in the centre and edges of the estate. The estate was constructed primarily in brick, with mostly terraces of houses and some flats. Provision was made for community facilities and three shopping areas were planned to break up the size of the development. Some industrial development already existed to the south and adjacent to the A12 road and this was retained.

Harold Hill is located within the Heaton and Gooshays electoral wards, with Heaton covering the west and Gooshays the east. Each ward elects three councillors to Havering London Borough Council. All of Harold Hill is within the Hornchurch and Upminster UK Parliament constituency and the Havering and Redbridge London Assembly constituency.

Harold Hill is situated on the north eastern edge of London's urban sprawl, almost 17 mile (27 km) from Charing Cross. The district has clear geographic boundaries formed in the south by the A12 road, in the east by the M25 motorway and in the north where the built up area ends at Noak Hill Road. Large sections of parklands and woodlands are in the middle and on the edges of the estate, including Central Park and Dagnam Park. The land is gently undulating, the most significant feature being a tributary of the River Ingrebourne called Carter's Brook and Paine's Brook, which runs north to south through the middle of Harold Hill. To the south is Gidea Park, to the north is Noak Hill, to the west is Collier Row and to the east is Great Warley. Harold Hill is part of the Romford post town in the RM3 postcode district, which also includes Harold Wood and Noak Hill. Climate data for Harold Hill is taken from the nearest weather station at Greenwich.

The nearest railway station is at Harold Wood, approximately 1 mile (2 km) south of the centre of the estate, and is one of the stations on the Elizabeth line. The nearest London Underground station is at Upminster, approximately 3 mile (5 km) to the south. Transport for London provides bus routes 174, 256, 294, 346, 496, 499 and N86.

The area has its own non league football club, Harold Hill F. C. who currently play in the at the Henderson Sports & social club, Kenilworth Avenue.