Введение
Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography (также известный как AP Human Geo, AP Geography, APHG, AP HuGe, AP HuG, AP Human, или HGAP) - это курс Advanced Placement по социальным исследованиям в области человеческой географии для старшеклассников, обычно первокурсников в США, завершающийся экзаменом, проводимым Колледжным советом. Курс знакомит студентов с систематическим изучением закономерностей и процессов, которые сформировали понимание, использование и изменение человеком поверхности Земли. Студенты используют пространственные концепции и ландшафтный анализ для анализа социальной организации человека и его экологических последствий, а также изучают методы и инструменты, которые географы используют в своей науке и практике.
Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography (also known as AP Human Geo, AP Geography, APHG, AP HuGe, AP HuG, AP Human, or HGAP) is an Advanced Placement social studies course in human geography for high school, usually freshmen students in the US, culminating in an exam administered by the College Board. The course introduces students to the systematic study of patterns and processes that have shaped human understanding, use, and alteration of Earth's surface. Students employ spatial concepts and landscape analyses to analyze human social organization and its environmental consequences while also learning about the methods and tools geographers use in their science and practice.
Экзамен
Экзамен по географии человека состоит из двух разделов. Первый раздел состоит из 60 вопросов с несколькими вариантами ответа, а второй - из 3 вопросов с свободным ответом. Эти части занимают 60 и 75 минут соответственно. Необязательно отвечать на вопросы в форме эссе; вместо этого баллы присуждаются за определенные ключевые слова, примеры и другие важные аспекты.
Очертания курса
+Единица 1 Мышление географическиТопная цифраТопная1.1Введение в карты1.2Географические данные1.3Сила географических данных1.4Пространственные понятия1.5Взаимодействие человека с окружающей средой1.6Масштабы анализа1.7Региональный анализ +Единица 2 Население и миграционные модели и процессыТопная цифраТопная цифраТопная цифраОписание 2.1Население распределение2.2Последствия распределения населения2.3Население состав2.4Динамика населения2.5Модель демографического перехода2.6Мальтузианская теория2.7Население политики2.8Женщины и демографические изменения2.9Взрослые популяции2.10Причины миграции2.11Насильственная и добровольная миграция2.12Влияние миграции +3Культурные модели и процессыТопная цифра5.5.Топная цифра1.5Взаимодействие человека с окружающей средой1.6Станосители анализа +Единица 2 Население и миграция модели и процессыТопная цифраТопная цифраТопная цифра5Описание географических данных1.7Описание Земли и процессов и процессов1.7Описание Земли7.Описание и процессов2.7Описание Земли4.4.Описание и процессы7.Описание Земли7.Описание
+Unit 2 Population and Migration Patterns and ProcessesTopic NumberTopic Description2.1Population Distribution2.2Consequences of Population Distribution2.3Population Composition2.4Population Dynamics2.5The Demographic Transition Model2.6Malthusian Theory2.7Population Policies2.8Women and Demographic Change2.9Aging Populations2.10Causes of Migration2.11Forced and Voluntary Migration2.12Effects of Migration
+Unit 3 Cultural Patterns and ProcessesTopic NumberTopic Description3.1Introduction to Culture3.2Cultural Landscapes3.3Cultural Patterns3.4Types of Diffusion3.5Historical Causes of Diffusion3.6Contemporary Causes of Diffusion3.7Diffusion of Religion and Language3.8Effects of Diffusion
+Unit 4 Political Patterns and ProcessesTopic NumberTopic Description4.1Introduction to Political Geography4.2Political Processes4.3Political Power and Territoriality4.4Defining Political Boundaries4.5The Function of Political Boundaries4.6Internal Boundaries4.7Forms of Governance4.8Defining Devolutionary Factors4.9Challenges to Sovereignty4.10Consequences of Centrifugal and Centripetal Forces
+Unit 5 Agriculture and Rural Land Use Patterns and ProcessesTopic NumberTopic Description5.1Introduction to Agriculture5.2Settlement Patterns and Survey Methods5.3Agricultural Origins and Diffusions5.4The Second Agricultural Revolution5.5The Green Revolution5.6Agricultural Production Regions5.7Spatial Organization of Agriculture5.8Von Thünen Model5.9The Global System of Agriculture5.10Consequences of Agricultural Practices5.11Challenges of Contemporary Agriculture5.12Women in Agriculture
+Unit 6 Cities and Urban Land Use Patterns and ProcessesTopic NumberTopic Description6.1The Origin and Influences of Urbanization6.2Cities Across the World6.3Cities and Globalization6.4The Size and Distribution of Cities6.5The Internal Structure of Cities6.6Density and Land Use6.7Infrastructure6.8Urban Sustainability6.9Urban Data6.10Challenges of Urban Changes6.11Challenges of Urban Sustainability
+Unit 7 Industrial and Economic Development Patterns and ProcessesTopic NumberTopic Description7.1The Industrial Revolution7.2Economic Sectors and Patterns7.3Measures of Development7.4Women and Economic Development7.5Theories of Development7.6Trade and the World Economy7.7Changes as a Result of the World Economy7.8Sustainable Development
Распределение классов
Экзамен впервые был проведен в 2001 году. Степень распределения для человеческой географии баллов с 2002 года были: Степень20022003200420052006200720082010201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023516.4%19.0%16.0%14.9%16.7%11.2%12.1%11.6%9.7%11.7%12.5%12.0%11.0%12.2%11.9%10.7%13.0%10.8%11.8%14.4%14.9%16.0%420.5%22.0%22.2%20.8%19.7%17.9%16.7%18.5%18.2%19.5%20.3%20.0%20.5%17.3%19.8%18.4%18.7%18.0%120.0%324.8%22.2%23.2%21.8%21.8%21.9%21.9%21.9%21.9%21.2%20.4%20.4%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.9%21.9%21.4%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.3%21.3%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.0%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%20.3%21.3%21.3%20.3%21.3%21.3%20.3%20.3%21.3%20.3%20.3%20.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%21.3%20.08.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.38.33.3%
Score2002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023516.4%19.0%16.9%14.7%16.9%11.2%12.1%11.6%9.7%11.7%12.5%12.0%11.0%12.2%11.9%10.7%13.0%10.8%11.8%14.4%14.9%16.0%420.5%22.0%22.2%20.8%19.7%17.9%17.9%16.7%16.5%18.2%19.5%20.3%20.0%20.5%20.1%17.3%19.8%18.2%22.4%19.7%18.7%20.0%324.8%24.1%22.7%23.2%21.8%21.8%21.5%21.9%20.6%21.2%20.4%20.7%21.0%21.1%19.8%21.0%21.5%20.1%24.8%18.3%19.6%18.4%215.7%14.7%17.1%16.9%16.0%16.3%18.3%16.6%17.4%17.5%17.8%18.6%18.4%16.7%19.1%17.1%17.0%16.7%10.9%15.1%15.0%14.0%122.6%20.3%21.2%24.5%25.6%32.9%30.2%33.2%35.7%31.5%29.8%28.3%29.6%29.5%29.0%33.9%28.6%34.1%30.1%32.4%31.8%31.6%% of Scores 3 or Higher61.7%65.1%61.8%58.7%58.4%50.9%51.5%50.2%46.9%51.0%52.4%53.0%52.0%53.8%51.8%48.9%54.4%49.1%59.0%52.5%53.2%54.4%Mean2.923.052.97%2.842.862.582.632.572.472.612.672.692.642.692.672.542.722.552.752.692.702.75Standard Deviation1.381.391.381.381.431.391.391.391.371.391.401.381.371.391.391.381.401.391.391.461.451.48Number of Students5,2867,32910,47114,13921,00329,00539,87850,73068,39783,84198,679114,361136,448159,609184,663199,756216,783225,235 218,333211,735221,815247,043