Радиостанции тактической связи SINCGARS: обзор и характеристики

Combat net radio

Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS) is a very high frequency combat net radio (CNR) used by U. S. and allied military forces. In the CNR network, the SINCGARS’ primary role is voice transmission between surface and airborne command and control assets. The SINCGARS family replaced the Vietnam War era synthesized single frequency radios (AN/PRC 77 and AN/VRC 12), although it can work with them. The airborne AN/ARC 201 radio is phasing out the older tactical air to ground radios (AN/ARC 114 and AN/ARC 131). The SINCGARS is designed on a modular basis to achieve maximum commonality among various ground, maritime, and airborne configurations. A common receiver transmitter (RT) is used in the ground configurations. The modular design also reduces the burden on the logistics system to provide repair parts. The SINCGARS can operate in either the single channel or frequency hop (FH) mode, and stores both single channel frequencies and FH load sets. The system is compatible with all current U. S. and allied VHF FM radios in the single channel, non secure mode. The SINCGARS operates on any of 2320 channels between 30 and 88 megahertz (MHz) with a channel separation of 25 kilohertz (kHz). It accepts either digital or analog inputs and superimposes the signal onto a radio frequency (RF) carrier wave. In FH mode, the input changes frequency about 100 times per second over portions of the tactical VHF FM range. These continual changes in frequency hinder threat intercept and jamming units from locating or disrupting friendly communications. The SINCGARS provides data rates up to 16,000 bits per second. Enhanced data modes provide packet and RS 232 data. The enhanced data modes available with the System Improvement Program (SIP) and Advanced System Improvement Program (ASIP) radios also enable forward error correction (FEC), and increased speed, range, and accuracy of data transmissions. Most ground SINCGARS radios have the ability to control output power; however, most airborne SINCGARS radio sets are fixed power. Those RTs with power settings can vary transmission range from approximately 200 meters (660 feet) to 10 kilometers (km) (6.2 miles). Adding a power amplifier increases the line of sight (LOS) range to approximately 40 km (25 miles). (These ranges are for planning purposes only; terrain, weather, and antenna height have an effect on transmission range.) The variable output power level allows users to operate on the minimum power necessary to maintain reliable communications, thus lessening the electromagnetic signature given off by their radio sets. This ability is of particular importance at major command posts, which operate in multiple networks. SC CNR users outside the FH network can use a hailing method to request access to the network. When hailing a network, a user outside the network contacts the network control station (NCS) on the cue frequency. In the active FH mode, the SINCGARS radio gives audible and visual signals to the operator that an external subscriber wants to communicate with the FH network. The SINCGARS operator must change to the cue frequency to communicate with the outside radio system. The network can be set to a manual frequency for initial network activation. The manual frequency provides a common frequency for all members of the network to verify that the equipment is operational. During initial net activation, all operators in the net tune to the manual frequency. After communications are established, the net switches to the FH mode and the NCS transfers the hopping variables to the out stations. More than 570,000 radios have been purchased. There have been several system improvement programs, including the Integrated Communications Security (ICOM) models, which have provided integrated voice and data encryption, the Special Improvement Program (SIP) models, which add additional data modes, and the advanced SIP (ASIP) models, which are less than half the size and weight of ICOM and SIP models and provided enhanced FEC (forward error correction) data modes, RS 232 asynchronous data, packet data formats, and direct interfacing to Precision Lightweight GPS Receiver (PLGR) devices providing radio level situational awareness capability. In 1992, the U. S. Air Force awarded a contract to replace the AN/ARC 188 for communications between Air Force aircraft and Army units.

Model Year Introduced Quantity Produced Features Photo RT 1439 1988 16,475 The SINCGARS baseline radio provided non secure ECCM frequency hopping and single channel FM voice and data capability over the 30 87.975 MHz band. The RT 1439 provided an interface for an external COMSEC device for secure operations. It could be deployed in a manpack configuration, and in conjunction with other equipment in a vehicular configuration. RT 1523 (ICOM) 1990 39,375 The RT 1523 provided all features in the RT 1439, but also contained an integrated KY 57 compatible COMSEC module for secure frequency hopping operations. The RT 1523 included a keypad assembly to provide enhanced display and control functions for the operator. RT 1523A General Dynamics model RT 1523B (ICOM) 1994 37,363 The RT 1523B provided improved COSITE performance and increased battery life. It marked significant performance improvements with the introduction of the enhanced message completion algorithm. RT 1523C (SIP) (AN/PRC 119C) 1996 35,152 The RT 1523C(C)/U introduced several new features to the SINCGARS family. The RAILMAN COMSEC device was embedded in the RT 1523C design. The RT 1523C also introduced the Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction algorithms to increase throughput, improve bit error rates, and improve interference protection resulting in improved/extended range performance. GPS position reporting was also embedded in all voice and Enhanced Data Mode messages to provide reporting of friendly force position in support of Situational Awareness. A new FH packet data waveform and channel access algorithm also provided for mixed voice and packet data operations in a common net. RT 1523D (SIP) General Dynamics model RT 1523E (ASIP) (AN/PRC 119E) 1998 136,027 The RT 1523E was designed to include all the features of the RT 1523C, at half the size and weight, with virtually no degradation in capabilities or performance relative to the SIP RT. The RT 1523E introduced a new frequency hopping mode of operation, called SINCGARS Mode 2. The new SINCGARS Mode 2 comprises all the same Mode 1 FH configurations but under a new TRANSEC security umbrella. The RT 1523E is reprogrammable via the front panel data connector. RT 1523F (ASIP) (AN/PRC 119F) 2006 273,037 The RT 1523F pictured with SideHat provides a SINCGARS ASIP 2 channel radio, based upon the design of the RT 1523E. The RT 1523F program was structured into two phases. The first phase inserted the required physical and electrical interfaces into the ASIP RT 1523E in a manner that accommodates an Auxiliary Module, which provides the second channel. The second phase of the program developed the Auxiliary Module. The Auxiliary Module can be attached externally to the RT 1523F radio chassis on the left side when facing the front panel. The primary distinction between the RT 1523F and its predecessor RT 1523E is the addition of this interface. The RT 1523F also introduced the Radio Based Combat ID (RBCI) capability. This enhancement allows the radio to operate as a RBCI Interrogator, a RBCI RE Relay, and it allows it to add RBCI Responder functionality to any of its FH voice or data modes. The RT 1523F also introduced the Radio Based Situational Awareness (RBSA) enhancement to the existing SA capabilities of the ASIP radios. RT 1523G (ASIP) 2010 12,029 The RT 1523G provides all features and functions of the RT 1523F. Additionally, the RT 1523G provided Crypto Modernization and JTRS SCA Compliance for the SINCGARS program. An upgrade path was intended to bring all RT 1523E and RT 1523F radios to the RT 1523G configuration but was not implemented RT 1730C Modified RT 1523C for Naval applications. RT 1730E Modified RT 1523E for Naval applications RT 1702E Export version of the RT 1523E RT 1702F Export version of the RT 1523F

SideHat The 'SideHat' is a simple radio solution that attaches to existing SINCGARS radio installations, offering rapid, affordable and interoperable wideband network communications for Early Infantry Brigade Combat Team (E IBCT) deployments and other Soldier radio waveform (SRW) applications. SINCGARS Airborne The AN/ARC 201 System Improvement Program (SIP) airborne radio is a reliable, field proven voice and data battlespace communications system with networking capabilities. Embedded GPS Receiver The Selective Availability Antispoofing Module (SAASM) technology Embedded GPS Receiver (EGR) installed in the RT 1523(E) (F) providing a navigation/communication system in support of critical Warfighter capabilities that includes Situational Awareness, Combat ID, Navigation and Timing and Surveying Capabilities. GPS FanOut System Provides six GPS formats from a single GPS source (RT 1523 with integrated SAASM GPS or PLGR/DAGR (Defense Advanced GPS Receiver–AN/PSN 13)). VRCU (Vehicle Remote Control Unit) Designed to be placed anywhere on a vehicle, VRCU is important in large vehicles and those with tight quarters. VRCU allows full control of both single and dual RT 1523 (models E, F, and G) and RT 1702 (models E and F) radios from any location within a vehicle. Single ASIP Radio Mount (SARM) is the latest vehicle installation mount developed specifically for RT 1523 or RT 1702 radios. SARM solves space and weight claim issues associated with traditional vehicle installation mounts. SARM operates on 12 or 24 volt allowing installation into any military or civilian vehicle.