Ошеломлённый и смущённый: История одной песни

1967 song by Jake Holmes
the 2018 song by Ruel

"Dazed and Confused" is a song written by American singer songwriter Jake Holmes in 1967. Performed in a folk rock style, he recorded it for his debut album "The Above Ground Sound" of Jake Holmes. Although some concluded that it was about a bad acid trip, Holmes insists the lyrics refer to the effects of a girl's indecision on ending a relationship. After hearing Holmes perform the song in August 1967, English rock group the Yardbirds reworked it with a new arrangement. It soon became a centerpiece of their tours, several recordings of which have been released, including on Yardbirds '68, produced by guitarist Jimmy Page. In 1968 "Dazed and Confused", with new lyrics and vocal line, was recorded by Page's new group for their debut album, Led Zeppelin. It became a signature song and concert staple for much of the group's career. Holmes attempted to contact Page in the 1980s regarding the songwriting credit, but received no response. In 2010, Holmes filed a lawsuit and the matter was settled out of court, with the credit on Led Zeppelin releases being changed to "Jimmy Page, inspired by Jake Holmes".

Jake Holmes began his music career in the early 1960s, and recorded and performed with several different groups. He was influenced by psychedelic rock and groups such as the Byrds and the Blues Project, and wrote "Dazed and Confused" in a similar style with a blues influence. In early1967, he recorded the song for his debut solo album "The Above Ground Sound" of Jake Holmes, as a trio of acoustic guitar, electric guitar, and bass. built on a descending chromatic bass line alternating between the 3rd (E G F# F E) and the 7th (E D C# C B). Holmes' singing has been described as "pained", On January 17, 2012, the case was "dismissed with prejudice" after the parties reached an undisclosed settlement out of court.

By late 1966, English rock group the Yardbirds had moved away from recording hit singles towards regular touring. In July 1967, they began their second tour of the US as a quartet, with Jimmy Page as the sole guitarist. The group performed at more countercultural venues, such as the Fillmore Auditorium in San Francisco. Their sets became more varied with extended medleys and featured guitar instrumentals by Page, such as "White Summer" and "Glimpses". On August 25, 1967, the group headlined at the Village Theater in New York City, with opening acts the Youngbloods and Jake Holmes. Yardbirds drummer Jim McCarty was the only Yardbird to catch Holmes' performance. He liked "Dazed and Confused" and bought the album the next day, subsequently playing it to the rest of the band. They reworked the song, focusing the arrangements based on the descending bass line. Page added additional guitar riffs in the middle of the song.

The Yardbirds began to develop a new arrangement for "Dazed and Confused" while still on tour in the U. S. Holmes' brooding atmosphere and descending bass line were retained, as well as most of the lyrics. Page doubled the bass line, echoing Holmes' live performances with two acoustic guitarists. However, propelled by drums and an overdriven Fender Telecaster, the song quickly took on a new, distinctly non folk sound. Singer Keith Relf initially followed Holmes' verses, but later often changed the order or mixed lines from different verses. Led Zeppelin biographer Mick Wall feels that Relf only "slightly altered" the lyrics, while Page biographer Martin Power credits Relf with "writing new lyrics". Yardbirds chronicler Greg Russo describes that gradually the song "moved from Holmes' original lyrics to an alternate set of lyrics that combined words from Jake Holmes and Keith Relf." The Yardbirds' major innovations were the instrumental breaks and an extended instrumental middle section. Writer educator Susan Fast describes the breaks, appearing between the verses and after Page's solo, as "a detail that contributes significantly to the drama of the piece, creating enormous tension at the end of each verse before moving on to the next. It begins with a bowed electric guitar phrasings by Page, answered by vocal and harmonica interjections by Relf. Page attributed the idea of using a violin bow on the guitar to a suggestion from violinist David McCallum, Sr., whom he met in his pre Yardbirds days as a session musician. The bowed section gives way to Page's riff laden guitar solo, propelled by a bass ostinato and fast driving 4/4 meter. The song returns to the slow tempo 12/8 verse structure before the coda. The Yardbirds' new arrangement, contributed by the four members, soon amounted to a major reworking of Holmes' original piece. Bassist Chris Dreja later said, "We found it, arranged it and played it. In a way, it was a great epitaph, because we were feeling very dazed and confused about what the hell was going on!"

"Dazed and Confused" was a regular part of the Yardbirds' performances during their final tours in 1967 and 1968. The song debuted during their short US tour in late 1967, which included a date at the Village Theater. When they returned to England, the group performed a nine minute version in January 1968, around the time the full quartet recorded their last single, "Think About It". On March 5–6, the Yardbirds performed "Dazed and Confused" for BBC Radio. In his Led Zeppelin biography When Giants Walked the Earth, Wall notes that the relatively concise 5:48 version "sounds almost identical musically to the number Page would take credit for on the first Zeppelin album". (Led Zeppelin's studio version lasts 6:28.) Another short (5:46) performance was filmed by French television on March 9 for Bouton Rouge. AllMusic critic Bruce Eder notes it "comes off much better than the official Anderson Theater version from later the same month." On March 28, 1968, the Yardbirds returned to New York to begin their final US tour. Before their March 30 concert at the Anderson Theater, representatives from Epic Records, the group's American label, informed them that it was going to be recorded for a live album. The group felt that it was not sufficiently prepared, but proceeded, with "Dazed and Confused" as their third number. Disappointed with the playbacks, the Yardbirds rejected any idea of releasing the recordings as a live album. However, after Page's rise to fame in Led Zeppelin, Epic released the album in 1971, with "Dazed and Confused" retitled "I'm Confused" (with no composer credit or performance rights organization). (Within a week, Page responded with an injunction, which prevented further sales of the album.) Although the recording and the group's performance is a bit rough, in a review Eder singled out the song as "something new, a slow blues as dark, forbidding, and intense as anything that the band ever cut – it showed where Page, if not his band, was heading." In 2017, Page remixed the Anderson Theater recordings and the song (with the correct title) was issued on Yardbirds '68.

When the Yardbirds disbanded in 1968, Page planned to record the song in the studio with the successor group he had assembled that summer. According to Zeppelin bassist John Paul Jones, the first time he heard the song was at the band's first rehearsal session at Gerrard Street in London, in 1968: "Jimmy played us the riffs at the first rehearsal and said, 'This is a number I want us to do'." The future Led Zeppelin recorded their version in October 1968 at Olympic Studios, London, and the song was included on their debut album Led Zeppelin (1969). "Dazed and Confused" was the second song recorded at the Olympic sessions. The group recorded the song in two takes. Page played a Telecaster and violin bow as he had performed it with the Yardbirds. Other than the lyrics and vocal, the song remained very similar to that performed by the Yardbirds earlier that year. As of 2002, the 1969 promotional EP using "Babe I'm Gonna Leave You" as the A side track and "Dazed and Confused" as B side had been one of top ten Led Zeppelin music collectibles. A collector Rick Barrett, dedicated to his Led Zeppelin memorabilia, sold several copies of the promo EP for –500 each, "depending on the condition of the sleeve and of the record itself," said Barrett. In June 2010, Holmes filed a lawsuit in United States District Court, alleging copyright infringement and naming Page as a co defendant. The suit was "dismissed with prejudice" on January 17, 2012, after an undisclosed settlement between Page and Holmes was reached out of court in the fall of 2011.