История хулахупа: от древности до современности

Toy hoop that is twirled around the waist, limbs or neck
the hula hoop toy

A hula hoop is a toy hoop that is twirled around the waist, limbs or neck. It can also be wheeled along the ground like a wheel with careful execution. They have been used by children and adults since at least 500 BC. The modern hula hoop was inspired by Australian bamboo hoops. Common lore posits the creators of the plastic hoop popularised in the US witnessed Australian children playing with bamboo hoops while driving past in an automobile. The new plastic version was popularized in 1958 by the Wham O toy company and became a fad. Hula hoops for children generally measure approximately in diameter, while those for adults measure around Traditional materials for hula hoops include willow, rattan (a flexible and strong vine), grapevines and stiff grasses. Commercial hoops are usually made of plastic tubing.

Native American Hoop Dance is a form of storytelling dance incorporating hoops as props. These props are used to create both static and dynamic shapes, which represent various animals, symbols, and storytelling elements. The dance is generally performed by a solo dancer with multiple hoops. Before it was known and recognized as the common colorful plastic toy (sometimes filled with water or sand), the traditional "hula hoop" was made of dried willow, rattan, grapevines, or stiff grasses. Though they have been in existence for thousands of years, it is often incorrectly believed that they were invented in the 1950s. Author Charles Panati records a "craze" with the usage of wooden and metal hoops in 14th century England. He reports that doctors treated patients with pain, dislocated backs, and even heart failure due to hooping. Panati also says that the name "hula" came from the Hawaiian dance in the 18th century, due to the similar hip movements. In the same summer, schoolgirls in Australia were using the hoops and news came to the United States with the first reference to the toy as a "Hula hoop", described as "all the rage among the female small fry of Australia. This is old fashioned hoops with a difference. You don't roll them, you put them around your middle and by swinging the hips in a circular motion to keep the hoop revolving— hence the name.". According to "The Playmakers: Amazing Origins of Timeless Toys" by Tim Walsh, the bamboo hoop's path to plastic started in Australia when a Sydney teacher taught school students how to sway bamboo hoops in sports classes. Australia's Coles department stores then started selling bamboo hoops and demand soon outstripped supply. Coles then asked legendary toy man Alex Tolmer (also known as Alec), who founded toy company Toltoys, to help mass produce hoops. In 1957, Tolmer used Polyethylene which was stronger and less brittle than earlier plastics. The new lightweight plastic hoops sold in a variety of colours for less than $2. Toltoys sold 400,000 plastic hoops in Australia in 1957 alone. According to Tolmer's Melbourne based son, David Tolmer, Toltoys already had a good working relationship with Wham O in the United States and when Wham O told Toltoys the hoop was too generic to warrant a royalty, Alex Tolmer instead asked the US company to sponsor one bed in an Australian children's hospital. By 1958, Wham O plastic hoops were being used in California and then the craze for hooping swept the United States and beyond. Richard Knerr and Arthur "Spud" Melin of Wham O updated the Toltoys design and manufactured diameter hoops from Marlex plastic. The earliest known advertisement was seen for the "Hula Hoop by Wham O" was seen on June 16, 1958 for "The Broadway" chain of department stores in Los Angeles, for sale for $1.98 (equivalent to $20 more than 60 years later). With giveaways, national marketing and retailing, a fad began in July 1958: twenty five million plastic hoops were sold in less than four months, and sales reached more than 100 million units in two years. Fire hooping has been introduced, in which spokes are set into the outside of the hoop and tipped with kevlar wicks, which are soaked in fuel and ignited. Collapsible hula hoops have been developed for easy transport and versatility. Weighted hula hoops which weigh between 1.5 and 8 pounds are used for exercises and the extra weight usually comes from plastic or padded steel. People use it for weight loss routines and add some easily repetitive routines (and music) to make it fun.

On September 6, 1958, singer Georgia Gibbs appeared on US TV's The Ed Sullivan Show to sing "The Hula Hoop Song". Her last US top 40 hit, it competed with four other songs created in the wake of the huge fad. Hula hoops are mentioned in the 1958 Alvin and the Chipmunks song, "The Chipmunk Song (Christmas Don't Be Late)". Wayout Toys, under license to Emson, introduced the Alvin Hula Hoop Doll, which dances with his hula hoop and sings the song based on wanting his hula hoop. Joel and Ethan Coen's 1994 comedy film The Hudsucker Proxy tells a fictional story of the hula hoop's invention by a mail room clerk (Tim Robbins) who is installed as president of a manufacturing company as part of an intended business scheme. Hula Hoop is featured as an aerobics minigame in the Wii Fit game franchise. During the production of Pixar Animation Studios film WALL E, Disney. com released a clip of Wall E's first encounter with a hula hoop, swinging it across its neck. Artist Keller Williams released a song "Hula Hoop to the Loop", dedicated to the toy. The final season of M*A*S*H contains an episode titled "Who Knew? ", in which Sergeant Klinger observes children playing with barrel rings, and fashions a hula hoop like toy made of metal tubing. He then tries to get Major Winchester to fund their production, but fails. Hula Hooping Girl, a 2020 street art painting by Banksy in Nottingham, England, portrays a young girl hula hooping with a bicycle tire.