Введение
Библиотека с коллекцией фотографических слайдов
Library with collection of photographic slides
A slide library is a library that houses a collection of photographic slides, either as a part of a larger library or image archive, or standing alone within a larger organization, such as an academic department of a college or university, a museum, or a corporation. Typically, a "slide library" contains slides depicting artwork, architecture, or cultural objects, and is typically used for the study, teaching, and documentation of art history, architectural history, and visual culture. Other academic disciplines, such as biology and other sciences, also maintain image collections akin to slide libraries. Corporations may also have image libraries to maintain and document their publications and history. Increasingly, these types of libraries are known as "Visual Resources Collections," as they may be responsible for all "visual" materials for the study of a subject and include still and moving images in a variety of physical and virtual formats. They may contain:
35mm slides
lantern slides
mounted study photographs
born digital images
35mm, 8mm film
Many educational institutions have changed the names of their slide libraries over the years, to a variety of titles like Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center, etc. The titles and duties of slide librarians have therefore expanded greatly. As keepers of these important historical images, visual resources librarians have continuously cataloged and inventoried slide collections, circulated them to faculty for teaching, and more recently, digitized slides and placed them online via content management systems.
A slide library is a library that houses a collection of photographic slides, either as a part of a larger library or image archive, or standing alone within a larger organization, such as an academic department of a college or university, a museum, or a corporation. Typically, a "slide library" contains slides depicting artwork, architecture, or cultural objects, and is typically used for the study, teaching, and documentation of art history, architectural history, and visual culture. Other academic disciplines, such as biology and other sciences, also maintain image collections akin to slide libraries. Corporations may also have image libraries to maintain and document their publications and history. Increasingly, these types of libraries are known as "Visual Resources Collections," as they may be responsible for all "visual" materials for the study of a subject and include still and moving images in a variety of physical and virtual formats. They may contain:
35mm slides
lantern slides
mounted study photographs
born digital images
35mm, 8mm film
Many educational institutions have changed the names of their slide libraries over the years, to a variety of titles like Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center, etc. The titles and duties of slide librarians have therefore expanded greatly. As keepers of these important historical images, visual resources librarians have continuously cataloged and inventoried slide collections, circulated them to faculty for teaching, and more recently, digitized slides and placed them online via content management systems.
Библиотека слайдов – это библиотека, хранящая коллекцию фотографических слайдов, либо как часть более крупной библиотеки или архива изображений, либо как самостоятельное подразделение в рамках более крупной организации, такой как академический отдел колледжа или университета, музей или корпорация. Как правило, "библиотека слайдов" содержит слайды, изображающие произведения искусства, архитектуру или культурные объекты, и обычно используется для изучения, преподавания и документирования истории искусства, истории архитектуры и визуальной культуры. Другие академические дисциплины, такие как биология и другие науки, также поддерживают коллекции изображений, аналогичные библиотекам слайдов. Корпорации также могут иметь библиотеки изображений для поддержания и документирования своих публикаций и истории. В настоящее время эти типы библиотек все чаще называют "Сборниками визуальных ресурсов", поскольку они могут отвечать за все "визуальные" материалы, используемые в изучении предмета, и включать в себя неподвижные и движущиеся изображения в различных физических и виртуальных форматах. Они могут содержать:
Library with collection of photographic slides
A slide library is a library that houses a collection of photographic slides, either as a part of a larger library or image archive, or standing alone within a larger organization, such as an academic department of a college or university, a museum, or a corporation. Typically, a "slide library" contains slides depicting artwork, architecture, or cultural objects, and is typically used for the study, teaching, and documentation of art history, architectural history, and visual culture. Other academic disciplines, such as biology and other sciences, also maintain image collections akin to slide libraries. Corporations may also have image libraries to maintain and document their publications and history. Increasingly, these types of libraries are known as "Visual Resources Collections," as they may be responsible for all "visual" materials for the study of a subject and include still and moving images in a variety of physical and virtual formats. They may contain:
35mm slides
lantern slides
mounted study photographs
born digital images
35mm, 8mm film
Many educational institutions have changed the names of their slide libraries over the years, to a variety of titles like Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center, etc. The titles and duties of slide librarians have therefore expanded greatly. As keepers of these important historical images, visual resources librarians have continuously cataloged and inventoried slide collections, circulated them to faculty for teaching, and more recently, digitized slides and placed them online via content management systems.
A slide library is a library that houses a collection of photographic slides, either as a part of a larger library or image archive, or standing alone within a larger organization, such as an academic department of a college or university, a museum, or a corporation. Typically, a "slide library" contains slides depicting artwork, architecture, or cultural objects, and is typically used for the study, teaching, and documentation of art history, architectural history, and visual culture. Other academic disciplines, such as biology and other sciences, also maintain image collections akin to slide libraries. Corporations may also have image libraries to maintain and document their publications and history. Increasingly, these types of libraries are known as "Visual Resources Collections," as they may be responsible for all "visual" materials for the study of a subject and include still and moving images in a variety of physical and virtual formats. They may contain:
35mm slides
lantern slides
mounted study photographs
born digital images
35mm, 8mm film
Many educational institutions have changed the names of their slide libraries over the years, to a variety of titles like Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center, etc. The titles and duties of slide librarians have therefore expanded greatly. As keepers of these important historical images, visual resources librarians have continuously cataloged and inventoried slide collections, circulated them to faculty for teaching, and more recently, digitized slides and placed them online via content management systems.
Слайды 35 мм
Слайды-фонари
Смонтированные учебные фотографии
Изображения, созданные в цифровом формате
Пленки 35 мм и 8 мм
Library with collection of photographic slides
A slide library is a library that houses a collection of photographic slides, either as a part of a larger library or image archive, or standing alone within a larger organization, such as an academic department of a college or university, a museum, or a corporation. Typically, a "slide library" contains slides depicting artwork, architecture, or cultural objects, and is typically used for the study, teaching, and documentation of art history, architectural history, and visual culture. Other academic disciplines, such as biology and other sciences, also maintain image collections akin to slide libraries. Corporations may also have image libraries to maintain and document their publications and history. Increasingly, these types of libraries are known as "Visual Resources Collections," as they may be responsible for all "visual" materials for the study of a subject and include still and moving images in a variety of physical and virtual formats. They may contain:
35mm slides
lantern slides
mounted study photographs
born digital images
35mm, 8mm film
Many educational institutions have changed the names of their slide libraries over the years, to a variety of titles like Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center, etc. The titles and duties of slide librarians have therefore expanded greatly. As keepers of these important historical images, visual resources librarians have continuously cataloged and inventoried slide collections, circulated them to faculty for teaching, and more recently, digitized slides and placed them online via content management systems.
A slide library is a library that houses a collection of photographic slides, either as a part of a larger library or image archive, or standing alone within a larger organization, such as an academic department of a college or university, a museum, or a corporation. Typically, a "slide library" contains slides depicting artwork, architecture, or cultural objects, and is typically used for the study, teaching, and documentation of art history, architectural history, and visual culture. Other academic disciplines, such as biology and other sciences, also maintain image collections akin to slide libraries. Corporations may also have image libraries to maintain and document their publications and history. Increasingly, these types of libraries are known as "Visual Resources Collections," as they may be responsible for all "visual" materials for the study of a subject and include still and moving images in a variety of physical and virtual formats. They may contain:
35mm slides
lantern slides
mounted study photographs
born digital images
35mm, 8mm film
Many educational institutions have changed the names of their slide libraries over the years, to a variety of titles like Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center, etc. The titles and duties of slide librarians have therefore expanded greatly. As keepers of these important historical images, visual resources librarians have continuously cataloged and inventoried slide collections, circulated them to faculty for teaching, and more recently, digitized slides and placed them online via content management systems.
Многие учебные заведения за эти годы меняли названия своих библиотек слайдов на различные варианты, такие как Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center и другие. Соответственно, обязанности и должностные функции библиотекарей слайдов значительно расширились. Как хранители этих важных исторических изображений, библиотекари визуальных ресурсов постоянно каталогизируют и инвентаризируют коллекции слайдов, предоставляют их преподавателям для учебного процесса, а в последнее время также оцифровывают слайды и размещают их в сети через системы управления контентом.
Library with collection of photographic slides
A slide library is a library that houses a collection of photographic slides, either as a part of a larger library or image archive, or standing alone within a larger organization, such as an academic department of a college or university, a museum, or a corporation. Typically, a "slide library" contains slides depicting artwork, architecture, or cultural objects, and is typically used for the study, teaching, and documentation of art history, architectural history, and visual culture. Other academic disciplines, such as biology and other sciences, also maintain image collections akin to slide libraries. Corporations may also have image libraries to maintain and document their publications and history. Increasingly, these types of libraries are known as "Visual Resources Collections," as they may be responsible for all "visual" materials for the study of a subject and include still and moving images in a variety of physical and virtual formats. They may contain:
35mm slides
lantern slides
mounted study photographs
born digital images
35mm, 8mm film
Many educational institutions have changed the names of their slide libraries over the years, to a variety of titles like Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center, etc. The titles and duties of slide librarians have therefore expanded greatly. As keepers of these important historical images, visual resources librarians have continuously cataloged and inventoried slide collections, circulated them to faculty for teaching, and more recently, digitized slides and placed them online via content management systems.
A slide library is a library that houses a collection of photographic slides, either as a part of a larger library or image archive, or standing alone within a larger organization, such as an academic department of a college or university, a museum, or a corporation. Typically, a "slide library" contains slides depicting artwork, architecture, or cultural objects, and is typically used for the study, teaching, and documentation of art history, architectural history, and visual culture. Other academic disciplines, such as biology and other sciences, also maintain image collections akin to slide libraries. Corporations may also have image libraries to maintain and document their publications and history. Increasingly, these types of libraries are known as "Visual Resources Collections," as they may be responsible for all "visual" materials for the study of a subject and include still and moving images in a variety of physical and virtual formats. They may contain:
35mm slides
lantern slides
mounted study photographs
born digital images
35mm, 8mm film
Many educational institutions have changed the names of their slide libraries over the years, to a variety of titles like Visual Resources Center, Imaging & AV Center, Digital Collections Center, etc. The titles and duties of slide librarians have therefore expanded greatly. As keepers of these important historical images, visual resources librarians have continuously cataloged and inventoried slide collections, circulated them to faculty for teaching, and more recently, digitized slides and placed them online via content management systems.
История коллекций визуальных ресурсов
Первые американские коллекции слайдов-фонарей, созданные музеями для отражения и дополнения их собраний, начали формироваться в период с 1860 по 1879 год: Американский музей естественной истории, Военный музей штата Нью-Йорк, Смитсоновский институт и музей Винтертур. Американские колледжи и университеты начали создавать свои коллекции в тот же период: Университет ДеПау, Колумбийский университет, Оберлинский колледж, Принстонский университет, Университет Рочестера. Коллекции колледжей и университетов использовались главным образом для учебных занятий. Первым иллюстрированным курсом по истории архитектуры к западу от Миссисипи стал курс Джона Галена Говарда «Архитектура 5А F» в Калифорнийском университете в Беркли в 1905 году. Этот шестисеместровый курс был обязательным для всех студентов-архитекторов, и, как и другие курсы по истории архитектуры того времени, по крайней мере в MIT и Корнелле, продолжался несколько лет. Разумеется, лекции сопровождались демонстрацией слайдов-фонарей. В США слайды-фонари обычно имели размеры 3 x 4,25 дюйма. 1950-е годы стали периодом перехода от черно-белых слайдов-фонарей, которые до этого часто раскрашивались вручную, к цветной позитивной пленке. Слайды-фонари стали снимать непосредственно на цветную пленку, а слайд формата 35 мм (2"x2" с изображением 24 мм x 36 мм) приобрел популярность. Расцвет слайдов-фонарей продолжался около ста лет, с 1860 по 1960 год. Период господства 35-миллиметрового слайда был примерно вдвое короче, пятьдесят лет – с 1955 по 2005 год.
The first American lantern slide collections, developed by museums to reflect and augment their collections, got their start between 1860 and 1879: the American Natural History Museum, the New York State Military Museum, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Winterthur Museum. American colleges and universities began their collections during the same period of time: DePauw University, Columbia University, Oberlin College, Princeton University, University of Rochester. Colleges and university collections were used primarily for classroom instruction. The first illustrated architectural history course west of the Mississippi was John Galen Howard's Architecture 5A F at the University of California, Berkeley in 1905. The six semester course was required for all architecture students, and like other architectural history courses of its time, at MIT and Cornell at least, were multi year in duration. Of course, the lecture was illustrated by lantern slides. In the U. S., lantern slides generally measured 3"x 4.25". The 1950s was a period of transition from black and white lantern slides, which heretofore had often been hand colored, to color positive film. Lantern slides were shot directly onto color film, and the 35mm slide (2"x2" with an image of 24mm x 36mm) gained in popularity. The heyday of the lantern slide lasted one hundred years, more or less, from 1860 to 1960. The reign of the 35mm slide, more or less, was about half as long, fifty years, 1955–2005.
Хронология: Развитие визуальных ресурсов (коллекции и профессия) в США
1865. В США начинают формироваться первые коллекции слайдов. Эти стеклянные слайды размером 3,25" x 4,0" проецировались четко и с высокой детализацией. Однако для проекторов требовался известковый свет, который был грязным и опасным.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. Разработана первая прозрачная, гибкая основа для пленки из нитроцеллюлозы.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1888. Разработан первый перфорированный рулон пленки.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1889. Истман объединил нитроцеллюлозную пленку, перфорированные края и сухую гелатинобромидную эмульсию, создав первый безбумажный рулон пленки.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1902. Суд отклонил патент Истмана, разрешив любой компании производить 35-мм пленку.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1905. Библиотека архитектуры Калифорнийского университета в Беркли приобрела свой первый слайд-лантерн – «Древо архитектуры», созданный на основе книги Бэнистера Флетчера «История архитектуры сравнительным методом».
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1909. Компания Motion Picture Patents Company, траст Эдисона, приняла 35 мм в качестве международного стандартного формата.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1913. 35-мм формат пленки был внедрен в стационарную фотографию.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1925. Представлена камера Leica, использующая 35-мм пленку для стационарной фотографии.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1930. Представлена безопасная пленка (целлюлозный диацетат).
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1934–1936. Представлена слайд-пленка Kodachrome 35 мм, но она не получила широкого распространения в колледжах и университетах. Пленка была либо легковоспламеняющейся, либо хрупкой.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1949. Kodak заменил все пленки на основе нитрата целлюлозы на свою безопасную пленку на основе триацетата целлюлозы.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1952. Все фотопленки теперь изготавливаются на основе триацетата целлюлозы, что способствовало широкому распространению 35-мм пленки как на любительском, так и на академическом рынках.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1952+. Американские преподаватели разделились во мнениях относительно использования слайдов-лантернов из-за их четкости или 35-мм слайдов из-за простоты их производства и транспортировки в аудиторию. Начались острые дебаты о том, достаточно ли стабильна цветная 35-мм пленка для использования и не приведет ли потеря четкости к ухудшению преподавания истории искусств. Молодые преподаватели стали использовать 35-мм пленку, а старшие предпочитали слайды-лантерны.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1968. Кураторы визуальных ресурсов начали проводить встречи во время ежегодных конференций College Art Association (CAA).
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1969. Основано Art Libraries Society, созданное в Соединенном Королевстве и Ирландии.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1969. Первая «универсальная» система классификации, опубликованная Лурайн Танси и Венделлом Симонсом под названием «Система классификации слайдов для организации и автоматической индексации междисциплинарных коллекций слайдов и изображений».
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1972. Основано Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) группой художественных библиотекарей, посетивших ежегодную конференцию Американской библиотечной ассоциации в Чикаго.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1972. Нэнси ДеЛауриер организовала кураторов визуальных ресурсов Mid America College Art Association.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1974. *Слайд-библиотеки: руководство для академических учреждений и музеев* Бетти Джо Ирвин. Издано Libraries Unlimited для Art Libraries Society.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1974. Начало публикации информационного бюллетеня *Слайды и фотографии* Mid America College Art Association под руководством Нэнси ДеЛауриер.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1974. *Руководство для покупателей слайдов*, пересмотренное издание, под редакцией Нэнси ДеЛауриер, издано Университетом Миссури в Канзас-Сити «для Американской ассоциации художественных колледжей». Тираж ограничен 500 экземплярами.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1976. *Руководство для покупателей слайдов*, 3-е издание, под редакцией Нэнси ДеЛауриер, издано College Art Association.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1978. *Руководство по фотографическим коллекциям*, под редакцией Нэнси Шуллер и Сьюзан Тамулонис, издано MACAA/VR.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1978. *Руководство по оборудованию для обслуживания и просмотра слайдов*, под редакцией Джиллиан Скотт, издано MACAA/VR.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1979. *Слайд-библиотеки: руководство для академических учреждений, музеев и специальных коллекций* Бетти Джо Ирвин при содействии П. Эйлин Фрай. Libraries Unlimited.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1979. *Руководство по управлению коллекциями визуальных ресурсов*, под редакцией Нэнси Шуллер и издано MACAA/VR (Комитет по визуальным ресурсам Ассоциации художественных колледжей Средней Америки).
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1980. *Руководство по копированию фотографий для коллекций визуальных ресурсов*, под редакцией Розмари Куэн и Арлин Зельда Ричардсон, издано MACAA/VR.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1980. *Стандарт для комплектации штата слайд-коллекций изобразительных искусств*, разработанный специальным комитетом по профессиональным стандартам для коллекций визуальных ресурсов.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1980. *Руководство для покупателей слайдов*, 4-е издание, под редакцией Нэнси ДеЛауриер, издано Mid America College Art Association, Комитетом по визуальным ресурсам.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1980. Информационный бюллетень *Слайды и фотографии* Mid America College Art Association возрожден как *International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts*.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1980. Запущен журнал *Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation* под руководством Хелен Робертс, издаваемый Iconographic Publications.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1980. Запущен проект Art and Architecture Thesaurus для обеспечения тематического доступа к искусству и архитектуре.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1982–1983. Кураторы визуальных ресурсов из MACAA/VR, CAA и ARLIS/NA основали Visual Resources Association (VRA).
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1983. *Стандарты для художественных библиотек и слайд-коллекций изобразительных искусств*, опубликовано как Occasional Paper No. 2 ARLIS/NA.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1985. *Руководство для покупателей слайдов: международный справочник источников слайдов по искусству и архитектуре*, 5-е издание, под редакцией Норин Данкан Кэшман, индекс Марка Браунштейна, издано Libraries Unlimited в рамках их серии Visual resources.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1986. Сара Шатфорд Лейн опубликовала «Анализ темы картины: теоретический подход» в *Cataloging and Classification Quarterly*, vol. 6(3).
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1987. Тони Петерсен, президент ARLIS/NA, призвала подразделение визуальных ресурсов начать разработку некоторых стандартных авторитетов для совместного каталогизирования.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1988. Представлен Barneyscan, первый специализированный сканер 35-мм слайдов.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1989. Visual Resources Association запустила свой бюллетень.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1990. *Art and Architecture Thesaurus*, под редакцией Тони Петерсен, издано Oxford University Press в 3 томах. Критический шаг в обеспечении тематического доступа к отдельным 35-мм слайдам в коллекциях визуальных ресурсов.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1990. *Руководство для покупателей слайдов: международный справочник источников слайдов по искусству и архитектуре*, 6-е издание, под редакцией Норин Данкан Кэшман, издано Libraries Unlimited, серия Visual resources. В верхней части титульного листа: Visual Resources Association.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1990. *Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access*, под редакцией Тони Петерсен и Пэт Молхолт, издано G. K. Hall. Несколько статей о визуальных ресурсах, включая: «Доступ к разнообразным коллекциям в университетских условиях: дилемма Беркли» Говарда Бессера и Мэрили Сноу и «Визуальные изображения и использование MARC: взгляд из окопов библиотечного дела слайдов» Мэрили Сноу.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1990. Тим Бернерс-Ли начал работу над гипертекстовым графическим пользовательским интерфейсом (GUI) и придумал название World Wide Web для программы.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1991. *Стандарты оснащения для художественных библиотек и коллекций визуальных ресурсов*, под редакцией Бетти Джо Ирвин. Издано Libraries Unlimited для ARLIS/NA.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1991. *World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations*, составлено Эдвардом Х. Тигом, издано Greenwood Press в рамках его Art Reference Collection No. 12.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1991. Visual Resources Association создала свой список рассылки VRA L, важный инструмент связи для своих кураторов визуальных ресурсов.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1992. *Руководство пользователя по Art and Architecture Thesaurus*, опубликовано вместе с электронной версией Oxford University Press.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1993. Visual Resources Association создала свой Комитет по стандартам данных.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1994. Март. Марк Андреесен покинул Национальный центр суперкомпьютерных приложений (NCSA), чтобы основать Mosaic Communications Corp, позже ставшую Netscape. Mosaic запустил World Wide Web для широкой публики.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1994. Сентябрь. Первая база данных изображений SPIRO дебютировала в World Wide Web.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1995. *Concordance of Ancient Site Names*, под редакцией Эйлин Фрай и Мэрили Сноу, опубликовано как Topical Paper No. 2 ARLIS/NA (см. призыв 1987 года к работе по авторитетам визуальных ресурсов). Это один из первых научных авторитетов, созданных кураторами визуальных ресурсов для каталогизации визуальных ресурсов.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1995. *Критерии найма и удержания специалистов по визуальным ресурсам*, принятые исполнительными советами ARLIS/NA и VRA.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1996. *Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook*, под редакцией Тони Петерсен, опубликовано как Occasional Paper No. 10 ARLIS/NA.
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1996. *Стандарты комплектации штата художественных библиотек и коллекций визуальных ресурсов*, опубликовано как Occasional Paper No. 11…
1865. First lantern slide collections begin developing in the U. S. These 3.25" x 4.0" glass slides projected clearly with great detail. However, projectors required lime light which was dirty and dangerous
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released
1887. First transparent, flexible nitrocellulose film base developed
1888. First perforated film stock developed
1889. Eastman combined nitrocellulose film stock, perforated edges, and dry gelatino bromide emulsion to create the first paperless film stock
1902. Court denies Eastman's exclusive patent, allowing any company to develop 35mm film
1905. UC Berkeley's Architecture Library acquires its first lantern slide, the tree of architecture, made from Banister Fletcher's book, A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method
1909. 35mm adopted as the international standard gauge by Motion Picture Patents Company, an Edison trust
1913. 35mm film format introduced into still photography
1925. Leica Camera introduced, using 35mm still film
1930. Safety film introduced (cellulose diacetate)
1934–1936. Kodachrome 35mm slide film introduced, but not widely adopted by colleges and universities. Film stock was either flammable or brittle
1949. Kodak replaces all nitrate based films with its safety film, a cellulose triacetate base
1952. All camera film is now triacetate based, paving the way for widespread adoption of 35mm film in both amateur and academic markets
1952+ American faculty widely divided in their allegiances to lantern slides for their clarity or to 35mm slides for their ease of production and transport to class. Huge debates begin about whether 35mm color film is stable enough for adoption and whether the loss of clarity will ruin the teaching of art history. Younger faculty adopt 35mm film, while older faculty prefer lantern slides
1968. Visual resources curators begin meeting during annual College Art Association (CAA) conferences
1969. Art Libraries Society, established in the United Kingdom and Ireland, founded
1969. The first "universal" classification system published by Luraine Tansey and Wendell Simons under the title, A slide classification system for the organization and automatic indexing of interdisciplinary collections of slides and pictures
1972. Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) founded by a group of art librarians attending the American Library Association annual conference in Chicago
1972. Nancy DeLaurier organizes the visual resources curators of Mid America College Art Association
1974. Slide libraries; a guide for academic institutions and museums, by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for Art Libraries Society
1974. Mid America College Art Association slides and photographs newsletter begins publishing under the leadership of Nancy DeLaurier
1974. Slide buyer's guide, revised edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by University of Missouri Kansas City, "for The College Art Association of America". Limited to 500 copies
1976. Slide buyer's guide, 3rd edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by the College Art Association
1978. Guide for Photograph Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and Susan Tamulonis, published by MACAA/VR
1978. Guide to Equipment for Slide Maintenance and Viewing, edited by Gillian Scott, published by MACAA/VR
1979. Slide libraries : a guide for academic institutions, museums, and special collections, by Betty Jo Irvine with assistance from P. Eileen Fry. Libraries Unlimited
1979. Guide for the Management of Visual Resources Collections, edited by Nancy Schuller and published by MACAA/VR (Mid America College Art Association Visual Resources Committee)
1980. Guide to Copy Photography for Visual Resource Collections, edited by Rosemary Kuehn and Arlene Zelda Richardson, published by MACAA/VR
1980. Standard for staffing fine arts slide collections, by the Ad hoc Committee on Professional Standards for Visual Resources Collections
1980. Slide buyer's guide, 4th edition, edited by Nancy DeLaurier, published by Mid America College Art Association, Visual Resources Committee
1980. MACAA slides and photographs newsletter reborn as the International Bulletin for Photograph Documentation of the Visual Arts
1980. Visual Resources: an international journal of documentation launched by Helene Roberts, published by Iconographic Publications
1980. Art and Architecture Thesaurus project launched to provide subject access for art and architecture
1982–1983. Visual Resources curators from MACAA/VR, CAA, and ARLIS/NA launch Visual Resources Association (VRA)
1983. Standards for art libraries and fine arts slide collections, published as Occasional Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA
1985. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 5th edition, edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, index by Mark Braunstein, published by Libraries Unlimited as part of their Visual resources series
1986. Sara Shatford Layne publishes "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach"in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, vol. 6(3)
1987. Toni Petersen, President of ARLIS/NA, urges the Visual Resources Division, to begin developing some standard authorities for shared cataloging
1988. Barneyscan, first dedicated 35mm slide scanner, introduced
1989. Visual Resources Association launches its bulletin
1990. Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Toni Petersen, editor, published by Oxford University Press in 3 volumes. Critical step in providing subject access to individual 35mm slides in visual resources collections
1990. Slide buyers' guide : an international directory of slide sources for art and architecture, 6th edition edited by Norine Duncan Cashman, published by Libraries Unlimited, Visual resources series. At head of title: Visual Resources Association
1990. Beyond the Book: Extending MARC for Subject Access, edited by Toni Petersen and Pat Molholt, by G. K. Hall. Several papers on visual resources, including : "Access to Diverse Collections in University Settings: the Berkeley Dilemma", by Howard Besser and Maryly Snow, and "Visual Depictions and the Use of MARC: A View from the Trenches of Slide Librarianship", by Maryly Snow
1990. Tim Berners Lee starts work on a hypertext graphical user interface (GUI) and makes up the name World Wide Web as the name for the program
1991. Facilities Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Collections, edited by Betty Jo Irvine. Published by Libraries Unlimited for ARLIS/NA
1991. World Architecture Index: a Guide to Illustrations, compiled by Edward H. Teague, published by Greenwood Press as part of its Art Reference Collection No. 12
1991. Visual Resources Association creates its listserv, VRA L, a vital communication tool for its visual resources curators members
1992. Users' Guide to The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, published along with the electronic edition by Oxford University Press
1993. Visual Resources Association established its Data Standards Committee
1994. March. Marc Andreessen leaves National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) to found the Mosaic Communications Corp, later becomes Netscape. Mosaic launches the World Wide Web for the general public
1994. September. First image database, SPIRO, debuts on the World Wide Web. 1995. Concordance of Ancient Site Names, edited by Eileen Fry and Maryly Snow, published as Topical Paper No. 2 of ARLIS/NA (see 1987 call for visual resources authority work). This is one of the first scholarly authorities created by visual resources curators for visual resources cataloging
1995. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals adopted by the executive boards of both ARLIS/NA and VRA
1996. Art and Architecture Thesaurus Sourcebook, edited by Toni Petersen, published as Occasional Paper No. 10 of ARLIS/NA
1996. Staffing Standards for Art Libraries and Visual Resources Coillections, published as Occasional Paper No. 11 of ARLIS/NA
1996. VRA Core 1.0 released
1998. Vision Project, sponsored by Research Libraries Group. First shared cataloging project with 32 visual resources collections cataloging and sharing images. Vision Project also served as a test of VRA Core 1.0
1998. VRA Core 2.0 released
1998. ArtMARC Sourcebook: Cataloging Art, Architecture, and Their Visual Images, edited by Linda McRae and Lynda White, published by American Library Association
2000. Guidelines for the Visual Resources Profession, edited by Kim Kopatz. A joint publication of ARLIS/NA and VRA
2000. Collection Development Policies for Libraries and Visual Collections in the Arts, compiled by Ann Baird Whiteside, Pamela Born, Adeane Alpert Bregman, published as Occasional Paper No. 12 of ARLIS/NA
2001. VRA Copy Photography Computator (for determining intellectual property restrictions and fair use) released
2002. VRA Core 3.0 released
2002. Criteria for the Hiring and Retention of Visual Resources Professionals updated, and adopted by ARLIS/NA, VRA, and College Art Association
2004. ARTstor image database, a project of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, is available for licensing. ARTstor combines finding, organizing, and presenting images in one integrated software environment
2004. Kodak discontinues manufacturing its 35mm carousel projectors and carousels. This sends a strong signal to American professors that the time to switch from 35mm slides to digital images is now
2004. North American Lantern Slide Survey begun, jointly sponsored by ARLIS/NA and VRA
2005. VRA Core 4.0 Beta released
2006. Cataloging Cultural Objects published by American Library Association. Edited by Murtha Baca, Patricia Harpring, Elisa Lanzi, Linda McRae, Ann Baird Whiteside on behalf of the Visual Resources Association
2007. VRA Core 4.0 released