Онтарионың Симко округінің тарихы мен құрылысы

Simcoe County is located in the central portion of Southern Ontario, Canada. The county is just north of the Greater Toronto Area, stretching from the shores of Lake Simcoe in the east to Georgian Bay in the west. Simcoe County forms part of the Greater Golden Horseshoe area, a densely populated and industrialized region, centred on the Greater Toronto Area. The land area of the county is Its initial territory was described as follows:

Matchedash, Gloucester, or Penetanguishene, together with Prince William Henry's Island, and all the land lying between the Midland District and a line produced due north from a certain fixed boundary (at the distance of about fifty miles north west from the outlet of Burlington Bay) till it intersects the northern limits of the Province

At its beginning, the County existed only for purposes of military enlistment. In 1823, it became a separate constituency for elections to the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada, but, as eligibility to vote was dependent upon having title to property, and Simcoe's first registrar of deeds was not appointed until 1826, it did not send a separate member to the Assembly until the election of John Cawthra in 1828. It was withdrawn from the Home District in 1837, with its territory divided as follows:

+Townships of Simcoe County in 1837 (before reorganization)DistrictCountyTownshipsSimcoeSimcoe Adjala
Essa
Flos
West Gwillimbury
Innisfil
Matchedash
Medonte
Nottawasaga
Orillia (North Division)
Orillia (South Division)
Oro
Sunnidale
Tay
Tecumseth
Tiny
Tosorontio
VespraWellingtonWaterloo Amaranth
Luther
Melancthon
ProtonHomeFourth Riding of York Thorah
Mara
Rama

Between 1837 and 1841 several acts were passed by the Legislature of Upper Canada which set apart Simcoe District. These acts named the townships that the County would encompass and authorized the levying of taxes for the purpose of constructing a jail and court house. On January 11, 1843, the jail and court house having been duly erected, the Governor General proclaimed the County of Simcoe to be a separate and distinct District. The province of Canada also appointed James R. Gowan as the first judge of the District of Simcoe. The District was restructured in 1845, changing its composition to the following 24 townships:

Adjala
Artemesia
Collingwood
Essa
Flos
West Gwillimbury
Innisfil
Medonte
Matchedash
Mulmur
Mono
Nottawasaga
Osprey
Oro
North Orillia
South Orillia
Saint Vincent
Sunnidale
Tay
Tecumseth
Tosorontio
Tiny
Uphrasia (sic)
Vespra

Effective January 1, 1850, Simcoe District was abolished, and Simcoe County was organized for municipal purposes. Between 1845 and 1851, there had been a campaign to have the part of West Gwillimbury south of the Holland River annexed to York County. The County Council finally agreed to this action in 1851, subject to arbitration as to the division of liabilities. It was implemented by an Act of the Parliament of the Province of Canada later that year. On January 1, 1852, after transferring its five western townships to Grey County, the County was defined as including the following townships:

Adjala
Essa
Flos
Gwillimbury West
Innisfil
Matchedash
Medonte
Mono
Mulmur
Nottawasaga
Orillia
Oro
Sunnidale
Tay
Tecumseth
Tiny
Tossorontio (sic)
Vespra

Together with the unorganized territory bounded to the north by the French River, to the south by the Severn River and Rama Township, to the west by Lake Huron and to the east by the former boundary between the Home District and the Newcastle District as extended to the French River. The unorganized territory, some of which had been surveyed into townships, together with parts of Victoria County and Nipissing District, was withdrawn in 1868 1869 to form the new District of Muskoka and District of Parry Sound. However, any municipalities established in them still formed part of the original counties for municipal purposes, and they were still responsible for the administration of justice, which proved to be problematic. The portions of the districts that were not part of Simcoe County were transferred to it in 1877. This lasted until 1888, when the territory contained within the districts was separated from Simcoe County. Mono and Mulmur Townships were withdrawn from Simcoe County in 1881 and transferred to the newly formed Dufferin County. Mara and Rama Townships were transferred to Simcoe County following the dissolution of Ontario County in 1974.

As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Simcoe County had a population of 533169 living in 202824 of its 225087 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 479635. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021. + Panethnic groups in Simcoe County (2001−2021)Panethnicgroup20212016201120062001Pop. (Population)% (percentage)Pop. (Population)% (percentage)Pop. (Population)% (percentage)Pop. (Population)% (percentage)Pop. (Population)% (percentage) European 435,295 82.90 415,205 88.13 400,355 91.35 387,295 92.88 351,440 94.39 Indigenous 24,545 4.67 21,960 4.66 17,540 4.00 13,035 3.13 9,520 2.56 South Asian 16,270 3.10 7,245 1.54 3,625 0.83 3,290 0.79 1,835 0.49 African 12,725 2.42 7,150 1.52 4,465 1.02 3,660 0.88 2,850 0.77 Southeast Asian 8,895 1.69 5,375 1.14 3,270 0.75 2,615 0.63 1,800 0.48 East Asian 7,930 1.51 5,635 1.20 4,070 0.93 3,190 0.76 2,710 0.73 Latin American 7,820 1.49 3,990 0.85 2,135 0.49 1,755 0.42 915 0.25 Middle Eastern 6,485 1.24 2,035 0.43 780 0.18 915 0.22 470 0.13 Other 5,110 0.97 2,540 0.54 2,050 0.47 1,235 0.30 790 0.21 Total responses 525,080 98.48 471,130 98.22 438,285 98.26 417,000 98.77 372,330 98.75 Total population 533,169 100.00 479,650 100.00 446,063 100.00 422,204 100.00 377,050 100.00

The Corporation of the County of Simcoe comprises 16 local municipalities. As an "upper tier" municipality, the County of Simcoe is responsible for municipal services which include social housing, land ambulance and emergency planning, environmental services (solid waste management), a County road system, Ontario Works, children's services, homes for the aged, a library co operative, museum, archives, County forest management, tourism, a Geographic Information System (computer mapping) and land use policy planning. The local, or "lower tier" municipalities are responsible for water and sewer services, local roads, public libraries, recreation services, fire and police services, land use development control and licensing and permitting services. The cities of Barrie and Orillia, although separate politically and administratively from the County, are geographically and economically part of the County and send elected representatives to serve on County committees which provide services to the residents of the cities, including paramedic services, long term care facilities, social services, social housing, archives and Museum. They are counted within the census division. County Council is composed of the mayors and deputy mayors of each of the sixteen towns and townships which comprise the County of Simcoe. The head of County Council is called the Warden and is elected for a one year term by the council members at the Inaugural Meeting, held each December. Though once a consideration according to the Wasaga Sun, Simcoe County has elected not to restructure itself as a regional municipality.

The economy of Simcoe County is diverse and includes a full range of businesses from agricultural, industrial and high tech sectors. Honda of Canada Manufacturing has been established in Simcoe County since 1986 and is one of the county's largest single employers. In addition to the automotive industry, other industries include plastics, glass manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and aggregate resources. The county is also home to other institutions including Casino Rama, Georgian College, Canadian Forces Base Borden, a campus of Lakehead University and the Ontario Provincial Police Headquarters. Agri business is a diverse, multi faceted industry and farmland in the region is among the best in all of Canada, including a section of the Holland Marsh in Bradford. Tourism is a vital industry in Simcoe County, providing a diversity of jobs and economic impact in a variety of sectors including accommodation, restaurants, destinations, events and retail. Simcoe County plays host to over eight million visitors annually that contributes more than 570 million dollars in spending to its economy.

The road network in Simcoe County is based on a grid pattern, with most roads running north–south or east–west. The topography of the land has permitted roads to be set in predominantly straight lines. Simcoe County is traversed by many Provincial Highways; Ontario Highway 400 being the most significant. Other provincial highways in Simcoe County include: Highway 11, Highway 12, Highway 26, Highway 89 and Highway 93. Simcoe County also maintains an extensive series of County Roads, see List of numbered roads in Simcoe County.

GO Transit operates daily commuter rail services to and from downtown Toronto along its Barrie line with three stops in Simcoe County: one stop in Bradford West Gwillimbury (Bradford) and two stops in Barrie (Barrie South and Allandale Waterfront). Via Rail's Canadian Toronto Vancouver transcontinental passenger train makes request stops at the Washago railway station in Severn. There are three main rail freight operators in Simcoe County; Canadian National Railway (CN), Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) and Barrie Collingwood Railway.

Lake Simcoe Regional Airport is a registered airport located almost midway between Barrie and Orillia, in the township of Oro Medonte. The airport is owned jointly by the City of Barrie (10%), and the County (90%). The airport is equipped to accommodate propeller and jet aircraft, and is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency. The County is also served by the Orillia Ramara Regional Airport in Ramara, 12 km northeast of Orillia. The closest major airport, however, is Toronto Pearson International Airport.

The County has operated an intercommunity regional bus service, LINX, since 2018. It also operates a subsidiary paratransit service called LINX+. The LINX system connects population centres in the area such as Barrie, Orillia, Midland, Penetanguishene, Wasaga Beach, and Collingwood, and acts as an intermediate transit layer between local community bus services and higher order regional transit, such as GO Transit and Ontario Northland. Planned future routes would connect Alliston with Bradford West Gwillimbury, and Midland with Orillia.

Some of the County's larger urban centres have local public transit operations, which consist of bus services. These include Barrie Transit, BWG Transit (Bradford West Gwillimbury), Colltrans (Collingwood), Orillia Transit, Midland Penetanguishene Transit, and Wasaga Beach Transit.

Intercity bus services serving Simcoe County include GO Transit (Route 68), and Ontario Northland.