Канада жазушысы Арита ван Херк: өмір және шығармашылық жолы

Canadian writer, critic, editor, public intellectual, and university professor

Aritha van Herk, , is a Canadian writer, critic, editor, public intellectual, and university professor. Her work often includes feminist themes, and depicts and analyzes the culture of western Canada.

She was born in Wetaskiwin, Alberta (near Edmonton) on 26 May 1954 and spent her childhood in the village of Edberg, Alberta. Her parents and elder siblings immigrated to Canada from the Netherlands before she was born, having endured Nazi occupation in WWII. Van Herk studied Canadian literature and Creative Writing at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, graduating with a B. A. Honours in 1976, and an M. A. in 1978.

Since 1983, van Herk has been teaching at the University of Calgary. She teaches Creative Writing (prose), Canadian Literature (fiction), and Contemporary World Fiction in English, and Fiction by Women. She won the University of Calgary Students' Union Teaching Excellence Award for the Faculty of Arts in 2011. In the same year, she received the Writers' Guild of Alberta's Golden Pen Lifetime Achievement Award and the Alberta Order of Excellence. She received an honorary Doctor of Canon Law from St. John's College, University of Manitoba in 2013. In 2016, Van Herk gave the Lecture of a Lifetime at the University of Calgary and wrote a short book to commemorate the university's 50th anniversary. She received an honorary Doctor of Letters from Athabasca University in 2018.

Van Herk's writing career began with the publication of her M. A. thesis in 1978. Judith, a novel that explores a female protagonist's experiences in both rural and urban Canadian spaces, was the first winner of the Seal First Novel Award (C$50,000) from McClelland and Stewart, which granted the book international distribution throughout North America and Europe. In 2018, Judith was adapted to the stage by Heather Davies. The play, titled Judith: Memories of a Lady Pig Farmer, premiered at the Blyth Festival in Blyth, Ontario on 27 June 2018. With her second novel, The Tent Peg (1981), van Herk continued to focus on issues of both female experience and the Canadian wilderness in a narrative where the female protagonist disguises herself as a man in order to get a job as a cook in a northern geological bush camp. Van Herk challenged literary conventions with her third novel, No Fixed Address: An Amorous Journey (1986), a parody of the picaresque genre in which underwear saleswoman Arachne Manteia traverses the Canadian prairies in her vintage Mercedes Benz. The novel, nominated for the Governor General's Award, won the Writers' Guild of Alberta Award for Fiction. Like No Fixed Address, van Herk's fourth novel Restlessness (1998) is written in an a typical narrative form, and features another female character on the fly. In this reversed Sheherazade tale, Dorcas, a nomadic protagonist, divulges her life story to the man whom she has contracted to kill her.

Van Herk has published a number of works blending fiction and criticism, often set in the Canadian west and the far north. In 1990, she initiated a new genre she called geografictione, with Places Far From Ellesmere. As a travel narrative that analyzes the concepts of both travel and narrative, Places Far From Ellesmere questions the journeys that take place within fiction itself, including Tolstoy's Anna Karenina. Van Herk wrote the afterword for the 1990 New Canadian Library edition of Marian Engel's novel Bear and the introduction to the 2000 University of Alberta Press edition of Robert Kroetsch's The Studhorse Man. Van Herk has also published two collections of essays and ficto criticism, In Visible Ink (crypto frictions) (1991) and A Frozen Tongue (1992). Both works combine aspects of fiction, memoir, poetry, and criticism.

Van Herk's more recent work has focused on the history of Alberta, with Mavericks: an Incorrigible History of Alberta (2001), winner of the Grant MacEwan Author's Award. Mavericks led to a permanent exhibition by the same name. It opened at Calgary's Glenbow Museum in 2007, was nominated for an Alberta Tourism Award in the category of Alberta Pride, and won the White Hat of the Year Award from the city of Calgary. Audacious and Adamant: the Story of Maverick Alberta (2007) was published to correspond with the Mavericks Exhibition.

In Visible Ink: Crypto frictions. Edmonton: NeWest, 1991. A Frozen Tongue: Selected Criticism and Ficto Criticism. Mundelstrup, Denmark: Dangeroo, 1992.

Mavericks: An Incorrigible History of Alberta. Toronto: Penguin, 2001. Audacious and Adamant: The Story of Maverick Alberta. Toronto: KeyPorter, 2007. In This Place Calgary: 2004 2011. Photographs by George Webber, words by Aritha van Herk. Calgary: Frontenac House, 2011. Prairie Gothic. Photographs by George Webber, words by Aritha van Herk. Victoria: Rocky Mountain Books, 2012. The Age of Audacity: 50 Years of Ambition and Adventure at Calgary's Own University. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 2016.

More Stories From Western Canada. Toronto: Macmillan, 1980. (with Ruby Wiebe)
West of Fiction. Edmonton: NeWest, 1983. (with Leah Flater & Ruby Wiebe)
Alberta Re/Bound. Edmonton: NeWest, 1990. Boundless Alberta. Edmonton: NeWest, 1993. Due West. Coteau, NeWest and Turnstone, 1996. (with Wayne Tefs and Geoffrey Ursell)
Building Liberty: Canada and World Peace, 1945 2005. Groningen, the Netherlands: Barkhuis, 2005. (with Conny Steenman Marcusse)
Carol Shields: Evocation and Echo. Groningen: Barkuis Publishing, 2009. (with Conny Steenman Marcusse)
The Canadian Postmodern: A Study of Contemporary Canadian Fiction. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2012. (with Linda Hutcheon)
The Domestic Space Reader. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 2012. (with Chiara Briganti and Kathy Mezei)
The Worlds of Carol Shields. Otaawa: U of Ottawa P, 2014. (with David Staines)