Туғаннан әйел деп тағайындалған ер адамдар

Man assigned female at birth

A trans man (short for transgender man) is a man who was assigned female at birth. Trans men have a male gender identity, and many trans men undergo medical and social transition to alter their appearance in a way that aligns with their gender identity or alleviates gender dysphoria.

In the United States, the ratio of trans men within the general population is unclear, but estimates range between 1:2,000 and 1:100,000. A U. S. Census Bureau study in 2015 suggests that there were around 58,000 name changes in census records consistent with female to male transitions although only 7,500 of these changed their sex coding as well. In a study by Kara Devaney, entitled Transgender Research Literature Review, it is addressed that the term transgender encompasses a myriad of different and unique identities that do not follow the "normal" rules of gender. Miriam J. Abelson writes, "There is no question that trans men's experiences are men's
experiences and give insight about men, masculinity, and gender inequality." Like cisgender men, trans men can have any sexual orientation or sexual identity, including heterosexual, gay, bisexual, and queer, and some trans men consider conventional sexual orientation labels inadequate or inapplicable to them. The literature commonly indicates that sexual attraction to those of their same gender (e. g., trans men liking men and trans women liking women) is considerably less common among trans men than among trans women; the majority of trans men are reported as heterosexual. Surveys from the National Center for Transgender Equality show more variation in sexual orientation or sexual identity among trans men. In NCTE's 2015 Transgender Survey of respondents who identified as trans men, 23% identified as heterosexual or straight. The majority (65%) identified their sexual orientation or sexual identity as queer (24%), pansexual (17%), bisexual (12%), or gay/same gender loving (12%). Trans men have less success integrating socially within cisgender gay men's communities, which tend to be more body focused, especially in terms of being phallocentric. Yitzchak et al. state that, as a result, they more commonly see gay trans men partnering with each other than with cisgender gay men.

Trans men and transmasculine people often face difficulty and discrimination receiving medical treatment, due to both bias against assigned female patients and against transgender people. In the 2015 U. S. Transgender Survey, 42% of 8,037 trans men reported negative experiences with healthcare providers. There is a lack of credible research about how to provide adequate healthcare to transmasculine people undergoing medical transition, notably with doctors having difficulty diagnosing breast cancer in people who have undergone top surgery. HIV infection between trans men and others is still increasing.

Trans men with an intact female reproductive system may become pregnant. According to surveys compiled by Medicare for Australia, 75 male identifying parents gave birth in Australia in 2016, and 40 in 2017. Although testosterone therapy eventually induces amenorrhea in most trans men, trans men with uteri are still at risk of pregnancy even if they no longer have periods. Additionally, trans men are likely to live in poverty and have inadequate access to healthcare, so many do not have access to the contraceptives they may want or need. Trans men can use barrier methods, oral contraceptives, IUDs, and other methods of contraception while taking testosterone. Trans men must discontinue testosterone while attempting to conceive, while pregnant, and while breastfeeding, because high levels of testosterone during pregnancy can cause fetal abnormalities, specifically with the urogenital system of a female fetus.

Despite the 2020s restrictions on transgender children and adults participation in athletics, trans boys and men have competed in many individual and team sports at high school, college, and professional levels. Early known examples of trans men who competed at international levels were often competitors in women's championships, and came out as trans men later in life. They include Zdeněk Koubek, a Czech national champion and medal winner at the 1934 World Women's Athletic games in track; Willy De Bruyn, a Belgian cyclist who became unofficial women's world champion in 1934, born intersex and raised as a girl but later identified as a man; and French sprinter Pierre Brésolles, who ran the 100 metre and 200 metre races and won third place in the 100 meter dash in the Oslo European Championship in 1946. Later Olympic athletes include Andreas Krieger (b. 1965), a German former shot putter who competed on the women's East German athletics team at SC Dynamo Berlin, and Ricardo del Real, a Mexican taekwando competitor in the 2000 Summer Olympics. More recently, Chris Mosier, a duathlon and triathlon competitor on the US National team in duathlon, successfully challenged the International Olympic Committee former policy that required surgery before transgender athletes could compete. Mosier's challenge led to the creation and adoption of new IOC guidelines for the participation of transgender athletes and in World Championships. Mosier was considered the catalyst for change in the policy in January 2016, after he successfully advocated for change in the policy Another Olympic team athlete, former member of Japan's Olympic fencing team Fumino Sugiyama, is now a transgender rights activist and works to promote acceptance and participation of trans athletes in Japanese sports. Track and field athletes include retired German pole vaulter Balian Buschbaum and American NCAA college athlete Keelin Godsey (hammer throw). Competitive athletes in individual sports include American professional boxer Patricio Manuel, and Japanese former professional boxer Shindo Go, who held the World Boxing Council women's flyweight title from 2013 to 2014; NCAA swimmer Schuyler Bailar, and high school state wrestling champion Mack Beggs, who won the Texas state girls' wrestling title in 2017 despite efforts to bar him from participating. (State rules required him to compete according to sex assigned at birth.) In basketball, noted trans men include Jay Mulucha, an LGBTQI activist and Ugandan basketball player with the Magic Stormers in the Federation of Uganda Basketball League (FUBA), and American basketball player Kye Allums, the first openly transgender NCAA Division I college athlete. Harrison Browne was the first openly transgender athlete in professional American hockey, coming out in 2016 and transitioning medically after his retirement from professional sports in 2018. Kumi Yokoyama is a Japanese footballer who plays as a forward for Okayama Yunogo Belle and the Japan women's national team. Quince Mountain was the first transgender dog musher to compete in the Iditarod dogsledding race in 2020.

Transgender men can face discrimination as a result of their status as trans men. Such discrimination may include sexual violence.