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"Yesteryear" is the second episode of the first season of the animated American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Animated Series. It first aired in the NBC Saturday morning lineup on September 15, 1973, and was written by veteran Star Trek writer D. C. Fontana. Widely regarded as one of the best episodes of the series, it was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award. "Yesteryear" guest starred Mark Lenard in the role of Spock's father, Sarek. In this episode, Enterprise First Officer Spock must travel in time to his childhood and keep his younger self from dying and being replaced by an Andorian on his ship.

Captain Kirk and Spock return from a time traveling research project they have been conducting with the use of the Guardian of Forever and Starfleet historians. When they emerge from the portal, no one on board the Federation starship Enterprise recognizes Spock. The ship's first officer is instead an Andorian, Commander Thelin. In the new timeline, history has recorded that Spock died at age seven undergoing the Kahs wan ordeal on Vulcan. However, Spock remembers that when he took the Kahs wan, his life was saved by Selek an adult relative when a desert creature with poisonous claws called a le matya attacked them. Kirk hypothesizes that Selek was actually a time traveling Spock. While Kirk and Spock were in the portal, the Guardian and historians ran a scan of recent Vulcan history. The pair realize that as they were observing the birth of Orion at the time, Spock could not have been in two places at once to save himself as a child. Spock must go back through the time gate, and save the life of the child he was. Thelin is supportive of Spock's efforts despite their consequences on his own existence. Spock assumes the identity of Selek, a distant cousin of Sarek, and is welcomed into the home of Sarek and Amanda Grayson. "Selek" journeys into the desert to find his younger self, and saves the boy. However, I Chaya Spock's pet sehlat is gravely wounded. The younger Spock runs to fetch a Healer. The Healer tends to I Chaya and informs Selek and Spock that it is too late for an antidote; he can only prolong I Chaya's life, during which he will be in pain from the poison, or euthanize him. Young Spock chooses the latter. By making this choice, Spock has thus chosen the Vulcan way of life logic and emotional control and his elder self, successful in repairing history, returns to the restored present day, but not before teaching his younger self how to perform the Vulcan nerve pinch in order to deal with some school bullies.

The network, NBC, expressed concern about the episode's depiction of a pet being euthanized. However, Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry approved of writer D. C. Fontana's handling of the issue, and since NBC had given Roddenberry full creative control of the series, they had little choice but to broadcast the episode as it was. The Animated Series co producer Lou Scheimer later said "Yesteryear" was "probably my favorite episode. It sent a message to kids to be positive in the face of death."

Several concepts that first appeared in The Animated Series episode "Yesteryear", including the Forge and the city of ShiKahr, were later included in the Enterprise three part story that started with "The Forge". In the 2009 film Star Trek, young Spock is bullied by three fellow Vulcan students in the same manner as is seen happening in this episode.

The episode was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Entertainment Children's Series. The episode content has some influence on later productions, and fictional Vulcan city of ShiKahr was featured in Star Trek: Enterprise. They also note that despite being planned for presentation as a children's cartoon, it has a sci fi plot and emotional impact that ranks among the best of live action Star Trek episodes. They were impressed with the plot for what was basically a Saturday morning children's cartoon, remarking "Spock finds out that the timeline has been changed and he died as a child on Vulcan. He must go back in time to become the man who saved the younger version of himself." SyFy ranked "Yesteryear" as the 15th best time travel plot in Star Trek in 2016. A 2018 Star Trek binge watching guide by Den of Geek, recommended this episode as part of the "foundations of Star Trek" group. In 2018, CBR ranked this episode the fourth best time travel episode of all Star Trek. In 2019, Nerdist ranked this the 9th best time travel themed episode of the Star Trek franchise (including later spin offs). In 2019, The Verge called this an "episode to watch" with Star Trek: Discovery. They note that writer Dorothy C. Fontana wrote ten episodes of the original Star Trek, and recommended this episode for both veteran and rookie Star Trek watchers. They also note how the cartoon medium allowed the depictions of aliens and expressions that would be difficult to replicate in a live action show. They praised Gene Roddenberry for maintaining a high quality in Star Trek merchandise such as comic books, and noted this episode for exploring the origins of the character Spock.