Исландия халқының демографиялық сипаттамасы

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The demographics of Iceland include population density, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. As of 2022, the Icelandic population was just over 376,000. About 86,000 residents (23.7%) were of foreign background. About 99% of the nation's inhabitants live in urban areas (localities with populations greater than 200) and 64% live in the Capital Region.

The population of Iceland probably wavered between about 30,000 and 80,000 for most of the time since settlement. Official statistics begin in 1703, since which the population has grown from 50,358 to 376,248 (January 2022).

Most Icelandic people are descendants of Norwegian settlers, and of Gaels from Ireland and Scotland who were brought over as slaves during the settlement of Iceland in the ninth century AD. Recent DNA analysis suggests that about 66 percent of the male settler era population was of Norse ancestry and that the female population was 60 percent Celtic. Iceland remained extremely homogenous from its settlement era until the twentieth century.

Large numbers of Icelanders began to emigrate from Iceland in the 1850s. It has been estimated that 17,000 Icelanders immigrated to North America in the period 1870–1914, and that 2,000 of them moved back to Iceland; this net loss, 15,000, was about 20% of the Icelandic population in 1887. According to historian Gunnar Karlsson, "migration from Iceland is unique in that most went to Canada, whereas from most or all other European countries the majority went to the United States. This was partly due to the late beginning of emigration from Iceland after the Canadian authorities had begun to promote emigration in cooperation with the Allan Line, which already had an agent in Iceland in 1873. Contrary to most European countries, this promotion campaign was successful in Iceland, because emigration was only just about to start from there and Icelandic emigrants had no relatives in the United States to help them take the first steps".

In 2016, 71.6% of the population belonged to the state church (the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland), approximately 5% in free churches, 3.7% to the Roman Catholic Church, approximately 1% to the Ásatrúarfélagið (a legally recognized revival of the pre Christian religion of Iceland), approximately 1% to Zuism, 8% in unrecognized or unspecified religious groups, and 9% do not belong to any religious group.

All living Icelanders, as well as all foreign citizens with permanent residence in Iceland, have a personal identification number (kennitala) identifying them in the National Registry. This number is composed of 10 digits, whereof the first six are made up of the individual's birth date in the format DDMMYY. The next two digits are chosen at random when the kennitala is allocated, the 9th digit is a check digit, and the last digit indicates the period of one hundred years in which the individual was born (for instance, '9' for the period 1900–1999). An example would be 120192 3389. While similar, all inclusive personal registries exist in other countries, the use of the national registry is unusually extensive in Iceland. It is worth noting that the completeness of the National Registry eliminates any need for census to be performed.

Data according to Statistics Iceland, which collects the official statistics for Iceland. YearAverage population Live birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Total fertility rate 1900 78,000 2,237 1,545 692 28.6 19.8 8.9 3.93 1901 78,000 2,179 1,155 1,024 27.8 14.7 13.1 3.86 1902 79,000 2,220 1,262 958 28.1 16.0 12.1 3.95 1903 79,000 2,244 1,324 920 28.3 16.7 11.6 4.00 1904 80,000 2,293 1,242 1,051 28.7 15.5 13.2 4.09 1905 81,000 2,271 1,435 836 28.1 17.8 10.4 4.02 1906 82,000 2,346 1,193 1,153 28.8 14.6 14.2 4.14 1907 83,000 2,304 1,396 908 27.9 16.9 11.0 4.04 1908 83,000 2,270 1,594 676 27.3 19.1 8.2 4.01 1909 84,000 2,283 1,263 1,020 27.2 15.0 12.2 4.00 1910 85,000 2,171 1,304 867 25.6 15.4 10.2 3.79 1911 85,000 2,205 1,152 1,053 25.8 13.5 12.3 3.80 1912 86,000 2,234 1,171 1,063 26.0 13.6 12.4 3.82 1913 87,000 2,216 1,060 1,156 25.6 12.2 13.4 3.76 1914 88,000 2,338 1,428 910 26.7 16.3 10.4 3.90 1915 89,000 2,446 1,376 1,070 27.6 15.5 12.1 4.00 1916 89,000 2,377 1,322 1,055 26.6 14.8 11.8 3.81 1917 91,000 2,427 1,111 1,316 26.8 12.3 14.5 3.82 1918 92,000 2,441 1,518 923 26.6 16.6 10.1 3.78 1919 92,000 2,342 1,169 1,173 25.4 12.7 12.7 3.62 1920 94,000 2,627 1,360 1,267 28.1 14.5 13.6 3.96 1921 95,000 2,601 1,478 1,123 27.4 15.6 11.8 3.87 1922 96,000 2,546 1,280 1,266 26.6 13.4 13.2 3.72 1923 97,000 2,612 1,287 1,325 26.9 13.3 13.7 3.77 1924 98,000 2,525 1,462 1,063 25.7 14.9 10.8 3.62 1925 99,000 2,554 1,229 1,325 25.7 12.4 13.3 3.59 1926 101,000 2,676 1,121 1,555 26.5 11.1 15.4 3.71 1927 103,000 2,642 1,282 1,360 25.8 12.5 13.3 3.59 1928 104,000 2,542 1,124 1,418 24.4 10.8 13.6 3.40 1929 106,000 2,644 1,237 1,407 25.0 11.7 13.3 3.47 1930 107,000 2,808 1,248 1,560 26.1 11.6 14.5 3.59 1931 109,000 2,804 1,277 1,527 25.7 11.7 14.0 3.53 1932 111,000 2,696 1,191 1,505 24.4 10.8 13.6 3.31 1933 112,000 2,531 1,159 1,372 22.5 10.3 12.2 3.07 1934 114,000 2,597 1,181 1,416 22.8 10.4 12.4 3.10 1935 115,000 2,551 1,402 1,149 22.1 12.2 10.0 2.99 1936 116,000 2,557 1,253 1,304 22.0 10.8 11.2 2.98 1937 117,000 2,397 1,317 1,080 20.4 11.2 9.2 2.78 1938 118,000 2,374 1,207 1,167 20.1 10.2 9.9 2.71 1939 120,000 2,363 1,160 1,203 19.8 9.7 10.1 2.68 1940 121,000 2,480 1,200 1,280 20.5 9.9 10.6 2.75 1941 122,000 2,634 1,352 1,282 21.6 11.1 10.5 2.91 1942 123,000 3,005 1,293 1,712 24.4 10.5 13.9 3.26 1943 125,000 3,173 1,268 1,905 25.4 10.1 15.2 3.36 1944 127,000 3,213 1,218 1,995 25.3 9.6 15.7 3.34 1945 129,000 3,434 1,179 2,255 26.6 9.1 17.5 3.55 1946 132,000 3,434 1,121 2,313 26.1 8.5 17.6 3.47 1947 134,000 3,706 1,162 2,544 27.6 8.6 18.9 3.67 1948 137,000 3,821 1,114 2,707 27.8 8.1 19.7 3.72 1949 140,000 3,884 1,106 2,778 27.8 7.9 19.9 3.73 1950 143,000 4,093 1,122 2,971 28.7 7.9 20.8 3.86 1951 145,000 3,999 1,145 2,854 27.5 7.9 19.6 3.72 1952 148,000 4,075 1,082 2,993 27.5 7.3 20.2 3.79 1953 151,000 4,254 1,118 3,136 28.1 7.4 20.7 3.94 1954 154,000 4,281 1,064 3,217 27.7 6.9 20.8 3.91 1955 158,000 4,505 1,099 3,406 28.5 7.0 21.5 4.07 1956 161,000 4,603 1,153 3,450 28.5 7.2 21.3 4.14 1957 165,000 4,725 1,157 3,568 28.6 7.0 21.6 4.20 1958 168,000 4,641 1,165 3,476 27.5 6.9 20.6 4.09 1959 172,000 4,837 1,242 3,595 28.1 7.2 20.9 4.24 1960 176,000 4,916 1,167 3,749 28.0 6.6 21.4 4.27 1961 179,000 4,563 1,248 3,315 25.5 7.0 18.5 3.88 1962 182,000 4,711 1,237 3,474 25.9 6.8 19.1 3.98 1963 186,000 4,820 1,327 3,493 26.0 7.1 18.9 3.98 1964 189,000 4,787 1,315 3,472 25.3 7.0 18.3 3.86 1965 192,000 4,721 1,291 3,430 24.6 6.7 17.9 3.71 1966 196,000 4,692 1,391 3,301 24.0 7.1 16.9 3.58 1967 199,000 4,404 1,385 3,019 22.2 7.0 15.2 3.28 1968 201,000 4,227 1,390 2,837 21.0 6.9 14.1 3.07 1969 203,000 4,218 1,451 2,767 20.8 7.1 13.7 2.99 1970 204,000 4,023 1,457 2,566 19.7 7.1 12.6 2.81 1971 206,000 4,277 1,501 2,776 20.8 7.3 13.5 2.92 1972 209,000 4,676 1,447 3,229 22.3 6.9 15.4 3.09 1973 212,000 4,598 1,475 3,123 21.7 6.9 14.8 2.95 1974 215,000 4,276 1,495 2,781 19.9 6.9 13.0 2.66 1975 218,000 4,384 1,412 2,972 20.1 6.5 13.6 2.65 1976 220,000 4,291 1,343 2,948 19.5 6.1 13.4 2.52 1977 222,000 3,996 1,435 2,561 18.0 6.5 11.5 2.31 1978 224,000 4,162 1,421 2,741 18.6 6.4 12.2 2.35 1979 226,000 4,475 1,482 2,993 19.8 6.6 13.2 2.49 1980 228,000 4,528 1,538 2,990 19.8 6.7 13.1 2.48 1981 231,000 4,345 1,656 2,689 18.8 7.2 11.6 2.33 1982 234,000 4,337 1,583 2,754 18.5 6.8 11.7 2.26 1983 237,000 4,371 1,653 2,718 18.4 7.0 11.4 2.24 1984 240,000 4,113 1,584 2,529 17.2 6.6 10.6 2.08 1985 241,000 3,856 1,652 2,204 16.0 6.8 9.2 1.93 1986 243,000 3,881 1,598 2,283 16.0 6.6 9.4 1.93 1987 246,000 4,193 1,724 2,469 17.0 7.0 10.0 2.07 1988 250,000 4,673 1,818 2,855 18.7 7.3 11.4 2.27 1989 253,000 4,560 1,716 2,844 18.0 6.8 11.2 2.20 1990 255,000 4,768 1,704 3,064 18.7 6.7 12.0 2.31 1991 258,000 4,533 1,796 2,737 17.6 7.0 10.6 2.19 1992 261,000 4,609 1,719 2,890 17.7 6.6 11.1 2.21 1993 264,000 4,623 1,753 2,870 17.5 6.6 10.9 2.22 1994 266,000 4,442 1,717 2,725 16.7 6.4 10.3 2.14 1995 267,000 4,280 1,923 2,357 16.0 7.2 8.8 2.08 1996 269,000 4,329 1,879 2,450 16.1 7.0 9.1 2.12 1997 271,000 4,151 1,843 2,308 15.3 6.8 8.5 2.04 1998 274,000 4,178 1,821 2,357 15.3 6.7 8.6 2.05 1999 277,000 4,100 1,901 2,199 14.9 6.9 8.0 1.99 2000 281,000 4,315 1,828 2,487 15.5 6.5 9.0 2.08 2001 285,000 4,091 1,725 2,366 14.4 6.1 8.3 1.95 2002 288,000 4,049 1,822 2,227 14.1 6.3 7.8 1.93 2003 290,000 4,143 1,826 2,317 14.3 6.3 8.0 1.99 2004 292,000 4,234 1,824 2,410 14.5 6.2 8.3 2.03 2005 297,000 4,280 1,837 2,443 14.4 6.2 8.2 2.05 2006 304,000 4,415 1,903 2,512 14.7 6.3 8.4 2.07 2007 308,000 4,560 1,943 2,617 14.9 6.3 8.6 2.09 2008 315,000 4,835 1,987 2,848 15.4 6.2 9.2 2.14 2009 318,000 5,026 2,002 3,024 15.8 6.3 9.5 2.22 2010 318,000 4,907 2,020 2,887 15.5 6.4 9.1 2.20 2011 320,000 4,492 1,986 2,506 14.1 6.2 7.9 2.02 2012 322,000 4,533 1,955 2,578 14.2 6.1 8.1 2.04 2013 326,000 4,326 2,154 2,172 13.3 6.6 6.7 1.93 2014 329,000 4,375 2,049 2,326 13.4 6.2 7.2 1.93 2015 333,000 4,129 2,178 1,951 12.5 6.5 6.0 1.81 2016 338,000 4,034 2,309 1,725 12.1 6.8 5.3 1.75 2017 349,000 4,071 2,239 1,832 11.8 6.4 5.4 1.71 2018 357,000 4,228 2,257 1,971 12.0 6.4 5.6 1.71 2019 364,000 4,452 2,277 2,175 12.3 6.3 6.0 1.74 2020 369,000 4,512 2,308 2,204 12.4 6.3 6.1 1.722021 376,000 4,879 2,338 2,541 13.0 6.2 6.8 1.82 2022 388,000 4,391 2,693 1,698 11.3 6.9 4.4 1.59

+ Period Live births Deaths Natural increase January September 2022 3,380 2,050 +1,330 January September 2023 3,300 1,890 +1,440 Difference 80 ( 2.37%) 160 ( 7.8%) +110

Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal% Total 186 941 177 193 364 134 100 0–4 11 029 10 333 21 362 5.87 5–9 11 831 11 396 23 227 6.38 10–14 12 186 11 444 23 630 6.49 15–19 11 289 10 954 22 243 6.11 20–24 13 251 12 519 25 770 7.08 25–29 16 328 14 239 30 567 8.39 30–34 14 816 12 572 27 388 7.52 35–39 13 992 12 081 26 073 7.16 40–44 12 557 11 454 24 011 6.59 45–49 12 007 10 958 22 965 6.31 50–54 11 232 10 795 22 027 6.05 55–59 10 985 10 980 21 965 6.03 60–64 10 288 10 145 20 433 5.61 65 69 8 550 8 431 16 981 4.66 70 74 6 821 6 796 13 617 3.74 75 79 4 402 4 871 9 273 2.55 80 84 2 866 3 272 6 138 1.69 85 89 1 724 2 430 4 154 1.14 90 94 667 1 199 1 866 0.51 95 99 109 285 394 0.11 100+ 11 39 50 0.01Age group MaleFemaleTotalPercent 0–14 35 046 33 173 68 219 18.73 15–64 126 745 116 697 243 442 66.86 65+ 25 150 27 323 52 473 14.41