Виборг: Данияның орталық қаласының тарихы мен мәдениеті

Capital city in Mid Jutland, Denmark

Viborg is a city in central Jutland, Denmark, the capital of both Viborg municipality and Region Midtjylland. Viborg is also the seat of the Western High Court, the High Court for the Jutland peninsula. Viborg Municipality is the second largest Danish municipality, covering 3.3% of the country's total land area.

Viborg is one of the oldest cities in Denmark, with Viking settlements dating back to the late 8th century. Its central location gave the city great strategic importance, in political and religious matters, during the Middle Ages. A motte and bailey type castle was once located in the city. Viborg's name is a combination of two Old Norse words: vé, meaning a holy place, and borg, meaning a fort, but the original name of the town was Vvibiærgh, where biærgh means hill (modern Danish bjerg (mountain).

Viborg is famous for Viborg Cathedral. The construction of the cathedral started in 1130 and took about 50 years. The building has burned to the ground and been re built several times. Only the crypt of the original cathedral is still preserved. The cathedral was and is the locus of cult of Saint Kjeld of Viborg who was dean of the cathedral chapter there and had a great shrine there in the Middle Ages. The newest parts of the church are from a restoration between 1864 and 1876. The cathedral is famous for its many paintings by Danish painter Joakim Skovgaard, which depict stories from the Bible. Next to the cathedral is the Skovgaard museum, founded in 1937. Before the Protestant Reformation Viborg was the home of five monasteries, about 12 parish churches, several chapels and of course the cathedral. The Black Friars' church dates from the 13th century. The walk is affiliated to the IML Walking Association.

Viborg is home to a number of educational institutions, including Viborg Katedralskole (cathedral school). Denmark's oldest educational institution celebrated its 900th birthday in 2000. The school is believed to have been founded about 1060, at the same time as the city became the seat of a bishop. The church needed to educate boys and young men to enter into the church's service, and to that purpose it created a school. Its current monumental home was built in 1926 to accommodate a larger number of students and later the school added a dormitory to house the many students from outer regions or islands not close to a gymnasium. Although this role is now basically obsolete, the dorm continues to be a popular solution for many students wanting to get away from home or for a small number of students from Greenland. Viborg Katedralskole is today one of four gymnasiums in Viborg. Viborg is also home to The Animation Workshop, an art school based in a former army barracks on the outskirts of town. The school, which achieved official recognition from the Danish government in 2003, offers students a Bachelor of Arts in character animation. For international parents Viborg also has an international school where all teaching is in English based on the Cambridge International examinations.

Viborg is served by Viborg railway station. It is located on the Langå Struer railway line and offers direct InterCity services to Copenhagen and Struer and regional train services to Aarhus and Struer.

In the science fiction book The Corridors of Time by Poul Anderson, a Danish American writer who did considerable research on Danish history, a large part of the plot takes place in 16th century Viborg. The protagonist an American time traveller from the 20th century arrives in the city in 1535 and gets involved with the adherents of the overthrown King Christian II and of the peasant rebel leader Skipper Clement, who face savage persecution in the city. Viborg is also the setting of "Number 13", a ghost story by the English writer M. R. James.