Жапонның Асама тауының жанартау әрекеті

Volcano on the island of Honshū, Japan

Mount Asama sits at the conjunction of the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc and the Northeastern Japan Arc. The mountain is built up from non alkali mafic and pyroclastic volcanic rocks dating from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene. The main rock types are andesite and dacite. A University of Tokyo volcano observatory is located on the mountain's east slope. Volcanic gas emissions from this volcano are measured by a Multi Component Gas Analyzer System, which detects pre eruptive degassing of rising magmas, improving prediction of volcanic activity. There is also another mountain called Asama (朝熊山, Asama yama) of only 555 meters in Mie Prefecture.

The geologic features of this active volcano are closely monitored with seismographs and strategically positioned video cameras. Scientists have noted a range of textural variety in the ash which has been deposited in the region during the serial eruptions since the Tennin eruption of 1108.

The eruption of Mount Asama in 1108 (Tennin 1) has been the subject of studies by modern science. Records suggest that the magnitude of this plinian eruption was twice as large as that of the Tenmei catastrophe in 1783. A Swiss research team found Mount Asama's volcanic eruption could have contributed to extreme weather that caused severe famine, torrential rain and consecutive cold summers in Europe. They studied ice cores in Greenland which had increased sulfate deposition in 1108 CE. In the late Heian Period (794–1185) the diary of the court noble Fujiwara no Munetada reported that Mount Asama erupted on 29 August 1108. He wrote that a local report described rice paddies and fields could not be farmed due to being covered by a thick layer of ash.

Explosive eruptions occurred at the summit of Asama volcano on 26 April. Fine ash fell in Tokyo, to the SE, for the first time in 23 years. and throwing rocks up to from the crater. Ash fall was reported in Tokyo, southeast of the volcano crater. On 16 February there were 13 recorded volcanic earthquakes and an eruption emitting smoke and ash in a cloud high. Mount Asama continued to have small eruptions, tremors and earthquakes in February and remained on level 3 alert, with a danger zone within of the crater.

The eruptions of Mount Asama mark the span of Japan's recorded history, including: 2019, 2009, 2008, 2004, 2003, 1995, 1990, 1983, 1982, 1973, 1965, 1961, 1958–59, 1953–55, 1952, 1952, 1950–51, 1949, 1947, 1946, 1944–45, 1938–42, 1935–37, 1934, 1934, 1933, 1931–32, 1930, 1929, 1929, 1927–28, 1924, 1922, 1920–21, 1919, 1918?, 1917, 1916, 1915, 1914, 1909–14, 1908, 1908, 1907, 1907, 1906, 1905?, 1904, 1903, 1902, 1902, 1900–01, 1899, 1899, 1894, 1889, 1879, 1878?, 1875, 1869, 1815, 1803, 1803, 1783, 1779?, 1777, 1776, 1769, 1762, 1755, 1754, 1733, 1732, 1731, 1729, 1729, 1728, 1723, 1723, 1722, 1721, 1720, 1719, 1718, 1717, 1711, 1710, 1708–09, 1706, 1704, 1703, 1669, 1661, 1661, 1660, 1659, 1658, 1657, 1656, 1655, 1653, 1652, 1651, 1650?, 1649, 1648, 1648, 1647, 1645, 1644, 1609, 1605, 1604, 1600, 1598, 1597, 1596, 1596, 1595?, 1591, 1590, 1532, 1528, 1527, 1518, 1427?, 1281, 1108, 887, 685. The lava flow that erupted in 1783 Tenmei eruption was solidified. Now, it is known as a tourist destination.

The Asama Volcano Museum , from the crater of the Mount Asama, open from 1993 to 2020, explained volcanoes. The museum was in Naganohara machi, Agatsuma gun, Gunma Prefecture. As of early 2009, it was open from April until November. Visitor numbers peaked at 265,000 in 1994; however, seismic activity at nearby Mount Asama was one reason for frequent closures. The closures were a factor in the drop in visitors: this gradually fell to 23,000. Several references are made to Mount Asama throughout the film, including a melody composed by a blind composer, Mr. Taguchi. In the anime Neon Genesis Evangelion, the Eighth Angel, Sandalphon, was located inside Mount Asama.